Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]
※ [19] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Dan and I were supposed to make a Clarity in an organization keeps everyone
presentation that day. Right after the class
started, my phone buzzed. It was a text from
Dan saying, “I can’t make it on time. There’s
been a car accident on the road!” I almost
fainted. ‘What should I do?’ Dan didn’t show
up before our turn, and soon I was standing
in front of the whole class. I managed to
finish my portion, and my mind went blank
for a few seconds, wondering what to do.
‘Hold yourself together!’ I quickly
______________ and worked through Dan’s
part of the presentation as best as I could.
After a few moments, I finished the entire
presentation on my own. (가) 그제서야 긴장감이
사라졌다. I could see our professor’s beaming
face.
1. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.1)
[보기] vanish / the / tension / then / only
▶ 부정어도치의 어법에 유의하세요!
→ ________________________________________ (6자)
______________________________________________
2. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.2)
[보기] vanish / the / tension / then / only
▶ 도치 되지 않은 어순으로 문장을 써 보세요
→ ________________________________________ (6자)
______________________________________________
3. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.3)
① came to feel my senses
② went on my senses
③ came to my senses
④ came up with my senses
⑤ came along with my senses
※ [20] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
working in one accord and energizes key
leadership components like trust and
transparency. (가) 여러분의 조직에서 누가 또는
무엇이 평가되고 있는지 간에, what they are
being assessed on must be clear and the
people must be aware of it. If individuals in
your organization are (A) [assessed /
accessed] without knowing what they are being
assessed on, it can cause mistrust and move
your organization away from clarity. For your
organization to be productive, cohesive, and
(B) [successive / successful], trust is essential.
Failure to have trust in your organization will
have a negative effect on the results of any
assessment. It will also significantly hinder the
growth of your organization. To conduct
accurate assessments, trust is a must — which
comes through clarity. In turn, assessments
help you see clearer, which then empowers
your organization to reach (C) [optimal /
optional] success.
4. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가
장 적절한 것은?4)
① (A) assessed … (B) successful … (C) optimal
② (A) accessed … (B) successive … (C) optimal
③ (A) accessed … (B) successive … (C) optimal
④ (A) assessed … (B) successful … (C) optional
⑤ (A) accessed … (B) successful … (C) optional
5. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.5)
[보기] matter / what / is / no / in /
organization / your / being / assess / who
▶ 주어진 단어로 문장을 시작하세요!
▶ 문맥에 맞는 시제와 태를 사용하세요!
→ ________________________________________ (11자)
______________________________________________
6. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?6)
① 조직 구성원들은 서로를 평가하지 않아야 한다.
② 조직 구성원에 대한 평가 요소가 명확해야 한다.
③ 조직 구성원에 대한 평가는 금기시 되어야 한다.
④ 조직 구성원에 대한 평가 요소는 비밀시 되어야 한다.
⑤ 평가는 여러분이 더 분명하게 볼 수 있도록 도와준다.
Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]

※ [21] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [22] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Research in the science of peak performance In one study, when researchers suggested that
and motivation points to the fact that different a date was associated with a new beginning
tasks should ideally be matched to our energy (such as “the first day of spring”), students
level. For example, analytical tasks (A) [best viewed it as a more attractive time to
accomplish / are best accomplished] when our ______________ (A) [as / than] when
energy is high and we are free from researchers presented it as an unremarkable
distractions and able to focus. I generally day (such as “the third Thursday in March”).
wake up (B) [energizing / energized]. Over the Whether it was starting a new gym habit or
years, I have consistently stuck to the habit of spending less time on social media, when the
“eating my problems for breakfast.” I’m date that researchers suggested was associated
someone who tends to overthink different with a new beginning, more students wanted
scenarios and conversations that haven’t to begin changes right then. And more recent
happened yet. When I procrastinate on talking research by a different team (B) [founded /
with an unhappy client or dealing with an found] that similar benefits (C) [were achieved
unpleasant email, I find I waste too much by / achieved] showing goal seekers modified
emotional energy during the day. It’s as if the weekly calendars. When calendars depicted the
task hangs over my head, and I’ll spend more current day (either Monday or Sunday) as the
time (C) [to worry / worrying] about it, talking first day of the week, people reported feeling
about it, and avoiding it, than it would more motivated to make immediate progress
actually take to just take care of it. So for on their goals.
me, it’ll always be the first thing I get done. If
8. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시
you know you are not a morning person, be
오.8)
strategic about scheduling your difficult work
later in the day. ① start going on a diet
② kick-start goal pursuit
7. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
③ count days
가장 적절한 것은?7)
④ stop smoking
① (A) are best accomplished … (B) energizing … (C) worrying
⑤ start stop changing
② (A) best accomplish … (B) energizing … (C) to worry
③ (A) are best accomplished … (B) energized … (C) worrying
9. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
④ (A) are best accomplished … (B) energized … (C) to worry
가장 적절한 것은?9)
⑤ (A) best accomplish … (B) energized … (C) worrying
① (A) than … (B) found … (C) were achieved by

