THE URBAN SPACE PLANNING:

WHY WE NEED IT?

Prof.Ar. Dr. Julaihi Wahid
Architecture Department
Faculty of Built Environment
University Malaysia Sarawak
Kota Samarahan
SARAWAK
 IF THE PLAN DOESN'T WORK,
CHANGE THE PLAN BUT NEVER THE GOAL

A city is a complex organism-Levi's Strauss

Why Urban Planning
... "we need to maximize the value of our built environment and leverage it to
solve multiple problems at once."
Rae Smith, a senior urban designer based in HOK's San Francisco office,

No one-size-fits-all solutions exist across geographic locations,

as urban planning will increasingly be rooted in local culture.
Cities must be capable of sustaining transformation and
addressing larger issues, including public health, climate
change, and energy generation & to thrive in the future.
Pace of Urbanization
(fasa urbanisasi)
Population Growth
(pertumbuhan penduduk)
Scarcity of Resources to ensure ecological sustainability
(hekurangan sumber utk mengekalkan kelestarian ekologi)
·Wise allocation of land and Utilization
TOWN PLANNING ACT
·Each country is governed by the land use planning system.
·As a guide in the provisions - It provides a statutory power

to the federal and state governments as well as local

authorities to formulate policies, strategies and

measures related to the physical development in general.

·Housing in particular- the role of the planning system in housing

development is divided into two stages, namely the stage of planning
and stage of controlling
·Should planners focus on the physical form
(size, shape, structure, density) and the
material elements of the future regional city
(infrastructure, buildings, open space) better
than the actions on the economy,society,
culture, governance, politics,etc.
·Very few events such as the Covid-19 crisis have led to a rethinking
of large urban structures, to doubt the quality of life of large cities,to
understanding connections amongst health,resilience,
sustainability and prosperity.
·We're back to studying and re-planning such overcrowded spaces derived
from an increasingly numerous social animal who is less and less inclined
to live in liminal areas, to choose marginal and peripheral areas, mountain
and hill villages.
·We have understood that there must be a before and an after in city
life.
 Advantages of Land Use Planning
(kebaikan guna lahan)
*Penduduk meningkat-butuhkan lahan untuk perencanaan dan pembangunan
-lahan untuk perumahan, industry/fabric, sekolah, fasilitas umum.
Terdapat kebaikan yang jelas dalam proses perencanaan lahan-ini termasuk :
·Menyediakan framework untuk pembangunan sebelum ianya dapat dimulakan
·Membantu perancangan dimasa hadapan dalam implementasikan pembangunan dan memberi jangkaan dalam mengatasi risiko
Memberi impak kepada ekonomi kota
Boleh digunakan untuk menentang perubahan iklim
Mengerak dan mempromosi kesedaran dalam penegekalan alam semulajadi dan melindungi lingkungan
Mengelak pembangunan dikawasan yang berisiko tinggi
Mengelak dari impak negative dari pembangunan transportasi untuk mengurangkan pencemaran dan kos
Minimakan risiko kesihatan umum
Mengelakan konflik kegunaan lahan cont/...
HOYT'S SECTOR MODEL

·1939 oleh Homer Hoyt

·Kota membangun berbentuk sektoral bukan cincin (ring)
·Kota membangun selari dengan aktivitas berkembang luaran
(outward) dari pusat (centre), CBD, berbentuk "wedge"
·Kediaman mewah lebih jauh dari pusat kota
·Industri dan perniagaan
HOYT'S SECTOR MODEL
Burgess CONCENTRIC 1923
CONCENTRIC

