Module 1: Topic 1

Intangibility inspected by human senses at the

point of sale.
Module 1 | Week 2-3 | 02.04

Overview of the Tourism

Industry
DEFINITION OF TOURISM AND INDUSTRY

‣ “Tourism comprises the activities of

persons traveling to and staying in
United Nation
World places outside their usual
Tourism environment for not more than one
Organization consecutive year for leisure, business
(UNWTO) and other purposes.”
‣ the processes, activities, and
outcomes arising from the
relationships and interactions among
tourists, tourism suppliers, host
governments, host communities, and
Tourism
surrounding environments involved
in attracting and hosting of visitors.
‣ term to describe firms &
establishment providing facilities
and services for tourist.
Tourism
Industry ‣ described as the range of business
and organizations involved in
delivering tourism product.
TRAVEL MOTIVATORS
‣ related to individual’s physical rest
like relaxation in a form of indulging
in health spa. Other example: sports
Physical activities like swimming, cycling and
Motivator diving.
‣ in a form of acquiring new
knowledge about different culture,
traditions, beliefs and way of life of
other people. It is related the person’s
interest in understanding one’s
Cultural culture through arts, food, music,
Motivator dance etc.
‣ anchored on the individual’s desire
to meet new people, visit friend and
Interpersonal
relatives and gain new experiences.
Motivator
‣ focused on one’s desire to travel for
status and esteem purposes. For
Status and
instance, travel for studying, business,
Prestige
and training.
Motivator

CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM PRODUCTS

‣ inability to store the product for WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (WTO)

sale at a later date. DEFINITIONS
Perishability
‣ Inbound Tourism: visit to a country
‣ Tourism is a product high in human
International by non-residents.
contact.
Tourism
‣ Outbound Tourism: visit to a
‣ each experience element relies on
country by non-residents.
human interaction between user and
Variability
provider staff, so that each incident Domestic ‣ visits by residents of a country to
is intrinsically unique. Tourism their own country.

‣ The fact the consumer has to ‣ visits by residents and residents of

interact with the tourism provider or the country of reference.
Internal
destination in order to experience Tourism
Inseparability the product at all. Sometimes called ‣ Inbound Tourism + Domestic
‘simultaneous production and Tourism
consumption’. National ‣ Internal Tourism + Outbound
Tourism Tourism
‣ Tourism product cannot be
Micro Perspective of Tourism & Hospitality
Section 5 - Samuel Madeja
‣ any person on a trip between two c. Technology
or more countries OR two or more
f. Information
localities within his/her country of
Traveller usual residence. e. Governance

‣ same-day visitors who do not ‣ represent what many of the

spend the night in a collective or general public perceive as ‘’tourism’’.
private accommodation in the Includes:
Excursionists country visited.
a. Transportation
‣ visitors who stay in the country
desired for at least one night. b. Accommodation
Tourists
c. Food Services

4. Operating f. Attractions
Sectors
e. Events

f. Adventure & Outdoor Restoration

g. Entertainment

h. Travel Trade Sector & Tourism

Services

COMPONENTS OF TOURISM & TOURISM ‣ the challenge facing destinations is

MANAGEMENT to deliver their experiences in a way
that enables the visitors to believe
‣ it is important to know their travel 5. Spirit of that they are welcome & are truly
motivations and factors that Hospitality
guests.
influence their choice of destination
1. The Tourist and activities. ‣ composed of visionaries, policy
6. Planning, makers, strategic planners, and
Composed of:
Development, individuals and groups who make
‣ Physiography – nature & Promotion & the right things happen led by the
appearance of landscape. Catalyst destination management
2. Natural
Organizations organization.
Resource and
Environment ‣ Climate – kind of weather of a
place over a period.

‣ People – residents and concurrent

visitors.

