Celeste, Erica Angel Joy C.
History of Architecture 4
Esquisse #1
Part 1.
FILIPINO SPACE - FUNCTIONS
DWELLINGS
a. Ifugao 1. Silong - also known as the basement of the
ifugao house, this space is underneath the main
house with stone pavement aligned with the
edge of the roof eaves.
2. nundatu - This space is intended for the male
head od the family.
3. na-ulya - the section inside the house is
intended for the wife, which is a space that is
much smaller because of the space for the
punchapalan which is the fireplace.
4. punchapalan - this space is is intended for an
earthen fireplace that is about 3-5 square feet
and has layers of open shelf used for drying
firewood and stacks of rice and preserving other
food supply.
5. palan - also known as the attic, this is the third
level space of an ifugao house used as storage
area for rice grains.
b. Kalinga 1. Sogwas/dola - is the basement of the kalinga
house, it is sometimes used as a working area
2. Daipong - is a space which serves as the
cooking area or where the stove is located, it is
located in the rear corner of the house and
slightly raised aboved the floor.
3. Sipi - is just an elevated space 4 inches from
the main floor and is running from the front to
the rear wall side of the house.
4. Dattagon - this space is the main section of the
house that is elevated to about 1.20 meters from
the floor and is used as living and sleeping area
5. Sagpatan - This space is where the shelf is
located that is fastened on a wall and is used to
hold and store objects
c. Ivatan 1. Rahaung - This space is used as a working area
or to store fish impliments for the ivatan thatch
house
2. Rakuh - This is the main house of the ivatan
stone house that is used for sleeping, eating and
working
3. Ahbu - This is the basement of the ivatan
stone house that is used to store jars, boat and
other things.
4. Paya - This is the shelf or shelves that has its
own space to store cooking utensils and
firewood
5. Kusina - This space is intended for cooking
MATERIALS USED
1. Cogon grass - this bundle of cogon grass is
used for the steep pyramical roof of the
ifugao house, it is used to provide the shade
from the sun and shield from rains
2. logs - is used for the tukud or post of the
house, usually 8-12 inches wide by 6-10 feet
in length and buried abuut 2-3 feet below the
ground
3. Rectangular wooden planks - this is called
as the gaob, with a dimension of 1 and a half
inch thickness with varying widths and heights
vertically fitted in an angle on grooved floor
beams, joists and wall headers
4. Bamboo - usually used as ladder for entry
and exit and is removable and hanged on the
wall for security and protection
1. Bamboo - used for the talob or roof of the
kalinga house, the bamboo is cut into halves
with the lower layer is laid in a concave form
and the upper is in convex arrangement
coverring the the rest
2. Timber - the timber is in a square shape and
as a heavy beam constructed above the apex
of the rafters to provide support for the
rafters and the thick bamboo roofing
3. Cogon grass - used as cover for the space
between the ridge
4. Bamboo strip - is used in the exterior wall
of the house located below the upper floor
that is fixed horizontally
1. Cogon grass - is used for the roof of the
houses
2. nidkel - also known as the reed matt that is
used as the roof undersheeting
3. Stone - this is used for the masonry stone
wall of the ivatan stone house
4. Timber - this is used as the beam and for
the rafter of the stone house
5. Rattan strip - for the thatch ivatan house,
rattan strip is used for the rafters and is tied
to the reed mat
d. Bontoc 1. Tap-an - this space is also known as the
pounding area, this section of the house with
stone pavement and a pounding hole is used for
the task of pounding rice.
2. Soklut - This is the cooking area located at the
left corner of the house, and is intended for
cooking and serves as fireplace that adjoins with
the sleeping area
3. Li-im - This is the most spacious space of the
house because it contains stick rack (patyay) that
is suspended on the wall and the water jam
(panannom) in one corner.