Pertumbuhan Bandar - industri

·Population concentration
·Job opportunity
·Good transport system
·Centre of commerce/financial/business
·Residential-dwelling typologies
THE FUTURE CITY-METROPOLIS & MEGAPOLIS
·ASEAN Megapolis-Indonesia 5 Megacities,Philippines,
Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia
·Reinvention of the city in the twenty-first century.
·city form since antiquity and an analysis of contemporary
urban issues.
·key elements of urban development, including roads, walls,
water, housing, transportation, and open space, as well as of
cities, engineering, and architectural form as an expression of
political systems
·ASEAN- Colonial Influence
(CITY FORM) ·building boom-economic boom
·recession-shift in activities
Heritage-stagnant
·shift in population
·local and regional
development local issues-underlying
problems and potentials
Always consider the importance of main
city function
The city is also an Economic Organization.
·Urbanization trends,
·functional specialization, and the nature of growth within the city;
· organization of economic activity within the city and its outlying areas,
the organization of the labor market, and problems of urban poverty;
·the urban public economy;
·housing and land-use problems;
·transportation problems; and special problems within the public sector.
SUSTAINABLE ISSUES IN THE CITY
·Examines the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable
urban development - what is there that had been done in Malaysian cities.
·Some of the major themes explored include indicators of sustainability:
urban demographic trends,
environmental justice,
green building,
urban sprawl,
sustainable energy and transportation
global climate change-how serious are we?.
·In addition, the role of information technology (IT -Al, Blockchain) and social networks
is discussed in the context of promoting ideas globally about sustainable development.
MOVING FORWARD
·CITY -Architects & Planners -talking about the LIVEABLE CITY &
Quality of Life :
·Also discussed on issues related to:
-Knowledge City-niche of education sectors in each
city
-Smart Growth City
-Friendly City
-Sustainable City
-Compact City
- Transit Oriented Development
- Neighborhood Cluster
·How the regional city planning would be
enabled and contained after the post COVID-
19 pandemic?
·Very few events such as the Covid-19 crisis have led to a rethinking
of large urban structures, to doubt the quality of life of large cities,to
understanding connections amongst health, resilience,
sustainability and prosperity.
·We're back to studying and re-planning such overcrowded spaces derived
from an increasingly numerous social animal who is less and less inclined
to live in liminal areas, to choose marginal and peripheral areas, mountain
and hill villages.
·We have understood that there must be a before and an after in city life.
LIFE GOES ON

·Existing condition of the city will remain

Covid19 Experienced - 21st-century cities have suddenly appeared to us as a
foreign object, alien to our wellbeing, discónnected from the harmony of nature and humǎn
spírit.
·The economic sector change according to the Malaysian new economic recovery
The Education system will revise the curriculum after the Covid19
·The "path" in the city will change-land transportation
The inter-connectivity within the city will be revised in relation to :
·Land
·Sea
·Air Transport system
The Immigration Law also need to be revised
Land Use planning -revised according to the issue in Urban Design and the City carrying
capacity
·To restore health to our cities and make them
resilient will not be easy.
ISSUES OF THE FUTURE
· public health and community building.
·Creating vibrant downtown districts,
·mixed-use spaces,
·human-powered and intermodal transit systems, and
·green spaces.
· great air quality,
·clean water,
·healthy citizens.
INTERCONNECTIVITY- space syntax analysis
·To move freight, the city will turn to lower-carbon options, including marine
barging and rail; green trucking will improve last-mile delivery of consumer
goods
Factory (manufactured goods) to:
·Sea Port
·Airport
·Central Land Transport Terminal ( Freight)
ENERGY WILL BE RENEWABLE AND BE DECENTRALIZED

·Because buildings are one of the biggest consumers of energy

worldwide, they will become their own decentralized,renewably
generated power plants. Using high-performance façades,
photovoltaic panels, and geothermal and wind energy, buildings will
generate their own energy, while smart technology and the smart grid
will help them share it hyper-efficiently. But new ways of collecting
power won't stop there. "Energy harvesting will be a part of every
surface or surface material we use," says Gianotten. “Sun and
movement-wind, water, and humans-will be used to generate
electricity that will be used to charge the whole city and the mobility
within."
 CITIES WILL BE RESILIENT-OR THEY WILL CEASE TO
EXIST

·In the process- we need to mitigate some of the effects of climate change.
Example Jakarta, and cities along the coast like Miami- infrastructure will have to
be rethought as sea level rise changes the coastline and permeates the aquifer.
Canals, bridges, and offshore solutions can help reinforce resilience, but all
stakeholders must ask what assets they are willing to preserve, adapt, or lose-
and how to do so.
Other regions,will likely suffer further drought.
·In other areas, capturing water from permeable surfaces and collecting and
purifying storm water-another level of critical issues
CONCLUSION
·Pandemic-not permanent
·Reaction towards pandemic - led us to be panic
·City planning will be almost as it is -except additional factors of
design increased
·City developed by the people- people are creative:change and
adapt
·Even if we change according to the pandemic-another strange
atmosphere in the everyday life of non pandemic atmosphere