BUILDING AND STRUCTURAL DRAWING

LABORATORY MANUAL

Division of Structural Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering
CEGC, Anna University
Chennai – 600 025.
 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

VISION:

Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, shall strive hard to develop and impart
technical knowledge and professional skills required for Civil Engineering practice through
excellence in teaching, research and consultancy to address sustainable infrastructure
development needs at local, national and international levels.

MISSION:

Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University shall contribute to technological and

development by

1. Providing a firm scientific and technological base in Civil Engineering to

achieve self- reliance.
2. Providing quality education through innovation in teaching practices at par
with global standards.
3. Nurturing leadership and entrepreneurship qualities with ethical values.

4. Developing and disseminating latest knowledge and technologies in emerging

areas of Civil Engineering.
5. Sharing intellectual resources and infrastructure facilities through collaborative
partnership.

6. Ensuring supporting conditions for enhancing the employability skills.

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B.E CIVIL ENGINEERING

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs)

Graduates of the programme B.E Civil Engineering will

PEO1 Gain knowledge and skills in Civil engineering which will enable them to have
a career and professional accomplishment in the public or private sector
organizations.
Become consultants on complex real life Civil Engineering problems
PEO2
related to
Infrastructure development especially housing, construction, water supply,
sewerage, transport, spatial planning.
Become entrepreneurs and develop processes and technologies to meet desired
PEO3
infrastructure needs of society and formulate solutions that are technically
sound,
economically feasible, and socially acceptable.
PEO4 Perform investigation for solving Civil Engineering problems by conducting
research using modern equipment and software tools.
PEO5 Function in multi-disciplinary teams and advocate policies, systems, processes
and equipment to support civil engineering

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES

Graduates of the programme B.E Civil Engineering will be able to

Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science and

PO1 Engineering engineering fundamentals, and an engineering
Knowledge specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyse
PO2 Problem analysis complex engineering problems reaching substantiated
conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural
sciences and engineering sciences.
Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
Design /
PO3 design systems, components or processes that meet
development of
specified needs with appropriate consideration for public
solutions
health and safety, cultural, societal and environmental
considerations.
Conduct Use research-based knowledge and research methods
PO4 Investigation of including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation
Complex Problems of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid

ii
 conclusions for complex problems that cannot be solved by
straightforward application of knowledge, theories and
techniques applicable to the engineering discipline as
against problems given at the end of chapters in a typical
text book that can be solved using simple engineering
theories and techniques; that may not have a unique
solution. For example, a design problem can be solved in
many ways and lead to multiple possible solutions, that
require consideration of appropriate constraints
/requirements not explicitly given in the problem statement
such as cost, power requirement, durability, product life,
etc. which need to be defined (modelled) within appropriate
mathematical framework; and that often require use of
modern computational concepts and tools, for example, in
the design of an antenna or a DSP filter.

Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques,

Modern
PO5 resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including
Tool Usage
prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities
with an understanding of the limitations.
Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
PO6 The Engineer assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and
and Society the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice.
Understand the impact of the professional engineering
PO7 Environment and solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and
Sustainability demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics
Ethics
PO8 and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.

Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or

Individual
PO9 leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
and Team
Work
Communicate effectively on complex engineering
Communication
PO10 activities with the engineering community and with society
at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
Project
PO11 Management engineering and management principles and apply these to
one's own work, as a member and leader in a team, to
and Finance
manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and
Life-Long
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 PO12 Learning ability to engage in independent and lifelong learning in the
broadest context of technological change.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)

Graduates of the programme B.E Civil Engineering will be able to

Knowledge of Demonstrate in-depth knowledge of Civil Engineering
PSO1 Civil Engineering discipline, with an ability to evaluate, analyze and
discipline synthesize existing and new knowledge.
Critical analysis Critically analyze complex Civil Engineering problems,
PSO2 of Civil apply independent judgment for synthesizing information
Engineering and make innovative advances in a theoretical, practical and
problems and policy context.
innovation
Conceptualizatio Conceptualize and solve Civil Engineering problems,
n and evaluation of evaluate potential solutions and arrive at technically
engineering feasible, economically viable and environmentally sound
PSO3
solutions to Civil solutions with due consideration of health, safety, and
Engineering socio-cultural factors
Issues