4. Ang-an - this area is for sleeping with reed mat
as bed
5. Falig - this is a one room structure space used
as storage for rice grains.
e. Yakan 1. Kokan - this space is intended to be the
sleeping area inside the yakan house
2. Kosina - a space for the kitchen
3. Angkap - this is also known as the mezzanine
for the girls in the house and is elevated above
the sleeping area
4. Pantan or Simpey - is the area near the door or
also called as the porch of the yakan house
5. Tindakan - is a multi-use living space
f. Maranao 1. Tulang - is a spacious area that is intended for
preparation and cooking activities inside the
house. This space also has the tapan or fish
drying area and laya for storing bamboo
containers2. Sendigan - This serves as the
sultan's area and is located away from the
entrance, this space is provided with a panggao
or the sultan's bed. 3. Lamin - This is a private
space intended for the sultan's daughter and her
attendants. 4. pukananan - this is the dining area
of the house. 5. Pugigaan - this is space is shared
with the pukanan where each member living
inside where they will take their meal and a place
for them to rest/sleep
g. Badjao 1. Stairs - is usually 3 steps above the water to
have an easy access to go inside and work on
water outside. This also serves as their bathroom
by squatting on the first step of the stair and
fetch water from the sea.
2. Madeyon - this pertains to the open and multi-
use space of a badjao house also for sleeping
3. Kitchen - This space is adjacent to the sleeping
area that is marked by the abuhan or stove that
is intended for cooking and preparation
4. Taytayan - this is part of the house that serves
as the catwalk of its own
5. Jambatan - This is the footbridge in the house
that connects with the neighborhood
1. Cogon grass - Used in the roof protecting
the central granary and the living space below
2. Closely-knit reeds - serves as the roof
undersheating as brace for the cogon grass
roof
3. Hand-hewn wooden planks - used as floor
panels of the granary and as wall board as the
primary wall protection
4. Wood branches - tied to the roof beam
above the wall and to the ridge beam at the
apex of the roof
1. Thatch roof materials - used for the bubong
or roof ridge of the house
2. Lumber - used for the primary framework
support for the thatch roofing
3. Wood planks - hand hewn wood planks lay
horizontally above every panel for the
perimeter wall enclosure of the house
4. Bamboo - used as the harren or simply
ladder that is removable
1. Wallboard - this is made by thick wooden
planks that has panalongs or end-beam
maranao designs2. Cogon - this thich cogon is
used for the roof covering the entire house
with a flaring end at it's lower base because of
its roof framework3. Lantay - this is the floor
board that is a thick wooden planks that is
used as floor panels of the main house
1. Palm or Coconut leaves - this is the roof
thatch covering that is fixed with moderate
inclination to protect from the intense heat
and rainshower
2. Bamboo - used mostly in the overall
framework of the house such as the rafter,
king post, floor joist and more
3. Lumber - this is a thick lumber used as the
ladder that is tightly secured to the girder.
 h. Samal Samal houses is a one room structure
1. Patan - This is a bridge that us directly
connected to the house
i. Isneg 1. Datag/Xassaran - This space is considered to
be the main part of the house that is located at
the lower level of the house
2. Ramuyon - This space occupies the three floor
proper and located between the upper and
lower level of the house
3. Tarakip - This area is the upper level of the
house that approximately measured to expand
up to 1.5 meters
j. Kankanai 1. Tokdoan - This is a space for the wooden
bench that is located inside the house
2. Kitchen - This is a space where the banga or
cooking jar is located which is a rounded small
earthen container used primarily for cooking.
3. Sagaang - This space is for the horizontal wood
shelves that is above the cooking area and used
to hold objects or kitchen utensils.
4. Tetey - This is the fixed wooden or bamboo
ladder that is used for climbing up or down the
house
5. Pangtew - This is a space specifically for the
entrance of the house and has a removable
wood panel for the entry way
1. Bamboo - Is a common material used for
the overall structure of the house
2. Nipa - is used for the roof of the samal
house
3. Wood - is used for some of the structure of
the house
1. Wood - This material is used for the posts,
girders, joists and walls of the isneg house
2. Thatch - This is used for the roof
3. Bamboo - This is the feature of an isneg
house which is a roof made by bamboo that is
constructed uniquely
1. Bamboo - Used for the ladder
2. wood - This material is used for the
framework of the overall structure of the
house from posts to the roof ridge
3. Cogon grass - This is used for the roof of the
house and to cover the roof ridge as thatch