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Date 2023-06-22

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The system will include a water pump that will be utilized to sprinkle water over the ground based on factors like moisture
content. According to the World Wildlife Fund, excessive water consumption for agriculture is drying up rivers, lakes, and
subterranean water supplies in many irrigated regions. The world's agricultural sector utilizes 70% of the freshwater that is
available, which is more than eight times more than the municipal sectors and three times more than industrial. With that
said exploiting a Blynk Cloud technique, we may conserve water and use it later by exploiting soil moisture.

2.2 ADVANTAGES OF PROJECT

• The cost-effective method of measurement.

• It provides data right away.

inexpensive.
• Watermark sensors are fairly

• Provide reliable findings.

• Watermark sensors provide a wider range of moisture readings.

2.3 DISADVANTAGES OF PROJECT

• Before choosing the best moisture sensor, a preliminary assessment of the circumstances at the location is necessary.

• It necessitates the insertion of a probe into the ground manually.

• The measured values are based on the characteristics of different materials. Data on moisture must be used correctly
and interpreted.

2.4 SCOPE

agricultural system is intended to address the water shortage in the best possible way. A water pump that will
The planned
be used to supply water to the farm is used together with an android device, a primary controlling unit (NodeMCU),
sensors to measure various parameters, and other components in the design to apply IoT technology.

CHAPTER-3:

MATERIALS, METHODS, AND ALGORITHMS USED IN EXPERIMENTATION

The entire irrigation system might be automated using the smart agriculture technology. Here, we're utilizing an ESP8266
NodeMCU Module to develop an Internet of Things-based irrigation system. We can get the moisture values using the soil
moisture sensor and we can control the water pump using the relay module using a tablet or smartphone and the Blynk
cloud server, it will manually irrigate the water. The system will have a motor attached to it that will be utilized to sprinkle
water over the ground based on factors like moisture content.

3.1 COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Hardware

• NodeMCU ESP8266 board

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• Soil moisture sensor
• Relay module

• Breadboard

• Jumper wires
•

Mini water pump

• Mini water pipe

• 9v battery clip

• 9v Battery

Software

• Blynk mobile app

• Blynk Cloud

3.1.1 NODEMCU ESP8266

A LUA-based open-source firmware called NodeMCU was created for the ESP8266 Wi-Fi chip. By investigating ESP8266
chip functionality, NodeMCU firmware arrives

with ESP8266 Development board. Since NodeMCU is open-source platform, their

hardware design is open for edit/modify/build. NodeMCU board consists of ESP8266

Wi-Fi enabled chip. Expressive invented the inexpensive Wi-Fi chip known as the ESP8266.

Figure-3.1: Node MCU8266 Wifi Module.

Figure-3.2: Pin diagram of Node MCU8266 Wifi Module.

NodeMCU Development Kit has Arduino like Analog (i.e. A0) and Digital (D0-D8) pins

on its board. It supports serial communication protocols i.e. UART, SPI, I2C. Using
Using

we can connect it to serial devices like I2C-capable LCD display using such serial protocols, Magnetometer HMC5883,
MPU-6050Gyrometer,Accelerometer, RTC chips,

SD cards, touch screen monitors, GPS modules, etc.

3.1.2 SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR

Basically soil moisture is the amount of water that is present in the soil. A soil moisture sensor that comprises of two
conducting probes that function as a probe can be used to measure this. Based on the change, it can calculate the soil's
moisture content between the two conducting plates, in resistance. The resistance between the two conducting plates and
the amount of moisture in the soil are inversely related. The moisture sensor is used to gauge the soil's moisture level.

The module output is at a high level when there is a water scarcity in the soil; otherwise, it is at a low level. This sensor
monitors the moisture level of the soil and serves as a reminder for the user to water their plants. Agriculture, agricultural
irrigation, and botanical gardening have all made extensive use of it.

▪ Working Voltage: 5V

▪ Working Current:

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