EARTH SCIENCE

LECTURE / 2ND QUARTER

2ND QUARTER (WEEK 10): WATER RESOURCES

OUTLINE WATER RESOURCES

I. Introduction • Among the nonliving resources extracted from
II. Water Resources the oceans, more than 95% of the economic
III. Arable Land value comes from energy products.
IV. Waste Generation and Management • The main energy products are oil, and natural
A. Types of Waste Disposal gas, which is currently being extracted, and
gas hydrates, which are not yet utilized but
have vast potential.
INTRODUCTION
ARABLE LAND
Body = 60% of water
Earth = 70% of water • These are land capable of being plowed and
used to grow crops.
• It was traditionally contrasted with pasturable
lands such as heaths which could be used for
sheep-rearing but not farmland.

WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT

WATER RESOURCES
• These are resources of water that are useful
or potentially useful.
• Uses of water include agricultural, industrial,
household, recreational and environmental
activities.
• The majority of human uses require fresh
water.
• Waste management is the process of treating
solid wastes and offers a variety of solutions for
recycling items that don't belong to trash.
• It is about how garbage can be used as a
valuable resource.
• Waste management is something that each and
every household and business owner in the
world needs.
• Waste management disposes of the products
and substances that you have used in a safe
and efficient manner.
SEVERAL TYPES OF WASTE DISPOSAL
According to conserve energy future. These are the following;
LANDFILL
• The landfill is the most popularly used method
of waste disposal used today.
• This process of waste disposal focuses
attention on burying the waste on land.
• There is a process used that eliminates the
odors and dangers of waste before it is placed
in the ground.
• This process of waste disposal focuses The
disadvantages are that there is already a lack of
EARTH SCIENCE
LECTURE / 2ND QUARTER

2ND QUARTER (WEEK 10): WATER RESOURCES

LANDFILL AVOIDANCE/WASTE MINIMIZATION

space available, and the strong presence of • Avoidance/Waste Minimization is the easiest
methane and other landfill gases can cause method of waste management.
numerous contamination problems. • Waste reduction can be done by recycling old
materials like a jar, and bags, repairing broken
items instead of buying a new one, avoiding the
INCINERATION/COMBUSTION
use of disposable products like plastic bags,
• Incineration/Combustion is a disposal method reusing second-hand items, and buying things
in which municipal solid wastes are burned at that use less design.
high temperatures to convert them into residue
and gaseous products.
• The advantage of this type is that it can reduce
the volume of solid waste to 20 to 30 percent of
the original volume, decreases the space they
take up, and reduce the stress on landfills.
• The disadvantage of this method is the
production of air pollution that could add to the
problems of greenhouse effects.

RECOVERY AND RECYCLING

• Recovery and Recycling is the process of
converting waste products to prevent energy
usage and consumption of fresh raw materials.
• Recycling is the third component of Reduce,
Reuse, and Recycle waste hierarchy.
• The advantages of this are to reduce energy
usage, reduce the volume of landfills, reduce air
and water pollution, reduce greenhouse gas
and preserve the natural resource for future
use.

WASTE TO ENERGY (RECOVERY ENERGY)

• Waste to Energy (Recovery Energy) involves
converting non-recyclable waste items into
usable heat, electricity, or fuel through various
processes.
• This type of source of energy is a renewable
energy source as non-recyclable waste can be
used over and over again to create energy.
• Waste-to-energy, also widely recognized by its
acronym WtE, is the generation of energy in the
form of heat or electricity from waste.