1. PEO / PO Mapping:

PROGRAMME PROGRAMME OUTCOMES

EDUCATIONAL
OBJECTIVES PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

I            

II            

III            

IV            

V            

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CE5611 BUILDING AND STRUCTURAL DRAWING LT P C
0042

OBJECTIVES:
To impart knowledge and skill relevant to Building and Structural detailed drawing using
computer software

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Principles of planning and orientation
2. Buildings with load bearing walls and RCC roof (Plan, section, elevation)
3. Buildings with sloping roof.
4. Industrial buildings – North light roof truss
5. Building information modelling.
6. Reinforcement details of RCC structural elements (slab, beam and column)
7. Reinforcement details of footings (Isolated, stepped, combined footing)
8. Reinforcement details of RCC water tanks (circular, rectangular)
9. Reinforcement details of retaining walls (cantilever, counterfort)
10. Steel structures (beam column connection, beam to beam connection, steel water tank
with
hemispherical bottom, steel foot over bridge, steel chimney)

COURSE OUTCOME
On completion of the course, the student is expected to be able to

CO1 Evaluate the tension and torsional behavior of mild steel rod.
CO2 Interpret the hardness of different metals.
CO3 Conduct compression and deflection test to determine elastic constants.

CO4 Determine the impact resistance of metals.

CO5 Assess the performance of metal beam under deflection and metal rod under double shear.

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 CO – PO Mapping

Course Outcome Overall

PO/PSO Correlation
of CO s to
POs
CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4 CO5

PO1 Engineering Knowledge H H H H H H

PO2 Problem analysis

PO3 Design / development
of solutions
PO4 Conduct Investigation on H H H H H H
Complex Problems
PO5 Modern Tool Usage H H H H H H
PO6 The Engineer and Society M M M M M M
PO7 Environment and Sustainability L L L L L L
PO8 Ethics H H H H H H
PO9 Individual and Team work
PO10 Communication
PO11 Project Management and
Finance
PO12 Life Long Learning H H H H H H
PSO1 Knowledge of Civil H H H H H H
engineering discipline
PSO2 Civil Engineering H H H H H H
Performance Evaluation and
coordination
PSO3 Conceptualization of H H H H H H
Civil Engineering Systems

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 CONTENT

S. No EXPERIMENTS PAGE No.

1 Principles of Planning and orientation 01

2 Building with Load bearing walls and RCC roof 04

3 Building with Sloped roof 08

4 North Light roof truss of an industrial building. 13

5 Building Information Modeling 15

6 Reinforcement details of RCC Structural Elements

A. Reinforcement details of RCC Slab 18

B. Reinforcement details of RCC Beam 20

C. Reinforcement details of RCC Column 22

7 Reinforcement details of Footings

A. Reinforcement details of an Isolated Footing 24

B. Reinforcement details of Stepped Footing 26

C. Reinforcement details of Combined Footing 28

8 Reinforcement details of RCC Water tanks

A. Reinforcement details of Circular Water tanks 30

B. Reinforcement details of Rectangular Water tanks 32

9 Reinforcement details of Retaining walls

A. Reinforcement details of Cantilever Retaining walls 34

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 B. Reinforcement details of Counterfort Retaining walls 36

10 Steel Structural Connection.

A. Detailing of Beam Column connection 38

B. Detailing of Beam-to-Beam connection 39

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 1. PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING AND ORIENTATION

Building Planning is the arrangement of various components or units of a building in a systematic manner so as to form a
meaningful and homogeneous structure to meet its functional purpose. The arrangement of the various rooms in the building is known as
Planning of Building. The basic objective of planning the building is to arrange all the units of the building on all floors at a given level
according to their functional requirements. By doing this, one can make the best use of space available for building.

Principles of Building Planning

These principles are not as rigid as laws of nature, certain deviations from these principles are necessary and inadequacies in them are to
be met with by an individual.

