Shereign R. Andales Mr.

Richard Kenn Pargan

BSE 3-1E July 1, 2023

Task 1. Discuss comprehensively a number of issues attributed to the principles of

instructional materials development. 
(Issues that currently affects the learning process of students and how teachers
design their instructional materials) 

1. Lack of Authenticity: Authenticity refers to the degree to which instructional

materials reflect real-world contexts and applications. Materials that lack
authenticity can make it challenging for students to connect theoretical concepts to
practical scenarios. Teachers should strive to incorporate authentic examples, case
studies, and real-life problem-solving opportunities within their materials to enhance
students' ability to transfer knowledge and skills beyond the classroom.

2. Outdated Information: In rapidly evolving fields, instructional materials may

become outdated over time. This issue is particularly relevant in subjects such as
technology, science, and current affairs. Outdated information can lead to
misinformation, confusion, and hinder students' ability to apply knowledge in real-
world contexts. Teachers should regularly update their materials to ensure accuracy
and relevance, or supplement them with additional resources to address the latest
developments.

3. Insufficient Differentiation: Students have diverse learning needs, abilities, and

preferences. Instructional materials should cater to these differences and provide
opportunities for differentiation. However, a common issue is the lack of
differentiation within materials, which can hinder students' ability to grasp concepts
effectively. Teachers need to create materials that offer multiple entry points,
scaffolding options, and varied instructional strategies to accommodate the diverse
learning profiles of their students.

Task 2. Draft and submit an outline of a lesson plan based on the principles and
application of Language Teaching and explain the relevance of IMs featured in the
learning process of your students.

Title: Exploring Storytelling Techniques: Enhancing Narrative Skills

Grade Level: 7-8 Subject: Language Teaching (English)
I.Introduction
A. Begin the lesson with a brief discussion on the importance of storytelling and its
role in communication and language development.
B. Present the lesson objective: To explore various storytelling techniques and
enhance students' narrative skills.
II. Warm-up Activity: Storytelling Showcase
A. Ask students to bring a favorite story or folktale from their culture or a book they
enjoyed reading.
B. In small groups, students take turns sharing their stories with the group.
C. Encourage students to discuss the elements that make a story engaging and
memorable.
III. Main Activity: Analyzing Storytelling Techniques
A. Introduce a selection of short stories from different genres (e.g., adventure,
mystery, fantasy).
B. Provide a set of guiding questions to help students analyze the storytelling
techniques used in each story (e.g., characterization, plot development, descriptive
language).
C. In pairs or small groups, students read and discuss the assigned story, identifying
and highlighting the effective storytelling elements. D. Each group presents their
analysis, showcasing the storytelling techniques they found most compelling.
IV. Application Activity: Creating Personal Narratives
A. Introduce the concept of personal narratives and their significance in storytelling.
B. Discuss the elements of a compelling personal narrative, such as a clear central
theme, vivid descriptions, and a well-structured plot.
C. Provide students with a graphic organizer or template to plan their personal
narratives. D. Students work individually to write and revise their personal
narratives, focusing on incorporating the storytelling techniques discussed earlier. E.
Encourage peer editing and provide feedback on content, language use, and
narrative structure.
V. Interactive Activity: Storytelling Performance
A. Divide students into small groups and assign each group a different storytelling
technique (e.g., suspense, humor, imagery).
B. In their groups, students brainstorm ideas and collaboratively create short
narratives that showcase their assigned technique.
C. Each group performs their narratives for the class, focusing on effectively using
the assigned storytelling technique.
D. Encourage the class to provide constructive feedback and reflect on the impact of
each technique on the storytelling experience.
VI. Reflection and Conclusion
A. Ask students to reflect individually on their personal growth in narrative skills and
their understanding of storytelling techniques.
B. Facilitate a class discussion on the relevance of narrative skills in various contexts,
such as writing, public speaking, and personal expression.
C. Summarize the main takeaways and encourage students to continue exploring and
refining their narrative skills beyond the classroom.

Relevance of Instructional Materials (IMs) in the Learning Process:

Short Stories: The use of short stories as instructional materials exposes students to
different genres and writing styles. It helps them analyze and appreciate effective
storytelling techniques, building their understanding and application of narrative
skills.
Guiding Questions: The provided guiding questions in the IMs serve as prompts for
critical thinking and analysis. They guide students in examining the storytelling
elements and encourage deeper engagement with the texts.
Graphic Organizer/Template: The IMs include a graphic organizer or template to
assist students in planning and organizing their personal narratives. These visual aids
support students' narrative development, providing a framework for structuring
their ideas.
Peer Editing and Feedback: The IMs incorporate opportunities for peer editing and
feedback, promoting a collaborative learning environment. Students learn from each
other's strengths and areas for improvement, enhancing their writing skills through
constructive critique.
Interactive Activity: The IMs feature an interactive activity where students actively
engage in creating and performing narratives. This hands-on