1. Ratio of ultimate stress to 0.2 percent proof stress shall be at least 1.15.

The ratio of actual ultimate (tensile) strength denoted by TS to the actual 0.2% proof strength
denoted by YS shall be at least 1.15.
Actual 𝑇𝑆
i.e., ≥ 1.15.
Actual 𝑌𝑆
e.g., if actual YS of Fe 415 grade steel is 480 N/mm2, then its actual tensile strength shall not
be less than 1.15 × 480 = 552 N/mm2.
Explanation: To develop an inelastic rotation capacity, a structural member needs an
adequate strength of the yield plateau along the axis of the member. Larger the TS / YS ratio,
longer is the yield region. This provision ensures a sufficient length of yield region or yield
plateau.

2. Ratio of ultimate stress to 0.2 percent proof stress shall not exceed 1.25.
Actual 0.2% proof strength ≤ 1.25 × characteristic proof strength.
e.g., actual 0.2% proof strength obtained by testing of Fe 415 grade steel (YS = 480 as above) shall not
exceed 1.25 × 480 = 600 N/mm2.
Explanation: After the plastic hinge is formed, the stress in flexure reinforcement increases due to
strain hardening and reach to TS before failure.
This means design moment increases by TS/(0.87 YS), i.e., Mu1 = 1.15 (TS/YS).
Corresponding shear also increases by 1.15 (TS/YS), i.e., Vu1 = 1.15 (TS/YS) Vu.
Shear capacity of section = Shear taken by steel + shear taken by concrete > Vu1.
In design, we consider (as per code) that shear taken by concrete is zero. But in reality, some shear is
resisted by concrete also (Refer to commentary on page 304 ACI-318).
If ductile failure is to be assured
Shear capacity of section = Shear taken by stirrups+shear taken by concrete > Vu1 [i.e., 1.15(TS/YS)Vu].
As per IS: 13920, Shear taken by stirrups = 1.4 Vu.
Consider shear taken by concrete =0
Then 1.4 Vu > 1.15 (TS/YS) Vu …… …… (1)
When TS/YS = 1.15 (minimum required), 1.4 Vu > 1.15 × 1.15 (i.e., 1.322) Vu … … (O.K.)
When TS/YS = 1.2 (as per IS:13920-2016), 1.4 Vu > 1.15 × 1.2 Vu = 1.38 Vu … … (O.K.)
Now, considering the above fact (page 304 ACI-318) amendment 2 of IS: 13920 seems to consider
some shear resisted by concrete also. It gives TS/YS = 1.25 (max)
Then 1.4 Vu + shear resisted by concrete > 1.15 × 1.25 Vu = 1.44 Vu
Shear resisted by concrete = at least 0.04 Vu.
When TS/YS = 1.3 (code value is exceeded)
1.4 Vu + 0.04 Vu > 1.15 × 1.3 Vu
OR 1.44 Vu > 1.5 Vu … … … (Not satisfied)
Beam will fail in shear and result in brittle failure.
Note that how simple would be the explanation if amendment 2 is not considered.