<Air Pollution Monitoring System>

A Project Work Synopsis

Submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE WITH SPECIALIZATION IN
BUSINESS SYSTEM
Submitted by:
ANUSHKA SINGH(21CBS1001)
MUKTA TEHRI(21CBS1003)
RAHUL RAJ SINGH(21CBS1029)
ADITYA AMITABH(21CBS1033)

Under the Supervision of:

Prof. Dr.Gurwinder Singh

CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY, GHARUAN, MOHALI - 140413,

PUNJAB
September, 2022

1
 Abstract

Nowadays air pollution has turned out to be one of the significant issues because of increment in the
quantity of vehicles and during the time spent industrialization and urbanization. This expansion in
the level of contamination brings about destructive consequences for prosperity. This project
explains the depiction and execution of an Air Pollution detection system. The innovation grasped
here, is a hands-on execution of the idea of Internet of Things. This detailed work is an exploration
of the possibilities of consumption of this innovation, in this world, where natural well-being is
turning into a genuine risk. The work is actualized utilizing microcontroller board of Arduino. In
this project I am going to make an IoT based Air Pollution Detection Monitoring System in which I
will monitor the Air Quality over a web server using ESP8266 Wi-Fi device and will a trigger
alarm when the air quality goes down a certain level means when there is amount of harmful gases
is present in the air like CO2. It will show the air quality in PPM (Parts Per Million) as like “Fresh
Air”, “Poor Air”, “Danger Air” on LCD and webpage so that I can monitor it very easily.

Keywords: Internet of Things, Pollution, Air, Parts per Million, Quality and Metrics.

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 Table of Contents

Title Page i
Abstract ii
1. Introduction
1.1 Problem Definition
1.2 Project Overview
1.3 Hardware Specification
1.4 Software Specification
2. Literature Survey
2.1 Existing System
2.2 Proposed System
2.3 Literature Review Summary
3. Problem Formulation
4. Research Objective
5. Methodologies
6. Experimental Setup
7. Conclusion
8. Tentative Chapter Plan for the proposed work
9. Reference

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 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem Definition
The problem that the "Air Pollution Monitoring System" aims to address is the increasing level of air pollution
that is causing severe health and environmental problems. Air pollution is a major concern globally and is
caused by various human activities such as transportation, industrial activities, and burning of fossil fuels.
Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause respiratory problems, heart diseases, and even cancer.
Moreover, air pollution also contributes to climate change and other environmental problems.

The existing methods of air pollution monitoring are limited and not very effective. Most of the current
methods involve taking periodic measurements at selected locations, which does not provide real-time data on
air pollution levels. As a result, concerned authorities are not able to take necessary actions to control air
pollution in a timely manner.

Therefore, there is a need for an effective air pollution monitoring system that can provide continuous real-
time data on air pollution levels. The proposed system aims to address this problem by developing a system
that can measure air pollution levels continuously, store the data in a database, and provide alerts to
concerned authorities in case of a sudden increase in pollution levels. This system will help in controlling air
pollution by providing accurate data to concerned authorities, which will enable them to take necessary
actions to reduce air pollution levels.

1.2 Problem Overview

Air pollution is a major problem worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health and the environment.
The sources of air pollution are varied and include emissions from vehicles, industries, and burning of fossil
fuels. Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause respiratory problems, heart diseases, and even cancer.
Moreover, air pollution also contributes to climate change and other environmental problems.

The current methods of air pollution monitoring are limited and not very effective. Most of the current
methods involve taking periodic measurements at selected locations, which does not provide real-time data on
air pollution levels. As a result, concerned authorities are not able to take necessary actions to control air
pollution in a timely manner.

The proposed "Air Pollution Monitoring System" aims to address this problem by developing a system that can
measure air pollution levels continuously, store the data in a database, and provide alerts to concerned
authorities in case of a sudden increase in pollution levels. The system will use sensors to measure the levels
of pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon
monoxide (CO) in real-time. The data collected by the sensors will be transmitted to a cloud server and stored
in a database for analysis and reporting. A web-based dashboard will be developed to monitor the pollution
levels in different areas and generate reports.

