Business Mathematics

Graphs of Linear and Quadratic Functions

Chapter 2
Cartesian Coordinate Systems
Cartesian Coordinate Systems
You need to know,

1. Mid Point of two points

2. Equation of a straight line
3. Slope/Gradient of a straight line.
4. Determining the equation of a straight
line.
 Geometry of two lines
Given two lines with slopes 𝒎𝟏 and 𝒎𝟐

Given two lines with slopes m1 and m2:

(a) The 2 lines intersects if m1  m2
(b) The 2 lines are parallel if m1 = m2
(c) The 2 lines are perpendicular to each other (i.e. intersect each other at 90o)
if m1  m2 = 1.
 Geometry of two lines
Exercise
(1) Given a pair of lines x - 2y = 4 and 3x + 2y = 4 determine if these lines
are parallel or intersect. If so, are they perpendicular to each other?

(2) Given the line containing these points (3, 3) and (5,6) and another line
containing these points (-1, 1) and (1, 4). Determine if they are parallel or
intersect each other. If so, are they perpendicular to each other?

(3) Given the line y = 3x/2 - 3/2 and the line containing the points (1, 4)
and (-2, 6). Determine if these two lines are parallel or intersect each other.
If so, are they perpendicular to each other?
Solving Linear Equations – more than one
variable

I. Substitution Method

II. Elimination Method

 Quadratic Functions
Definition:
A function f defined by f(x) = ax2 + bx + y where a, b and c are real numbers and a  0. It
can also be interchangeably denoted in this way, that is

y = ax2 + bx + c

Examples: f(x) = 3x2 – 1 and f(x) = 3x2 - 7x - 3

 Quadratic Functions
Solving Quadratic equations

Method 1: Factor method

Method 2: Completing Square method
Method 3 : Quadratic Formula

−𝑏± 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
 Quadratic Functions

Discriminant

The number 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 is called the

discriminant.
The discriminant of a quadratic equation
indicates the type of roots that a quadratic
equation has.
To be Continued……….