NAME: Katrina Marie C.

Amay
SUBJECT: Science 7
DATE: March 8, 2022

Competency: Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem

(forest ecosystem).

Skill: Describe

Content: Different Ecological Relationship

Context: Forest Ecosystem

LEARNING EPISODE 1

A. Motivation

1. Today we will describe the different ecological relationships found in an

ecosystem.
2. It is important to describe the different ecological relationships found in an
ecosystem in order to understand how organisms benefit or harm each other in an
ecosystem.
3. At the end of the lesson, you are going to describe the different ecological
relationships found in an ecosystem.

B. Probe and Respond

1. Definition of Terms:
a. Ecology -the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to
one another and to their physical surroundings.
b. Ecosystem - a biological community of interacting organisms and their
physical environment.
c. Host - an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism
lives.
d. Mutual - having the same specified relationship to each other
e. Organism - an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
f. Parasite - an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its
host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense.
g. Predator - an animal that naturally preys on others.
h. Prey - an animal that is hunted and killed by another for food.
i. Relation - the way in which two or more concepts, objects, or people are
connected; a thing's effect on or relevance to another.
Definitions from Oxford Languages
Ecological relationship - the interaction among the biotic components of an
ecosystem.
 Different Types of Ecological Relationships:
1. Mutualism - is defined as an interaction between individuals of different
species that results in positive (beneficial) effects on per capita
reproduction and/or survival of the interacting populations.
“mutual” - feeling the same emotion, or doing the same thing to or for
each other.
2. Commensalism - is a type of relationship between two living organisms in
which one organism benefits from the other without harming it.
“commensal” - eating together at the same table.
- (Sociology) a person or group not competing while
residing in or occupying the same area as another
individual or group having independent or different
values or customs.
“host” - an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal
organism lives.
- a person who receives or entertains other people as
guests.
3. Competition - the struggle among organisms, both of the same and of
different species, for food, space, and other vital requirements.
“competition” - rivalry between two or more persons or groups for an
object desired in common, usually resulting in a victor and a loser but
not necessarily involving the destruction of the latter.
4. Parasitism - the practice of living as a parasite in or on another organism.
“parasite” - an organism that lives on or in an organism of another
species, known as the host, from the body of which it obtains nutriment.
“host” - an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal
organism lives.
- a person who receives or entertains other people as
guests.
5. Predation - the preying of one animal on others.
“predator” - an animal that naturally preys on others.
- a person or group that ruthlessly exploits others.
“prey” - an animal that is hunted or killed by another animal for food.
- a person that is helpless and unable to escape attack.
LEARNING EPISODE 2: MODELLING/COACHING

1. The teacher will demonstrate to the students how to describe the first and second
ecological relationship.
2. The teacher will present and analyze a picture and describe the relationship each
organism has.

ECOLOGICAL
RELATIONSHIP IMAGE ORGANISMS INVOLVED DESCRIPTION
 Rat
Owl Prey- animal
Predator- being captured
Predation
animal that
capture Predation is an
- ecological
+ relationship
where one
organism
Snake Lizard captures and
consumes
+ - another
organism.

Caterpillar Caterpillar
Competition is
Competition an ecological
relationship
where
organisms
compete for the
same needs in
their
environment.

Trees Small plants eg. Water,

nutrient, food,
space, or light.

The teacher says, “This time class, I want you to listen and observe how I describe the
ecological relationships.

The first ecological relationship is predation. In our first picture, we can see an owl eating a
rat. The organism that eats and kills is called the predator while the organism being killed
and eaten is called prey. The predator benefited in the relationship thus we can write a plus
sign while the prey is harmed thus it is assigned with a negative sign.

In other words, we can describe Predation this way:

Predation is an ecological relationship where an organism captures and eats another

organism.
 For you to easily describe the different ecological relationships, I want you to follow this
pattern.

Term + verb + general term + relative pronoun + specific description

Let us go back to our description on Predation and see if the pattern is followed.

Predation is an ecological relationship where an organism captures and eats another organism.
Term verb general term relative ok pang..specific description
pronoun
This time, let us altogether describe the ecological relationship as shown in the second
picture.

The second ecological relationship is competition. In the picture we can see caterpillars
compete among each other in one leaf at the same time. The caterpillars compete for space
and food.

The teacher will call student/students to describe the ecological relationship presented in the
second picture by following the pattern presented.

Term + verb + general term + relative pronoun + specific description

Expected answer: Competition is an ecological relationship where organisms compete

for the same needs in their environment.

Competition can either happen in the same species just like in first picture, or
between/among different species just like in pictures 2 and 3.”

LEARNING EPISODE 2: GUIDED PRACTICE

 The students will be paired. Each pair will complete the remaining table by providing
the description of the ecological relationship based on the picture given. They will also
assign a positive sign(+) for benefited, negative sign(-) for harmed, and zero(0) for
unaffected.

ECOLOGICAL
RELATIONSHIP IMAGE ORGANISMS INVOLVED DESCRIPTION

Flower Bee
+ +

Mutualism is an
ecological
Mutualism relationship where
both organisms
benefit from each
Tree Ant other.
+ +

LEARNING EPISODE 3: INDEPENDENT PRACTICE

 Commensalism is
Tree Lichens
an ecological
0 + relationship where
one organism is
Commensalism benefited while
the other is
unaffected
(neither harmed
nor benefited).
Vermiliad Gaudy Leaf
Frog
0 +

Parasite-the Host-the
Parasitism benefited harmed
organism organism
Parasitism is an
ecological
Mistletoe Tree relationship where
+ - one organism is
benefited while
the other
organism is
Tick Deer harmed but not
+ - necessarily die.

Worm Animals
+ -

1. Each student will complete the table by describing the ecological relationship in an
ecosystem as shown in the pictures given. They will also assign a positive sign for benefited,
negative sign for harmed, and 0 for unaffected.

ECOLOGICAL
RELATIONSHIP IMAGE ORGANISMS INVOLVED DESCRIPTION
Directions: Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem as
shown in the pictures.

LEARNING EPISODE 4: EVALUATION

Independent practice serves as evaluation.
Possible Remedial Activity
Directions: Identify what ecological relationship is shown in each picture and give
description for each item by following the pattern.
Term + verb + general term + relative pronoun + specific description

Predation Competition Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

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3.

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4.

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5.

Prepared by
KATRINA MARIE C. AMAY
Teacher I

Observed by
MARIA LUCINITA T. MANTAWIL
Secondary School Principal I