ENERGY

TRANSFORMATION
(Part 1)
ENERGY
TRANSFORMATION
It is the process in which one
kind of energy changes into
another kind
01
KINETIC-POTENTIAL
ENERGY CHANGES
KINETIC ENERGY vs POTENTIAL ENERGY
KINETIC ENERGY vs POTENTIAL ENERGY
 02
ENERGY CARRYING
MOLECULES
 CHLOROPHYLL

■ It is the green pigment present

in most plants which absorbs
solar energy

■ It helps convert that energy into

chemical energy

■ The primary pigment of

photosynthesis; found in the
thylakoid membranes of
chloroplasts.
 LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTIONS
HAPPEN IN CHLOROPLAST BUT
SPECIFICALLY AT:

- FLUID
OUTSIDE
THE THYLAKOIDS
 NADPH
■ Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
Phosphate Hydrogen
■ It holds chemical energy a bit longer
but soon that energy is used to help
to build sugar
■ It is the reduced form of NADP+
 NADH
■ Nicotinamide Adenine
Dinucleotide Hydrogen
■ Short-term energy carriers
used during cellular
respiration
 FADH2
■ Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide
Hydrogen
■ Short-term energy carriers used
during cellular respiration
 GLUCOSE
■ Empirical Formula: C6H12O6
■ It carries a packet of chemical energy just
the right size for transport and uptake by
cells
■ It is also the carbohydrate produced by
photosynthesis, and as such is the near-
 ATP
■ Adenosine Triphosphate
■ These molecules store smaller
quantities of energy
■ Energy-carrying molecule that cells
use to power their metabolic
processes; energy-currency of the
 03
AUTOTROPHS &
HETEROTROPHS
 AUTOTROPHS
■ Also known as producers
■ They store chemical energy in carbohydrate
food molecules they produce themselves via
photosynthesis
■ Only three groups of organisms - plants,
algae, and some bacteria - are capable of
this life-giving energy transformation
AUTOTROPHS
 HETEROTROPHS
■ Also known as consumers
■ They cannot make their own
food, so they must eat or absorb
it
■ It include all animals and fungi
HETEROTROPHS
 CHEMOAUTOTROPHS

■ An organism that breaks down

either organic or inorganic
molecules to supply energy for the
cell
■ They can either be autotrophic or
heterotrophic
 PHOTOTROPHS
■ An organism that captures
light energy from the sun
and converts it into
chemical energy inside their
cell