‣ created by humans. Includes:

a. Infrastructure – put in place to

meet needs of local residents DESTINATION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS:
(Roads, Telecommunications). DMOs

b. Superstructure – facilities that ‣ organizations whose purpose is to promote and

have been developed to respond to facilitate travel to and within their districts, cities, regions,
3. Built the demands of visitors (Theme states/provinces, nations, or even continents.
Environment Parks).

THE TOURISM PRODUCT

Micro Perspective of Tourism & Hospitality
Section 5 - Samuel Madeja
Organization & internationally.
(DOT)
‣ not a single tangible things but an amalgam or
combination of the following:

a. Intangible Elements
- image, hospitality, courtesy, friendliness,
helpfulness, ambiance, security, etc. ‣ Get their destination ready to host
b. Tangible Elements tourists.
Local
- the natural environment, hotels, restaurants, Government
resorts, food, ‣ Regulate tourism related business.
Units &
- support facilities like airports, aircrafts, Communities ‣ Promote the province, city, and
roads, destination festivals, etc. town.
‣ enhancing and preserving the tourism product is Other National ‣ Regulate and develop attractions,
everybody’s concern, from the driver to the market government support infrastructure, and services
vendor to the tour guide to the resort owner up to the Agencies
required for tourism development.
President.
Private Sector ‣ Plan and develop tour products &
or Operating services.
Sectors
4 DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF TOURISM: ‣ Promote & sell tours.
ACCORDING TO STAKEHOLDERS

‣ the nature of the tourist’s psychic

& physical experiences and
To the Tourist
satisfactions will determine choice of
destination and activities.
‣ those that provide tourist goods
To Tourism and services.
Suppliers
‣ concerned with revenue generation
and customer satisfaction.
TYPES OF TOURISTS: PLOG’S MODEL
‣ outgoing, confident, adventurous.
Allocentric
‣ willing to experiment and explore.
Ex: backpackers, mountaineers
‣ conservative, prefer familiar, highly
secure surroundings, non-risk takers.

‣ plays an important factor in Psychocentric Ex: local travelers who go only to

tourism policy, development,
promotion, and implementation.
To the
Government ‣ concerned with generation of
income and foreign exchange.
To Host ‣ local people see tourism as a
Community cultural and employment factor.
Baguio during summer every year.
‣ not too adventurous yet not too
conservative in their choices of
destinations.
‣ most tourists belong to this
Midcentric
category.

Ex: travelers to Puerto Galera

GENERAL ROLES OF PARTNERS

‣ Formulation of policies & PURPOSE OF TRAVEL

guidelines.
Pleasure/ ‣ people travel to enjoy, relax, and
‣ National planning & development have fun.
Vacation
of tourist destinations and activities.
National
‣ aim is bonding.
Tourism ‣ Promotion of the Philippine, locally
Micro Perspective of Tourism & Hospitality
Section 5 - Samuel Madeja
Visit Friends ‣ Sunlust: the desire to experience
or Relatives different or better facilities outside
(VFR) ‣ which means to strengthen
one’s place of residence.
personal ties.

‣ or meet new friends.

Business and ‣ people usually attend to their

Professional primary work objective first before
Reasons
undertaking their secondary
including
Conventions objective of holiday.

‣ includes traditional health

Health/ relaxation and rejuvenation.

Treatment ‣ medical tourism

Ex: spa, massage

‣ includes pilgrimage to Mecca by

Religion or Muslims and visits to holy shrines
Pilgrimage like Jerusalem, Lourdes and Fatima.

MODELS/THEORIES ON TRAVEL MOTIVATION

‣ Push Factors

- socio-psychological or personal
motives
A. Push-Pull
Theory/Model - involves anomie (man’s needs for
love and affection), ego
enhancement, increased wealth.

‣ Pull Factors

- motives aroused by the destination

such as white sand, beach.

‣ Wanderlust: motives that cause

individuals to want to experience
different existing cultures and places
or historically significant areas.
B. Wanderlust-
Sunlust
Theory