Basic principles of building planning:

1. Orientation:

Proper orientation means setting or placing of the rooms of the residential building which allow the inmates of the house to
enjoy the utmost whatever is good and to avoid whatever is bad in respect of comforts in the elements of nature such as the sun, wind and
rain. good orientation means placements of rooms in relation to sun, wind, rain, topography and outlook and at the same time providing a
convenient access both to the courtyard, compound or street.

2. Privacy:

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 Privacy is an important part of building planning. Privacy may be from one part to another of the same building or could be
from neighbouring buildings, streets, etc. In residential buildings, every room should have certain privacy which can be secured carefully
planning the entrance, path-ways, and drives. Proper grouping of rooms, good positioning of doors and windows, lobbies, or screens can
give required internal privacy. Toilet rooms, bedrooms, water closet and urinals should have absolute privacy.

3. Grouping:

Grouping in building planning means setting different rooms of a building according to their inter-relationship of invitation
and transition. The rooms arranged in the layout in a proper correlation of their functions and in due proximity with each other.

Grouping In Residential Building Plan

The dining room should be close to the kitchen. The kitchen should be kept away from the main living room. Main
bedrooms should have independent and separate access from each room towards the sanitary units. In an office building, hospitals, etc.
the administrative department should be located centrally for convenience and economy of services.

4. Circulation:

Access or internal connection between rooms on the same floor or between floors is known a circulation. Circulation
between rooms of the same floor is called horizontal circulation like- passages, corridors, halls, etc. Circulation between various floors is
known as vertical circulation, like- stairs, lifts, etc. Horizontal Circulation should be independent, short, and straight not invade the
property of any room. All the passages should be well ventilated and lighted. Stairs should also be well lighted and ventilated and
properly planned in regard to width, rise, and tread. Stairs should not have winder steps.

5. Sanitation:

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 Sanitation of building not only associated with urinals, bath-rooms, wash-basins, sinks but also the overall lighting and
ventilation. All the parts of a building should have well lighting and ventilation to maintain good hygienic conditions. This could be done
in a natural way or in an artificial way (air condition). Necessary provision to facilitate the cleaning of the building be installed. Washing
closets, lavatories, urinals, bathrooms like sanitary conveniences should be installed adequate in number in relation to the occupant load.

6. Flexibility:

Flexibility means planning the rooms in such a way that though originally designed for a specific purpose, may be used for
other purposes also when desired. For designing houses for middle-class families or other buildings where the economy is the main
consideration flexibility should always be considered. If large space is needed in a certain time a house to accommodate the gathering. It
can be obtained by removing a removable partition wall or curtain between the room and the dining room. Alternatively, an open yard,
garden, or verandah can also be provided.

7. Elegance:

Elegance is the overall effect produced by elevation and general layout of the plan of a building. To get good elegance of a
building it is better if elevation is developed first and then the plan is adjusted accordingly. Selection of site or open plot for the
construction of building greatly affects the elegance. Building located in depression will give bad elegance whereas building on an
elevated spot gives an impressive appearance. Buildings located on backward sloping upwards ground give good elevation & elegance.

8. Economy:

The economy is a major factor in building planning. To fit the proposed scheme within the limitations of the resources and
funds certain alterations and omissions in the original plan have to make. But while considering the economy, the required strength and
durability of the structure should not be compromised.

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Some simple economy achieving approaches in buildings are,

 Simple elevation, dispensing of porches, lobbies, etc.

 Steeper rise to the stair, wider steps in the stair.
 Reducing the story height to a bare minimum.
 Standardization of sizes of various components and materials.

2. BUILDINGS WITH LOAD BEARING WALLS AND RCC ROOF

Draw the Plan, Section and Elevation with complete dimension for the residential building with load bearing walls and RCC roof.

DETAILED SPECIFICATION:

FOUNDATION:

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The foundation for all main walls will be in cement concrete 1:6:12, 900mm wide and 1000mm below ground level. The masonry footing
will be in burnt bricks laid in CM 1:6.