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 The proposed system will help in controlling air pollution by providing accurate and reliable data to
concerned authorities. This data will enable them to take necessary actions to reduce air pollution levels and
protect human health and the environment. Overall, the "Air Pollution Monitoring System" is a crucial step
towards controlling air pollution and improving the quality of life for people.

1.3 Hardware Specification

The "Air Pollution Monitoring System" will consist of several hardware components. The hardware
specification for each component is as follows:

1. Sensors: The system will use different sensors to measure the levels of pollutants such as
particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO).
The sensors should have the following specifications:
 PM sensor: can measure PM2.5 and PM10 particles, with a measurement range of 0-500 µg/m3.
 NO2 sensor: can measure NO2 levels, with a measurement range of 0-20 ppm.
 SO2 sensor: can measure SO2 levels, with a measurement range of 0-20 ppm.
 CO sensor: can measure CO levels, with a measurement range of 0-1000 ppm.

1. Microcontroller: A microcontroller will be used to process the data collected by the sensors and
transmit it to the cloud server. The microcontroller should have the following specifications:
 Processor: ARM Cortex-M4 processor.
 Memory: 128 KB flash memory and 16 KB SRAM.
 Connectivity: Wi-Fi and Ethernet connectivity.
Cloud server: A cloud server will be used to store the data collected by the sensors. The cloud
server should have the following specifications:
 Storage: At least 1 GB of storage space.
 Operating system: Linux operating system.
 Connectivity: High-speed internet connectivity.

1. Power supply: The system will be powered using a 12V DC power supply. The power supply should
have the following specifications:
 Input voltage: 100-240V AC, 50/60Hz.
 Output voltage: 12V DC.

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 Output current: 2A.

1. Enclosure: The system will be enclosed in a weatherproof enclosure to protect it from the
environment. The enclosure should have the following specifications:
 Material: High-quality plastic or metal.
 Dimensions: At least 30 cm x 20 cm x 10 cm.
 Protection rating: IP65 or higher.

Overall, the hardware components of the "Air Pollution Monitoring System" should be of high
quality and reliable to ensure accurate and continuous monitoring of air pollution levels

1.4 Software Specification

Software Specification for Air Pollution Monitoring System :

Overview:

The Air Pollution Monitoring System is a software application that monitors air
quality in a specific area by measuring the levels of pollutants such as particulate
matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone. The system will
collect data from multiple sensors located throughout the area, process the data, and
display the results on a user-friendly dashboard.

Functional Requirements:

Sensor Integration:

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The software must integrate with multiple sensors to collect data on air quality. The
sensors must be capable of measuring various pollutants and should be located in
different areas within the specified region.

Data Collection and Processing:

The software must collect data from the sensors at regular intervals, process it, and
store it in a database. The processing should include filtering and normalization of
data to ensure that the readings are accurate.

Real-time Monitoring:

The software must provide real-time monitoring of air quality levels. It should display
the readings from the sensors on a user-friendly dashboard that can be accessed
remotely by authorized users.

Alerts and Notifications:

The software should provide alerts and notifications to users when air quality levels
exceed predefined thresholds. These alerts should be sent via email, SMS, or in-app
notifications.

Historical Data Analysis:

The software should provide tools to analyze historical data to identify trends and
patterns in air quality. It should also allow users to generate reports and
visualizations to facilitate decision-making.

Integration with External Systems:

The software should be able to integrate with external systems such as weather data
providers, traffic monitoring systems, and emergency response systems to provide a
more comprehensive understanding of air quality conditions.

Non-functional Requirements:

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Security:

The software must be secure and protect user data from unauthorized access. It
should implement industry-standard encryption and authentication protocols.

Performance:

The software must be able to handle a large volume of data and provide real-time
monitoring without delay. It should also be able to scale to accommodate an
increasing number of sensors and users.

Reliability:

The software should be highly reliable and minimize downtime. It should have
mechanisms in place to detect and handle errors, and should provide redundancy in
case of system failures.

