Systems of Medicine

Junayet Hossain khan (JKH)

Junayet.khan@northsouth.edu
Unani System of Medicine
 Unani

"Unani" or "Yunani medicine is the term for Perso-Arabic traditional

medicine as practiced in Mughal India and in Muslim culture in South
Asia . The term Unani means "Greek", as the Perso- Arabic system of
medicine was based on the teachings of the Greek physicians
Hippocrates and Galen .
Unani Medicine – Key Figures

Galen

Rabban Tabari Al Razi IBN SINA

 Principle of Treatment

The system is based on two theories such as:

1] The Hippocratic theory of four humours. The

four humours are blood, phelgm, yellow bile,
and black bile.

2] Pythagorian theory of four proximate

qualities. The four qualities are the states of
human body like hot, cold, moist and dry. These
are represented as earth, water, fire , and air.
 Diagnosis

Diseases are mainly diagnosed with the help of pulse

(nubz), physical examination of the urine and stool.

• The Unani system of medicine aims at treating the

cause of the disease and not its symptoms.

• For this purpose, history of the patient is recorded

in addition to his pulse, urine, stool examinations.
 Treatment
Diseases are treated in the following ways:

1) Ilajbil Tadbeer (Regimental Therapy) : It includes various drugless regimens for treatment of
ailments that are exercise, massage, hamam (Turkish bath), Douches (cold and hot) and
regimen for geriatrics.

2) Ilajbil Ghiza (Dietotherpy): Different diets are recommended for patients of different
diseases.

3) Ilajbil Dava (Pharmaco therapy) : It involves the treatment of cause of the disease due to
environmental factors or imbalance of humours through:
a) Drugs of opposite temperament to the temperament of the disease.
b) Drugs of similar temperament as of the temperament of the disease.

4) Ilajbil Yad (Surgery)

Traditional Chinese
Medicine
 Traditional Chinese Medicine
Traditional forms of medicine have been used in China since the 3rd Century.
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) system consist three parts.

Chinese herbal medicine has been used by

Chinese people to treat diseases for over
4,000 years.
•Herbs consists mainly of natural
medicinal materials such as plants, animal
parts, and minerals of medicinal value.
• Each ingredient has unique
characteristics.
• The ingredients work in harmony to help
a person’s body.
• It is believed that herbs can help boost
Qi and balance Yin/Yang.
 Traditional Chinese Medicine
The below methods are considered as part of the Chinese
medicine treatment:
Chinese herbal medicine
Acupuncture
Die-da or Tieh Ta
Chinese food therapy
Tui na - massage therapy
Qigong (or chi kung, practice involving movement and
regulated breathing)
Physical exercise such as T'ai Chi Ch'uan and other Chinese
martial arts
Mental health therapy
Cupping
 Acupuncture
• It is a form of alternative medicine in which
thin needles are inserted into the body. It is a
key component of traditional Chinese
medicine.
• It is mainly used in the reduction of various
types of pain and to treat sleep disturbances
though many researchers claim that it is
placebo effect.
• Acupressure, a non-invasive form of
bodywork, uses physical pressure applied to
acupressure points by the hand or elbow, or
with various devices.
 Cupping
Cupping therapy is a form of CTM in which cups are placed on the skin to create
suction.
The cups can be made of a variety of materials, including:
• Glass
• Bamboo
• Earthenware
The suction of the cups mobilizes blood flow to promote the healing of a broad range
of medical ailments.
 Chinese Massage
Chinese massage is known as Tui Na
• Uses wave-like motions to loosen joints and
nourish muscles.
• Brings awareness back to a person’s body,
making it a first step in the healing process.
• Stimulates the flow of Qi, blood and body
fluids
• Can be used to treat pain, stress or digestion
problems
 Chiropractic
A system of medicine based on beliefs of Daniel David Palmer (1845–1913),
who proposed that the spine and musculature underpin all aspects of human
health.
• Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the
diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal
system, especially the spine.
• Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous
system.
Naturopathy
 Naturopathy
Naturopathy is a science of disease elimination
without drugs.
• To follow rules of the nature.
• To cure disease with the use of forces of Nature
such as food, water, clay, sun- energy etc.
• It aims at strengthening the natural defenses of
the body
The ideology and methods of naturopathy are
based on vitalism and folk medicine, rather than
evidence-based medicine.
Naturopathic medicine is considered by the
medical profession to be ineffective and possibly
harmful, raising ethical issues about its practice.
 Faith Healing

• Faith healing is the practice of prayer and gestures that

are believed by some to elicit divine intervention in
spiritual and physical healing, especially the Christian
practice.
• Believers assert that the healing of disease and disability
can be brought about by religious faith through prayer
and/or other rituals that, according to adherents, can
stimulate a divine presence and power.
• It is also found in Islam. For example, placing the right
hand on a place that is in pain, or placing the right hand
on the forehead and reciting Sura Al-Fatiha. These
methods are referred to as ruqyah