PLINTH:

Plinth beam having width and height 400mm and 500mm respectively.

DPC:

A D.P.C in CM 1:3, 40mm thick will be provided for all walls at basement level with 2 coats of hot bitumen at 1.2 Kg/m 2. Inner side of
all the outer walls are to plastered with 12mm thick vertical DPC and coated with 2 coats of bitumen.

SUPER STRUCTURE:

All walls will be in B.W in CM 1:6, using first class bricks of 300mm thick. The height of all walls will be 3800mm above F.L. All walls
including basement will be plastered smooth and CM 1:4 externally and 1:6 internally for 12.5 thick. Parapet walls, 300mm thick and
300mm high will be provided all round.

ROOFING:

The roofing will be of R.C.C 1:2:4 mix, 100 thick flat slab over the room. A weathering course in lime concrete of 100mm thick and laid
with 40mm thick tile.

LINTEL:

All internal wall openings will be provided with R.C.C lintels having 150mm thick. All external openings will be provided with R.C.C
lintel – cum-sunshade 450mm wide. Verandah opening are provided with 600mm wide sunshade.

5
FLOORING:

All rooms are provided with 40mm thick monolithic CC 1:2:4 wearing coat over base layer of 1:4:8 CC of 80mm thick. These are laid
over 100mm thick sand filling laid over consolidated earth filling between plinth. 12mm thick terrazzo mix flooring in provided in kitchen
and bathroom over 28mm thick 1:2:4 topping.

6
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 3. BUILDINGS WITH SLOPING ROOF

Draw the Plan, Section and Elevation with complete dimension for the residential building with sloping roof.

Sloping roofs are provided for building in hilly areas or where the rain fall is more. These roof help in quick draining of rain water. Plan
of such a building is drawn like a flat roof. Ridge and eave projection lines are shown by dotted line in the plan.

DETAILED SPECIFICATION:

FOUNDATION:

The foundation for all main walls will be in cement concrete 1:6:12, 900mm wide and 1200mm below ground level. The masonry footing
will be in burnt bricks laid in CM 1:6:12
PLINTH:

Plinth beam having width and height 400mm and 600mm respectively.

DPC:

A D.P.C in CM 1:3, 40mm thick will be provided for all walls at basement level with 2 coats of hot bitumen at 1.2 Kg/m 2.

ROOFING:

Sloped roof consists of roof truss having span of 4600mm with components such as Purlins of size 50mm x 80mm, common rafters of
size 40mm x 80mm @ 600mm c/c with reepers of size 25mm x 30mm. Roof truss are covered with Allahabad tiles. The size of eave
board is 30mm x 200mm.

9
FLOORING:

All rooms are provided with 40mm thick monolithic CC 1:2:4 wearing coat over base layer of 1:4:8 CC of 80mm thick. These are laid
over 100mm thick sand filling laid over consolidated earth filling between plinth.

10
11
 PLAN

Section at AA

12
13
FRONT ELEVATION

14
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 DETAILED ROOF PLAN SHOWING MEMBER SIZE

4. NORTH LIGHT ROOF TRUSS OF AN INDUSTRIAL BUILDING

Draw the front Elevation with complete dimension of North light roof truss of an industrial building for the following dimensions,

Span of a truss = 14m

Size of the Bottom chord members = ISA 60mm x 60mm x 6mm

Struts – All inclined and vertical members = ISA 60mm x 60mm x 6mm

Thickness of the Gusset plate = 10mm

Size of the Cleat angle = 100mm x 75mm x 10mm

Length of Cleat angle = 150mm

Thickness of Asbestos cement sheet = 6mm

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 5. BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

INTRODUCTION

Building information modeling is a process supported by various tools, technologies and contracts involving the generation
and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places.

BIM Project Workflow

BIM project life-cycle encourages collaboration of the entire project team during the full life-cycle. BIM also provides
access to seamless communication with minimal loss of information and enables the team to make critical project decisions early in the
process.