Usability:

The software should be user-friendly and easy to navigate. It should provide clear and
concise information to users and be accessible on multiple devices.

Maintainability:

The software should be easy to maintain and upgrade. It should have modular
architecture to facilitate changes and updates without affecting the overall system.

Conclusion:

The Air Pollution Monitoring System is a critical application for maintaining air
quality and protecting public health. The software specification outlined above
provides a framework for developing a robust and reliable system that meets the
functional and non-functional requirements of the project. With this software, users
can monitor air quality in real-time, receive alerts and notifications when air quality
levels exceed thresholds, and analyze historical data to make informed decisions.

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2. LITERATURE SURVEY
1. Air pollution monitoring systems are becoming increasingly popular due to the rise in air pollution levels
around the world. These systems use various sensors to collect data on air quality and pollutants, and then
analyze and report this data to relevant stakeholders. In this literature survey, we will review some of the
recent research on air pollution monitoring systems.

2."Development of Low-Cost Air Pollution Monitoring System Using IoT and Machine Learning" by P. V. Arun
et al. (2021) - This paper presents a low-cost air pollution monitoring system that uses IoT and machine
learning to analyze air quality data. The system uses low-cost sensors to collect data, which is then analyzed
using machine learning algorithms to identify pollution sources and patterns. The system was tested in
Chennai, India, and achieved an accuracy of 96%.

3."Design and Implementation of a Real-Time Air Pollution Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor
Network" by S. S. Sridhar et al. (2020) - This paper presents a real-time air pollution monitoring system that
uses wireless sensor networks to collect and transmit air quality data. The system uses low-cost sensors and a
Raspberry Pi board to collect data, which is then transmitted wirelessly to a server for analysis. The system
was tested in Bangalore, India, and achieved a high degree of accuracy in identifying pollution sources.

4."A Review of Air Quality Monitoring Systems and Technologies" by A. C. Mendez et al. (2020) - This paper
provides a comprehensive review of air quality monitoring systems and technologies, including the use of
low-cost sensors, remote sensing, and satellite data. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of
these systems, such as accuracy and calibration issues.

5."Air Pollution Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things Technology" by F. Hu et al. (2019) - This
paper presents an air pollution monitoring system that uses IoT technology to collect and analyze air quality
data. The system uses low-cost sensors and a wireless network to collect data, which is then analyzed using a
cloud-based platform. The system was tested in Beijing, China, and achieved high accuracy in identifying
pollution sources and patterns.

6."An IoT-Based Air Pollution Monitoring System with Machine Learning Algorithms" by R. A. Othman et al.
(2019) - This paper presents an IoT-based air pollution monitoring system that uses machine learning
algorithms to analyze air quality data. The system uses low-cost sensors and a wireless network to collect
data, which is then analyzed using machine learning algorithms to identify pollution sources and patterns.
The system was tested in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and achieved a high degree of accuracy in identifying
pollution sources.

7.Overall, these studies demonstrate the potential of air pollution monitoring systems to improve our
understanding of air quality and help reduce pollution levels. However, further research is needed to address
the challenges and limitations of these systems, such as calibration issues and the need for accurate and
reliable sensors

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 2.1 Existing System
The existing air pollution monitoring systems vary in their design and implementation depending on the
location, the pollutants of concern, and the required data collection frequency. In general, the existing
systems include a network of air quality monitoring stations that use a variety of sensors to measure
pollutant concentrations in the air. The sensors can detect various pollutants such as particulate matter,
ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide.

The existing systems also typically utilize data collection and transmission protocols to relay the collected
data to a centralized data management and analysis system. The data management and analysis system
can then process the data to generate air quality reports, alert stakeholders about potential pollution
events, and support research into air pollution impacts and mitigation strategies.

Examples of existing air pollution monitoring systems include the US Environmental Protection Agency's
Air Quality System (AQS), the European Union's Air Quality e-Reporting system, and the National Clean Air
Programme in India. These systems rely on a combination of traditional air quality monitoring techniques,
such as manual sampling and analysis, and newer approaches, such as remote sensing and satellite-based
monitoring.

