1

Beaconhouse School System

Cantt Campus, Lahore
Paper 2 Summer 18-15 (Group 2 )

Name :______________ Class/Section :_________

Time Allowed: 40 Minutes Date:___/____/___ Maximum Marks 30

_____________________________________________________________________

1 A balloon contains a fixed mass of gas.

(a) Explain, in terms of the momentum of molecules, how the gas in the balloon exerts a pressure.

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...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Explain, in terms of molecules, why the pressure of the gas increases when the volume of the
balloon decreases. The temperature of the gas is constant.

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...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) The initial volume of the gas is 500 cm3 and its pressure is 1.1 # 105 Pa. The volume is
reduced to 200 cm3. The temperature of the gas is constant.

Calculate the new pressure.

pressure = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 6]
2 An experiment is carried out to find the acceleration of free fall.

A strip of paper is attached to a heavy object. The object is dropped and falls to the ground, pulling
the paper strip through a timer. The timer marks dots on the paper strip at intervals of 0.020 s.

Fig. 2.1 shows a section of the paper strip with the first three dots marked. The first dot on the
paper strip, labelled A, is marked at the instant the object is dropped.

0.0076 m
A 0.0019 m

paper strip

Fig. 2.1 (not to scale)

(a) State how the dots on the paper strip show that the object is accelerating.

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...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Calculate the average speed of the object

(i) in the first 0.020 s after the object is dropped,

average speed = .............................................................

(ii) in the second 0.020 s after the object is dropped.

average speed = .............................................................

[2]

(c) Use the results from (b) to calculate the acceleration of the falling object.

acceleration = .........................................................[2]

[Total: 5]
3 A rocket, initially at rest on the ground, accelerates vertically.

It accelerates uniformly until it reaches a speed of 900 m / s after 30 s.

After this period of uniform acceleration, the rocket engine cuts out. During the next 90

(a) On Fig. 3.1, plot a speed-time graph for the rocket for the first 120 s of its flight.

speed
m/s

time / s

Fig. 3.1 [3]

(b) Using the graph,

(i) calculate the acceleration during the first 30 s,

acceleration = .................................................. [2]

 (ii) determine the height reached by the rocket after 120 s.

height reached = .................................................. [2]

[Total: 7]
4 Radon-220 is a radioactive isotope.

(a) A nucleus of radon-220 decays to an isotope of polonium (Po) by emitting an alpha particle.

Complete the nuclide equation for the decay of radon-220.

220
86Rn
→ ...........
...........
α + ...........
...........
Po
[3]

(b) A detector of radiation is placed near a sample of radon-220 and gives a reading of
720 counts / s. The half-life of radon-220 is 55 s.

Calculate the reading after 220 s. Ignore background radiation.

reading = ................................................................. [2]

[Total: 5]
5 (a) The graph in Fig. 5.1 represents a wave on a rope.

8.0
vertical
position / cm

6.0

4.0

2.0

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
distance along rope / cm

Fig. 5.1

Using Fig.5 .1, determine

(i) the amplitude of the wave,

amplitude = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) the wavelength of the wave.

wavelength = ...........................................................[1]
(b) A wave travelling on the surface of water has a wavelength of 2.5 cm and a speed of 8.0 cm / s.

Calculate the frequency of the wave.

frequency = ...........................................................[1]

(c) The wave in (b) approaches a barrier that has a large gap in its centre.

Fig. 5.2 shows the crests of the wave viewed from above.

barrier
gap

direction
of wave
travel

wave crest barrier

Fig. 5.2

The gap in the barrier is larger than the wavelength λ.

(i) On Fig. 5.2, draw the pattern formed by three crests after the wave passes through the
gap in the barrier. [2]

(ii) Water is added to the tank and the speed of a wave in the deeper water is greater
than that in the shallower water. The frequency of the wave remains constant but its
wavelength is different.

1. State and explain how the wavelength in the deeper water has changed.

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................................................................................................................................[1]

2. Apart from the change in wavelength, describe one other difference in the pattern
formed by the crests after the wave passes through the gap.

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[Total: 7]