BIM is currently perceived as the only direction for the construction industry to increase productivity and to develop high
quality and sustainable construction projects. It has been made an industry wide mandatory process and is followed by many countries.
Early adopters are already reaping the benefits of the change with greater efficiency. There has been a rise in productivity and also a gain
in the competitive edge.

BIM – MANAGEMENT

BIM is the process of managing & maintaining information rich 3D models during the course of a project life cycle. BIM as
Management involves working with the models to successfully maintain and communicate the project information. The process of
managing a BIM project is different from the traditional way of working. BIM projects require all project stakeholders to be involved at
the early stage. BIM encourages closer collaboration with the team members avoiding loss of information.

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1. Technology

BIM Technology is radically developed with new tools introduced into the market frequently. Models require special hard-
ware and software and it is one of the main aspects to consider before starting a BIM project. BIM Data is heavier in size and more
complex and requires the team to gain the skills-set to manage a project using BIM.

2. Schedule Management

Project schedule in a BIM environment is organized differently from the traditional workflow. BIM Project encourages the
team members to make decisions early in the project and provides the requires information for this. This requires the project schedule to
accommodate more time for the pre-construction phases of the project.

3. Collaboration

Collaboration is the key to succeed in any construction project. BIM models enable to team to work in more collaborative
environment. BIM Collaboration enables all project stakeholders to access critical project information at all stages of the project more
accurately. BIM Collaboration is made easy by having the team to follow a standard methodology for modelling and communication from
the beginning.

Adopting BIM for a project requires upfront preparation with standards and workflows and BIM specific training to be conducted for the
team members.

BENEFITS OF BIM

Benefits of working in a BIM environment are evident across the project life cycle from design through maintenance.

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The clarity gained through enhanced communication of well-organized project information with the help of BIM models shows an over-
all increase in productivity and project quality.

Building Information Modelling has proven record of increase in productivity and the quality of the project. BIM enables better design
decisions by allowing the project teams to develop and experience the building virtually before the construction. Communicating the
project information visually using 3D environment highly reduces the loss of information.

Organisational-level Benefits of BIM

At an organisational level, implementing BIM not only keeps the organization up to date with the industry practices but also has several
other benefits.

 Increased productivity
 Enhanced communication
 Reduced conflicts & RFIs
 Improved control over information
 Control over consultants and other project stake holders
 Control on the budget
 Increase in over-all project quality
 Competitive advantage
 New business opportunities

Revit

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 Revit is a well-known BIM construction software that aims to solve different architectural and design problems. It was
developed by Autodesk and is one of the most popular solutions in the industry. A lot of different specialists can take advantage of
Revit’s feature list, including architects, designers, MEP (mechanical, electrical and plumbing) specialists, contractors, and more. The
software itself offers an intelligent approach to different stages of the construction process via models.

This software is Microsoft Windows-exclusive, and can significantly reduce the miscommunication troubles by managing different parts
of the process within the same system. This same system also boosts overall coordination efforts, and you can even simulate different
projects’ visuals with that. Since Revit is considered a 4D BIM – it can also track the entire lifecycle of a specific construction project,
from first concepts down to the regular maintenance and/or demolition.

Navisworks

Navisworks is another BIM solution created by Autodesk. The main difference between Navisworks and Revit is that
Navisworks is more about being a project review solution for AEC (architecture, engineering and construction) professionals. As with
Revit, it is also capable of working with MS Windows, and it can also work together with other Autodesk 3D solutions to open and
combine their models, review them and navigate through them with barely any difficulty.

There are plenty of BIM-related solutions of any shape or form, and it should not be that difficult to find the one which is the best for
that company.

6. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

6 A. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF RCC SLAB:

Draw the Plan and cross section of a RCC Slab having the following dimension,

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 Size of the room = 6 m x 4.5 m

Thickness of the wall = 300 mm

Thickness of the slab = 150 mm

Bearing on walls = 150 mm

The reinforcement details of the slab are as follows,

Reinforcement along shorter span = 10 mm diameter bars @ 110 mm c/c.

Reinforcement along greater span = 10 mm diameter bars @ 180 mm c/c with alternate bars are bent up near the supports. All bars
along shorter span is bent through 180 0, so that full bars are available near edges to take up the negative Bending moment.