Despite the existing air pollution monitoring systems' effectiveness, some limitations remain, including cost
and maintenance challenges, data quality issues, and the need for increased spatial and temporal
resolution of air quality data. These limitations suggest the need for continuous improvement and
innovation in the development of air pollution monitoring systems.

2.2 Proposed System

The proposed air pollution monitoring system project aims to address some of the limitations of existing
systems by designing a low-cost, high-resolution, and adaptable system for air quality monitoring. The
proposed system will use a combination of low-cost sensors, IoT technologies, and big data analytics to
collect, analyze, and report real-time air quality data.

The proposed system will consist of a network of air quality monitoring stations equipped with low-cost
sensors capable of detecting various air pollutants. The data collected by these sensors will be transmitted
to a centralized data management and analysis system through an IoT network. The data management and
analysis system will use big data analytics techniques to process the data, generate air quality reports, and
provide stakeholders with real-time alerts about pollution events.

7
The proposed system will also include a user-friendly interface that provides stakeholders with easy access
to air quality data and visualization tools. The interface will allow users to view real-time and historical air
quality data, analyze data trends, and identify pollution sources.

The experimental setup for the proposed system will be designed to provide accurate and reliable data
collection while being cost-effective and adaptable to changing monitoring requirements. The system will
be capable of detecting multiple pollutants and can be customized to monitor specific pollutants of
concern in different locations.

Overall, the proposed air pollution monitoring system project aims to contribute to improving public
health and environmental sustainability by providing stakeholders with real-time air quality data and
supporting research into air pollution impacts and mitigation strategies

2.3 Literature Review Summary (Minimum 7 articles should refer)

The literature review on air pollution monitoring systems reveals that such systems are crucial for tracking
air quality, identifying pollution sources, assessing health risks, and implementing effective mitigation
strategies. The review highlights that air pollution monitoring systems utilize various sensors and data
collection protocols, including IoT and big data analysis, to provide real-time data on pollutant
concentrations. The review also emphasizes the importance of building a monitoring network and
providing stakeholder access to the data collected.

In addition, the literature review highlights that the air pollution monitoring system project has the
potential to contribute to improving public health and environmental sustainability. The review concludes
that the experimental setup for such a system should be designed to provide accurate and reliable data
collection, data storage, data analysis, and data visualization, and should be adaptable to changing
environmental conditions and monitoring requirements. The Indian references also emphasize the
importance of air pollution monitoring in India and the need for low-cost and efficient monitoring systems
for smart cities.

8
 Tools/
Year and Article/ Evaluation
Softwar Technique Source
Citation Author Parameter
e

Anthropogeni Accuracy:
c Sources The system
Ambient Air should be
Quality
Anthropogeni able to
Monitoring:
This is the c sources are accurately
most widely
those that measure
used
technique for include the
monitoring human concentrati
air pollution.
It involves activities. The ons of
measuring anthropogeni different
the
c activities pollutants
concentratio
n of various are in the air.
pollutants in
agricultural This can be
the air at
specific systems, evaluated
locations transportatio by
over time
using sensors n, residential comparing
and houses, the
instruments.
industrial readings
The data
collected is process, from the
used to
power plants, monitoring
assess the air
quality in the fossil fuel system
area and combustion, with
Mohd identify
sources of waste readings
Nazri
Mohd pollution. incineration, from a
Warip, Iot and reference
pesticides,
and Mohd machine
(2019) Shahrieel learning herbicides, instrument

9
 solid waste, .

etc.

Remote
Sensing:
This
techniqu
e
involves
using
satellites
and other
remote
sensing Biological
devices
to Sources
measure
wireless air
Vishnu
sensing, pollution.
Biological
Kumar, and
network This is sources of air
Sanjay Kum
manageme useful for
ar pollution
nt monitori
ng large include living
areas and organisms
identifyi
ng such as
sources bacteria, Precision: The system
of should be able to provide
pollution
fungi, viruses, consistent and
that are mites, reproducible
difficult measurements over time.
cockroaches,
to detect This can be evaluated by
with etc. comparing readings
other taken at different times
(202
techniqu and under different
0) es. conditions.

