Justification of the Program Selected: The program in Genetics and Plant Improvement has been

selected due to its importance in addressing the global challenges of food security, climate
change, and sustainable agriculture. By studying genetics and plant improvement, we can
develop innovative approaches to enhance crop productivity, nutritional value, and resilience to
biotic and abiotic stresses. This program equips students with the knowledge and skills to
contribute to the development of improved crop varieties, conservation of plant genetic
resources, and sustainable agricultural practices.

Central Theme and Research Problem: The central theme of the study is to investigate the
genetic and molecular basis of plant traits and utilize this knowledge to improve crop plants. The
research problem focuses on understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying important
agronomic traits such as yield, disease resistance, stress tolerance, and nutritional quality. The
study aims to address the challenge of developing improved crop varieties that meet the needs
of farmers, consumers, and the environment.

Delimitation and Justification of the Object of Study: The study will focus on a specific crop or a
group of related crops based on their economic and agricultural significance in the country of
origin. The object of study could be a particular trait or set of traits relevant to the research
problem, such as drought tolerance in maize or disease resistance in wheat. This delimitation
allows for a targeted investigation of the genetic factors influencing the selected traits,
facilitating the development of improved varieties with desired characteristics.

Bibliographic Review: A comprehensive bibliographic review will be conducted to examine

existing literature on plant genetics, plant breeding, molecular markers, and related topics. This
review will encompass scientific articles, research papers, reviews, and relevant publications.
The aim is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of knowledge, identify
research gaps, and determine appropriate methodologies and techniques for the study.

Methodological Process: The study will involve a combination of genetic analysis, molecular
marker technologies, and plant breeding techniques. Molecular markers such as SSRs (Simple
Sequence Repeats), SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms), and genotyping-by-sequencing will
be used to identify genetic variations associated with the target traits. These markers will aid in
mapping and identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for the trait variation. Plant
breeding techniques such as backcrossing, selection, and marker-assisted breeding will be
employed to introgress the desired traits into elite cultivars.

Timeline:

around one year and 6 mounth , its depend of the chosen crop