Torsion reinforcement should be provided at all four corners in the form of mesh of 10 mm diameter bars @ 100 mm c/c. The size
of the mesh will be 900 mm

Cover = 25mm.

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DETAILING OF RCC BEAMS:

Draw the longitudinal section and cross section of a simply supported rectangular beam having the following dimension,

Clear span = 4000 mm

Effective span = 4200 mm

Width of the beam = 200 mm

Overall Depth of beam = 300 mm

Thickness of Bearing wall = 300mm

The reinforcement details of the Beam of above dimension to carry a specific load are as follows,

Diameter of main reinforcement = 12mm

Number of main reinforcements = 5 (2 bars bent up at L/7 from the centre of support)

Cover = 25mm

6mm diameter stirrups are to be used with spacing of 250mm c/c

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6 C. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF RCC COLUMN:

Draw the Sectional Plan and Vertical section of a Column having the following dimension,

Size of the column = 400 mm x 400 mm.

Height of the column above the GL = 3.5 m

Depth of the column below GL = 1.10 m

Size of the Footing = 1.2 m x 1.2 m

The reinforcement details of the Column are as follows,

Diameter of Longitudinal reinforcement = 25 mm

Number of Longitudinal reinforcements = 4

Diameter of Lateral ties = 6 mm

Spacing of Lateral ties = 300 mm

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 7. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF FOOTINGS

7 A. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF AN ISOLATED FOOTING:

Draw the Plan and Cross section of an Isolated Footing having the following dimension,

Size of the column = 300 mm x 500 mm.

Size of the Footing = 3 m x 2 m

Overall depth of the footing = 600 mm

Cover = 50 mm

The reinforcement details of an isolated footing are as follows,

Reinforcement along Longer direction = 16 mm diameter @ 160 mm c/c

Reinforcement along shorter direction = 12 mm diameter @ 150 mm c/c

Diameter of Longitudinal reinforcement of column = 16 mm

Number of Longitudinal reinforcements of column = 6

Diameter of Lateral ties = 6 mm

Spacing of Lateral ties = 300 mm

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7 B. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF STEPPED FOOTING:

Draw the Plan and Cross section of Stepped Footing having the following dimension,

Size of the column = 500 mm x 500 mm.

Size of the Footing = 3.4 m x 3.4 m

Top width of the footing at the column base = 1400 mm

Width of the footing after first step = 2400 mm

Overall depth of the footing = 630 mm

Cover = 50 mm

The reinforcement details of stepped footing are as follows,

Main Reinforcement = 28 Numbers of 16 mm diameter in both direction

Diameter of Longitudinal reinforcement of column = 20 mm

Number of Longitudinal reinforcements of column = 8

Diameter of Lateral ties = 6 mm

Spacing of Lateral ties = 300 mm

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Dimensions of the stepped footing

35
Reinforcement detailing of the stepped footing

36
7 C. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF COMBINED FOOTING:

Draw the Plan and Cross section of Combined Footing having the following dimension,

Size of the column = 300 mm x 300 mm.

Spacing of the Column = 4 m

Width of strap beam = 400 mm

Overall depth of strap beam = 1200 mm

Size of the Footing = 6 m x 1.5 m

Overall depth of the footing = 300 mm

Cover = 50 mm
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The reinforcement details of combined footing are as follows,

Main Reinforcement = 10 mm diameter @ 200 mm c/c in both direction

Main Reinforcement of Strap beam = 4 No. of 22 mm diameter.

Stirrups used in strap beam = 8 mm diameter @ 250 mm c/c

Side reinforcement = 4 No. of 10 mm diameter @ 300 mm c/c

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 8. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF RCC WATER TANKS

Draw the following plan and section with complete dimension for the RCC circular and rectangular water tanks with reinforcement
details.

8 A. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF RCC CIRCULAR WATER TANK

Draw a RCC circular water tank resting on the ground with a flexible base and a spherical dome. Draw the Plan and cross section of the
tank for the following dimensions.

