Quarter 4 - Module 6

Generation, Transmission, and

Distribution of Electrical
Energy
Explain how electrical energy is
generated, transmitted, and distributed
(S9FE-IVh-46)

• Identify the sources of electrical

energy.
• Explain how electrical energy reaches
the consumers.
• Differentiate step-up from a step-down
transformer
Transformer is used to regulate the
voltage, what type of transformer is
used to increase the amount of
voltage?
A. Step-up
B. Step-down
C. Neither A nor B
D. Both A and B
What type of power plant uses
steam to turn the turbine in
generating electricity?
A.Hydroelectric
B.Geothermal
C.Solar
D.Windmill
Which type of energy is caused by
moving electric charges?

A.Mechanical Energy
B.Rotational Energy
C.Electrical Energy
D.Chemical Energy
Steam, water, wind, and other fluids
are needed to turn the ________ of a
power plant.
A.Generator
B. Turbine
C. Motor
D. Transformer
Which of the following powerplants
use water to generate electricity?

A. Geothermal
B. Hydroelectric
C. Windmill
D. Nuclear
Can you live without electricity?
Give examples of activities that
require the use of electricity.
Types of Power Plants for Energy Generation
Geothermal Power Plant Coal Fired Power Plant Nuclear Power Plant

Hydroelectric Power Plant Solar Power Plant Wind Power Plant

Guide Questions:
1.How is electricity generated from
powerplants?
2.How is electricity transmitted in
cable wires?
3.How is electricity distributed in
houses in order to supply power
to appliances?
How is electricity generated?
• Electrical energy is produced by using a generator
in the power plant (power station).
• Generators are also called : Alternator or dynamo.
• It convert mechanical energy into electrical
energy.
Turbine is a paddlewheel fitted with
blades use to revolve by a fast-
moving flow of water, steam, gas, air,
or other fluid that convert kinetic
energy into rotational motion thus
producing mechanical energy.
 How is electricity transmitted?
Most of the power plants are built far
from communities and households.
Hence, the electrical energy produced
has to be carried by transmission
lines. A transmission line is a long
conductor especially designed to
carry a huge amount of power at very
high voltage to the substation. Long
transmission lines move electricity at
the power plants to substations which
are regulated by the National Power
Corporation.
Transformers
Function: To increase
or decrease the voltage
of an alternating
current
Alternating current
flows in two direction:
from the source of
electricity and back to
the source of
electricity
From the generating station,
the transmission substations
step up the voltage thru a step-
up transformer to a range of
138,000 – 765,000 volts.
Within the operating area,
transmission substations
reduce (step down) the
transmitted voltage to 34,500 –
138,000 volts. This power is
carried through lines to the
distribution systems located in
the local service area.
How is electricity is distributed?
Electricity is distributed through an
electric distribution substation. At a
substation, the high voltage electricity
from the high-voltage transmission
lines is channeled through step-down
transformers that lowers the voltage.
In the Philippines, electricity
production is carried by both the
government through the National
Power Corporation (NAPOCOR) and
independent power producers (IPPs).
Location of Transformer

Step Up Transformer
• Nearby Power Station
• Before being distributed to National Grid Network

Step down Transformer

• Main substation
• Branch substation
• Heavy industries – 33kV
• Small industries – 11 kV
• City & Commercial – 450V
• Residential area – 240V
Electricity from Coal-Fired Powerplant – Consumers
Electricity from Hydroelectric Powerplant – Consumers
Electricity from Nuclear Powerplant – Consumers
Think of some ways on how we can save on
electrical energy consumption. Choose 1
appliance and list down at least 3 energy-
saving tips.
1.washing machine
2.refrigerator
3.clothes iron
4.lights and lamps
5.electric fans
6.television