10
 iot and big Natural
data
Sources
analytics

Natural
sources of air
Emission
Monitoring: pollution
This include
Sensitivity:
technique natural
involves The system
phenomena
measuring should be
the amount that happen
of able to
on the Earth
pollutants detect low
such as
released
Bushfires, levels of
into the air
Zhiyuan by wildfires, pollutants
Zhang, Wei industrial
forest fires, that may
Wang processes,
power volcanic be harmful
plants, and eruptions, to human
other sand storms, health.
sources.
This is etc. Other This can be
useful for natural
evaluated
identifying sources are
sources of by
dust particles,
pollution measuring
and organic
the
evaluating compounds,
the system's
inert gases,
effectivenes
detection
s of sea salts, etc.
pollution limits.
control
(2021) measures.

11
3. PROBLEM FORMULATION
The problem that an air pollution monitoring system seeks to address is the need to measure
and analyze air quality in real-time to identify sources of pollution and provide relevant
stakeholders with accurate and timely information to make informed decisions. Air pollution is
a significant environmental and public health concern that can have serious implications for
human health, ecosystems, and the economy. Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause
respiratory problems, cardiovascular disease, and even premature death. Therefore, it is
essential to monitor and track air quality to identify potential sources of pollution and take
appropriate actions to reduce pollution levels.

However, traditional air quality monitoring systems are often expensive, bulky, and require
significant infrastructure to operate. This limits the scope and scalability of air quality
monitoring efforts, especially in developing countries or low-income communities where air
pollution levels can be particularly high. Moreover, these systems often provide delayed and
incomplete information, making it difficult for stakeholders to take timely and informed action
to reduce pollution levels.

To address these challenges, an air pollution monitoring system seeks to provide real-time,
accurate, and comprehensive information on air quality to relevant stakeholders, such as local
governments, environmental agencies, and citizens. This system uses various sensors, data
analytics, and communication technologies to collect and analyze air quality data and generate
actionable insights. The system can be low-cost, scalable, and accessible, allowing for broader
and more inclusive air quality monitoring efforts. By providing stakeholders with accurate and
timely information, an air pollution monitoring system can help reduce pollution levels,
improve public health, and protect the environment

4. OBJECTIVES
The objectives of an air pollution monitoring system are to:
Monitor air quality: The primary objective of an air pollution monitoring system is to
measure and monitor air quality in real-time. This involves collecting data on various
pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and
carbon monoxide (CO).

Analyze data: The system should use data analytics techniques to analyze the collected data
and identify patterns, trends, and sources of pollution. This analysis can help stakeholders
understand the nature and extent of air pollution and take appropriate actions to reduce it.

Provide real-time information: An air pollution monitoring system should provide real-time
information on air quality to relevant stakeholders. This information can be used to issue
alerts and warnings when pollution levels exceed safe limits, and to guide public health
advisories and policy decisions.

Increase public awareness: An air pollution monitoring system should increase public
awareness of air quality and its impact on health and the environment. This can be achieved
through public outreach programs, educational initiatives, and the dissemination of air
quality data through accessible and user-friendly interfaces.

Improve policy-making: The data generated by an air pollution monitoring system can be
used to inform policy-making decisions related to air quality. This includes developing and
enforcing regulations and standards for air quality, identifying sources of pollution, and
evaluating the effectiveness of pollution control measures.

Facilitate international cooperation: Air pollution is a global problem that requires

international cooperation to address. An air pollution monitoring system can help facilitate
this cooperation by sharing air quality data across borders and promoting collaboration on
research and policy-making.

Overall, the objectives of an air pollution monitoring system are to improve public health,
protect the environment, and promote sustainable development by providing accurate and
timely information on air quality to relevant stakeholders.

5. METHODOLOGY:

Defining system requirements: The first step is to define the requirements for the
monitoring system. This includes identifying the pollutants to be monitored, the geographic

13
area to be covered, the frequency of measurements, and the desired level of accuracy and
precision.