Diameter of tank = 12.6m

Depth of the tank = 4.2m

Central rise of dome = 2.5m

Thickness of dome = 100mm

Thickness of tank wall = 190mm

Size of ring beam = 200mm x 200mm

Reinforcement details

Dome reinforcement: 8mmɸ @ 160mmc/c

Ring beam: 4# 20mmɸ

Tank wall: 16mmɸ @150mmc/c

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Tank floor slab: 8mmɸ, @200mmc/c (both directions)

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8 B. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF RCC RECTANGULAR WATER
TANK

Draw a RC rectangular water tank resting on ground with an open top. Draw the Plan and cross section of the tank for the following
dimensions.

Inside dimension = 6m x 4m

Height of side wall = 3.5m

Thickness of wall = 250mm

Depth of base slab = 200mm

Reinforcement details

Horizontal reinforcement: 20mm ɸ, @80mmc/c

Base slab: 10mm ɸ, @ 300mm c/c (both faces)

Reinforcement for 1m from top: 8mm ɸ, @ 300mmc/c (both faces)

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 9. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF RETAINING WALLS

Draw the following Plan and section with complete dimension for the Cantilever and Counterfort retaining wall with reinforcement
details.

9A. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF CANTILEVER RETAINING

WALLS
Draw the Longitudinal section and cross section of cantilever retaining wall to retain an earth embankment for the following dimensions.

Depth of wall = 5.2m

Thickness of slab = 450mm
Height of stem = 4.75m
Width of base slab = 3m
Depth of foundation = 1.2m
Thickness of stem = 450mm (tapering to 200mm at top)
Depth of shear key = 450mm

Reinforcement details

Stem reinforcement: 16mmɸ, @150mmc/c(main reinforcement)

10mmɸ, @250mmc/c(distribution reinforcement)
Heel reinforcement: 12mmɸ, @200mmc/c (main & distribution reinforcement)
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Toe reinforcement: 12mmɸ, @200mmc/c (main & distribution reinforcement)

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9B. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS OF COUNTERFORT RETAINING
WALLS
Draw the Section Plan and Sectional Elevation of a Counterfort retaining wall to retain an earth embankment for the following
dimensions.

Height of wall = 7.2m

Depth of foundation = 1.2m
Thickness of base slab = 450mm
Width of base = 4.5m
Thickness of stem = 220mm
Spacing of counterfort = 3mc/c
Thickness of counterfort =440mm
Reinforcement details

Stem reinforcement: 12mmɸ, @150mmc/c(main)

6mmɸ, @200mmc/c(distribution)
Toe reinforcement: 12mmɸ, @150mmc/c(main)
10mmɸ, @280mmc/c(distribution)
Heel reinforcement: 12mmɸ, @150mmc/c(main)
10mmɸ, @280mmc/c(distribution)
Counterfort reinforcement: 5#,32mmɸ

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Counterfort horizontal links: 10mmɸ, @280mmc/c
Counterfort vertical links: 10mmɸ, @200mmc/c

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 10. STEEL STRUCTURAL CONNECTION

10 A. BEAM COLUMN CONNECTION

Draw the Front Elevation and Side view of a Beam to Column Connection using the following data,

Column = ISHB 300 @ 58.8 Kg/m (300mm x 200mm)

Beam = ISLB 250 @ 27.9 Kg/m (250mm x 125mm)

Cleat angle = ISA 90 mm x 90 mm x 6 mm

Use 16 mm diameter Rivet.

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 Front elevation Side View

10 B. BEAM TO BEAM CONNECTION

Draw the Plan, Elevation and End view of corner joint of a Beam-to-Beam Connection using the following data,

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 Column = ISHB 400 @ 54.7 Kg/m

Beam = ISMB 250 @ 37.3 Kg/m

Flange and Web Cleat angle = ISA 100 mm x 100 mm x 12 mm

Use 20 mm diameter Rivet.

The below figure represents the fixing of two beams radiating at right angles to a vertical column. One beam is fixed to the web and
second to the flange of the column.

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