Group 2

Agdeppa, Louella Mae Organo, Kimberly Faye

Balubar, Elden Joyce Ramos, Tristan Nicole
Cabbab, Michelle Joy Tabag, Angela
Collado, Jantrix Ace Tolentino, Pamela Joyce
Dyquiangco, Erisal Marie Valencia, Ivy Anne
Labuni, Andrea Janella Yadao, Calvin Keith
Mosico, Remigio
 Your
GAS STATION BODY
GAS PUMP = HEART
HOSE =
VASCULATURE
=
 CAR
=
TISSUES/ORGANS
also known as "Cardiac Shock"

Occurs when the heart is unable to supply

enough blood to the vital organs of the body.

As a result of the failure of the heart to pump

enough nutrients to the body, blood pressure
and organs may begin to fail.

Cardiogenic Shock is rare but when it occurs, it

can be life threatening
STAGES OF
CARDIOGENIC SHOCK
Stages range from being at risk to
being very ill:
At risk (A): Heart disease,
such as heart attack or heart
failure, but no signs of shock.
Beginning (B): Low blood
pressure or heart rate.
Classic (C): Need for medicine
or devices to help get blood to
organs.
Deteriorating (D): Not
responding to medicine or
devices and getting worse.
Extremis (E): Cardiac arrest
that needs CPR, ventilator and
defibrillator.
 CAUSES

Lack of oxygen to the heart, usually from a heart

attack, damages its main pumping chamber (left
ventricle). Without oxygen-rich blood flowing to that
area of your heart, the heart muscle can weaken and go
into cardiogenic shock.
Damage to right ventricle, which sends blood to lungs to
get oxygen, can lead to cardiogenic shock.
 OTHER POSSIBLE CAUSES INCLUDE:

CAUSES Inflammation of the heart

muscle (myocarditis)
Infection of the heart valves
(endocarditis)
Weakened heart from any cause
Drug overdoses or poisoning
with substances that can affect
your heart's pumping ability
 RISK FACTORS
01 Age: 75 years old or older
02 Sex: More common in women
than men

03 Heart and blood vessel

problem

Cardiogenic Shock
04 Diabetes
05 Overweight or Obesity
06 History of Coronary Artery
Bypass Grafting (CABG)
07 Long term valvular disease
 Signs and Symptoms

HEART: weak, not pumping blood efficiently

Pulmonary edema
Dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
Low O2 levels in the blood
Increased RR and HR
Weak peripheral pulses
Low SBP <90 mmHg
Chest pain
 Signs and Symptoms

BRAIN: drop in CPP (cerebral perfusion pressure)

Mental Status (confusion, agitation)

KIDNEY: activate RAS=keep sodium and H2O

Low urinary output (oliguria)

SKIN:
cold, cool, clammy, pale
low capillary refill
Pathophysiology
 Complications
01. Damage to organs 04. Stroke
such as your brain,
liver and kidneys

02. Cardiac arrest 05. Death

03. Abnormal heart rhythms

Although the chances of surviving cardiogenic shock have improved

over time, 50% to 75% of people don’t survive it. Without — and even
with — treatment, the condition can be fatal.
TREATMENT &
MANAGEMENT
Emergency Treatment:
IV Medications that increase heart pumping ability,
reduces risk of clot, and support heart function:
Vasopressors, Inotropic Agents, Aspirin, Anti-platelet
medication, other blood-thinning medication

Oxygen support
TREATMENT &
MANAGEMENT

Surgeries and other procedures:

focuses to restore blood flow through heart:
Angioplasty and Stenting
Balloon pump
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
(ECMO)
TREATMENT &
MANAGEMENT
Surgeries and other procedures:
if medications and other procedures don't work:
Heart valve repair or replacement (Valve problem)
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) (several blocked
coronary arteries)
Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD)
Heart Transplant
 NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
To prevent recurrence, identifying at-risk patients
early, promoting adequate oxygenation of the heart
muscle, and decreasing cardiac workload can
prevent cardiogenic shock.

Fluids. IV infusions must be observed closely because

tissue necrosis and sloughing may occur if
vasopressor medications infiltrate the tissues, and it is
also necessary to monitor the I&O.

 NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Hemodynamic status. Arterial lines and ECG
monitoring equipment must be well maintained and
functioning; changes in hemodynamic, cardiac, and
pulmonary status and laboratory values are
documented and reported; and adventitious breath
sounds, changes in cardiac rhythm, and other
abnormal physical assessment findings are reported
immediately.

 NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Intra-aortic balloon counter pulsation. The nurse makes
ongoing timing adjustments of the balloon pump to
maximize its effectiveness by synchronizing it with the
cardiac cycle.

Enhance safety and comfort. Administering of

medication to relieve chest pain, preventing infection,
protecting the skin, and monitoring respiratory and
renal functions help in safeguarding and enhancing the
comfort of the patient.

 NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Arterial blood gas. Monitor ABG values to measure
oxygenation and detect acidosis from poor tissue
perfusion.

Positioning. If the patient is on the IABP, reposition

him often and perform passive range of motion
exercises to prevent skin breakdown, but don’t flex the
patient’s “ballooned” leg at the hip because this may
displace or fracture the catheter.

NURSING
DIAGNOSIS
Impaired Gas Exchange related to
changes in the alveolar-capillary
membrane

Decreased Cardiac Output related to

Dysrhythmias

Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to

reduction/cessation of blood flow
NURSING
DIAGNOSIS

Excess Fluid Volume related to Decrease

in renal organ perfusion /Increased
sodium and water retention /Hydrostatic
pressure increase or decrease plasma
proteins.

Anxiety related to Fear of death

Thank
you!