Selecting sensors: Next, sensors must be selected that are capable of detecting the
pollutants of interest. This may involve selecting from a range of sensor types, such as
optical, electrochemical, or spectroscopic sensors, depending on the pollutants to be
measured and the environmental conditions in the monitoring area.

Developing data collection protocols: Once the sensors are selected, data collection
protocols must be developed to ensure that the data collected is accurate and reliable. This
may involve calibrating the sensors, developing standard operating procedures for data
collection, and establishing quality control measures.

Building the monitoring network: The monitoring network must be built by deploying the
sensors in the geographic area to be monitored. The network should be designed to provide
comprehensive coverage of the monitoring area and ensure that the data collected is
representative of the air quality in the region.

Developing data management and analysis tools: The data collected by the monitoring
system must be managed and analyzed using appropriate tools and techniques. This may
involve developing data management systems that can handle large volumes of data, data
visualization tools that can help stakeholders understand the data, and data analysis tools
that can identify patterns, trends, and sources of pollution.

Providing stakeholder access: Stakeholders should be provided with access to the air quality
data collected by the monitoring system. This may involve developing user-friendly
interfaces, issuing alerts and warnings when pollution levels exceed safe limits, and
providing public education and outreach programs.

Continuously improving the system: Finally, the air pollution monitoring system should be
continuously improved to ensure that it remains effective and up-to-date. This may involve
upgrading sensors, improving data collection and analysis techniques, and incorporating
feedback from stakeholders.In summary, the methodology for developing an air pollution
monitoring system involves selecting appropriate sensors, developing data collection
protocols, building a monitoring network, developing data management and analysis tools,
providing stakeholder access, and continuously improving the system.

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6. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

The experimental setup for an air pollution monitoring system may vary depending on the specific
requirements of the system, but generally includes the following components:

Sensors: The sensors used for air pollution monitoring may include optical, electrochemical, or
spectroscopic sensors, depending on the pollutants to be measured. The sensors should be selected
based on their accuracy, sensitivity, and response time.

Data loggers: Data loggers are used to collect and store data from the sensors. They may include
built-in storage or transmit data wirelessly to a central server.

Communication network: A communication network is required to transmit data from the sensors
to the central server. This may include wired or wireless networks, such as Wi-Fi, cellular, or
satellite networks.

Central server: The central server is responsible for receiving and processing data from the sensors.
It may also provide data storage, analysis, and visualization tools.

Data management software: Data management software is used to manage and analyze the data
collected by the monitoring system. This may include tools for quality control, data cleaning, and
data analysis.

Display interface: The display interface is used to display the real-time air quality data collected by
the monitoring system. It may include a web-based interface, mobile application, or other user-
friendly display.

Power source: The monitoring system requires a reliable power source to operate continuously.
This may include a battery, solar panels, or other power sources.

Overall, the experimental setup for an air pollution monitoring system should be designed to
provide accurate and reliable data collection, data storage, data analysis, and data visualization. It
should also be designed to be easily scalable and adaptable to changing environmental conditions
and monitoring requirements

7.CONCLUSION
In conclusion, an air pollution monitoring system is an important tool for monitoring and
managing air quality in various settings, including urban and industrial areas, as well as natural
environments. The system can provide real-time data on air pollutant concentrations, which can be

15
used to identify pollution sources, assess the health risks associated with exposure to pollutants,
and implement effective mitigation strategies.

The development of an air pollution monitoring system involves several important steps, including
selecting appropriate sensors, developing data collection protocols, building a monitoring network,
developing data management and analysis tools, providing stakeholder access, and continuously
improving the system. The experimental setup for the system should be designed to provide
accurate and reliable data collection, data storage, data analysis, and data visualization, and should
be adaptable to changing environmental conditions and monitoring requirements.

Overall, the air pollution monitoring system project has the potential to make a significant
contribution to improving public health and environmental sustainability. By providing
stakeholders with real-time data on air quality, the system can help to promote informed decision-
making and facilitate the development of effective pollution mitigation strategies.

8. TENTATIVE CHAPTER PLAN FOR THE PROPOSED WORK

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

This chapter reviews some of the past works in processing and understanding IoT based air pollution
detection monitoring system. Air pollution is not only natural medical matters impact on creating nations
alike. The strong effect of air pollution on wellbeing are extremely mind blowing as there are a broad
area of sources and their particular influence differ from one another. The synthetic substances reason an
assortment of mankind and natural medical issues enlarge in air contamination impacts on condition also
on human wellbeing. The proposed framework unit incorporates an Arduino, MQ135 Gas sensor, LCD
and ESP8266 Wi-Fi Device. Almost all the past and recent works in IoT based on methods that
implement these steps sequentially and independently.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW:

Air Pollution Monitoring System monitors the Air quality over a web server using Internet and will trigger
an alarm when the air quality goes down beyond a certain threshold level, means when there are
sufficient amount of harmful gases present in the air like CO2, smoke, alcohol, benzene, NH3, LPG and
NOx.

In addition, the literature review highlights that the air pollution monitoring system project has the
potential to contribute to improving public health and environmental sustainability. The review concludes

16
that the experimental setup for such a system should be designed to provide accurate and reliable data
collection, data storage, data analysis, and data visualization, and should be adaptable to changing
environmental conditions and monitoring requirements.

CHAPTER 3: OBJECTIVE

To measure and display temperature and humidity level of the environment.

 To combine advanced detection technologies to produce an air quality sensing system with advanced capabilities
to provide low cost comprehensive monitoring.

 To display the sensed data in user friendly format in LCD display pane.

Increase public awareness: An air pollution monitoring system should increase public
awareness of air quality and its impact on health and the environment. This can be achieved
through public outreach programs, educational initiatives, and the dissemination of air quality
data through accessible and user-friendly interfaces.

CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGIES:

The model was designed using an Arduino Uno microcontroller, Wi-Fi module 8266, MQ135 Gas Sensor and a 16
by 2 liquid crystal display (LCD) Screen.

The first layer was the environmental parameters which are obtained by measurement. The second layer was the
study of the characteristics and features of the sensors. The third layer was the decision making, sensing,
measuring, fixing of the threshold valve, periodicity of sensitivity, timing and space. The fourth layer was the
sensor data acquisition. The fifth layer was the ambient intelligence environment. The sensor collected data when
operated by the microcontroller and forwarded it over the internet for analysis via the Wi-Fi module. Users were
able to monitor measured parameters on their smartphones.

CHAPTER 5: EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

Sensors: The sensors used for air pollution monitoring may include optical, electrochemical, or
spectroscopic sensors, depending on the pollutants to be measured. The sensors should be selected
based on their accuracy, sensitivity, and response time.

17
Central server: The central server is responsible for receiving and processing data from the sensors.
It may also provide data storage, analysis, and visualization tools.

Display interface: The display interface is used to display the real-time air quality data collected by
the monitoring system. It may include a web-based interface, mobile application, or other user-
friendly display.

Power source: The monitoring system requires a reliable power source to operate continuously.
This may include a battery, solar panels, or other power sources.

CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE:

The system to monitor the air of environment using Arduino microcontroller, IoT Technology is proposed to
improve quality of air. With the use of IoT technology enhances the process of monitoring various aspects of
environment such as air quality monitoring issue proposed in this paper. Here, using the MQ135 gives the sense of
different type of dangerous gas and Arduino is the heart of this project. Which control the entire process, Arduino
module connects the whole process to LCD and serial monitor is used for the visual Output.

Future Scope :

The future scope is that device which we are having can be done in a compact way by reducing the size of the
device for further implementation or the modifications which can be is that detecting the vehicles amount of
pollution which can be determined. In future the range can be made increased according to the bandwidth for the
high range frequencies. Further research can be made by making the people in the right direction for their welfare.
Therefore, there is another beneficiary by using this device in an app so the all can be used in an GSM mobile
phones for their daily updates by increasing their range.

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REFERENCES :

1.Singh, R. K., Kumar, A., & Singh, R. B. (2019). Design and development of air pollution monitoring system using
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