② (A) as … (B) founded … (C) were achieved by

③ (A) as … (B) founded … (C) were achieved by

④ (A) than … (B) found … (C) achieved

⑤ (A) as … (B) found … (C) achieved
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※ [23] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [24] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Native Americans often sang and danced in The recent “cycling as a lifestyle” craze has
preparation for launching an attack. The expressed itself in an increase in the number
emotional and neurochemical excitement that of active cyclists and in growth of cycling club
(A) [resulted / was resulted] from this membership in several European, American,
preparatory singing gave them stamina to Australian and Asian urban areas. It has also
carry out their attacks. What may have begun been accompanied by a symbolic
as an unconscious, uncontrolled act — reinterpretation of the bicycle. After the
rushing their victims with singing and beating bicycle had been associated with poverty for
drums in a frenzy — could have become a many years, expensive recreational bicycles or
strategy as the victors saw firsthand the effect recreationally-inspired commuting bicycles
their actions had on those they were have suddenly become aspirational products in
attacking. Although war dances risk warning urban environments. In present times, cycling
an enemy (B) [with / of] an upcoming attack, has become an activity which is also
the arousal and synchronizing benefits for the performed for its demonstrative value, its role
attackers may compensate for the loss of in identity construction and its effectiveness in
surprise. Humans who sang, danced, and impressing others and signaling social status.
marched may have enjoyed a strong To a certain extent, cycling has turned into a
advantage on the battlefield as well as (C) symbolic marker of the well-off. Obviously,
[intimidating / intimidated] enemies who value-laden consumption behavior is (ㄱ)
witnessed such a spectacle. (가) 19세기와 20세 ______________ limited to cycling. However,
기의 독일인들은 스코틀랜드인 들을 가장 무서워했는 the link with identity construction and
데 — the bagpipes and drums were disturbing conspicuous consumption has become
in their sheer loudness and visual spectacle. particularly (ㄴ) ______________ in the case of
cycling.
10. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하

시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.10)

12. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (ㄱ), (ㄴ) 부분에 들어갈 표현을 각각
쓰시오.12)
[보기] Nineteenth-and twentieth-century
Germans / no / the Scots / more / feare / (ㄱ) : _______________________________

Nineteenth-and / than / one (ㄴ) : _______________________________

→ ________________________________________ (10자)

_______________________________________________

11. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

가장 적절한 것은?11)

① (A) resulted … (B) with … (C) intimidating

② (A) was resulted … (B) of … (C) intimidating

③ (A) was resulted … (B) with … (C) intimidated

④ (A) resulted … (B) of … (C) intimidated
⑤ (A) was resulted … (B) of … (C) intimidated
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※ [25] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
The graph above shows the percentage of
children who received second-dose measles
vaccinations in six regions in 2000 and in
2020. The percentage of (A) [vaccinated /
vaccinating] children in the Western Pacific
was lower than (B) [those / that] of Europe in
2000, but the vaccination percentage in 2020
of the Western Pacific (C) [exceeded than /
exceeded] that of Europe by 3 percentage
points. Among all regions, South-East Asia
achieved the second biggest increase in its
percentage of vaccinated children over the two
decades, and it ranked third in the percentage
of vaccinated children among the six regions
in 2020. The percentage of vaccinated children
in the Americas was the highest among the
six regions in 2000, but it increased the least
of all regions over the two decades. In Africa,
the percentage of children who received the
vaccine in 2020 was more than seven times
higher than in 2000, but was still the lowest
among the six regions in 2020.
13. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
가장 적절한 것은?13)
① (A) vaccinating … (B) those … (C) exceeded
② (A) vaccinated … (B) that … (C) exceeded
③ (A) vaccinated … (B) those … (C) exceeded than
④ (A) vaccinating … (B) that … (C) exceeded than
⑤ (A) vaccinating … (B) that … (C) exceeded
※ [26] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Janaki Ammal, one of India’s most notable
scientists, was born in 1897, and was expected
to wed through an arranged marriage. (A)
[Although / Despite] she was living at a time
(B) [when / which] literacy among women in
India was less than one percent, she decided
to reject tradition and attend college. In 1924,
she went to the U.S. and eventually received a
doctorate in botany from the University of
Michigan. Ammal contributed to the
development of the sweetest sugarcane variety
in the world. She moved to England where she
co-authored the Chromosome Atlas of
Cultivated Plants. (C) [Followed by / Following]
a series of famines, she returned to India to
help increase food production at the request
of the Prime Minister. However, Ammal
disagreed with the deforestation taking place
in an effort to grow more food. She became
an advocate for the preservation of native
plants and successfully saved the Silent Valley
from the construction of a hydroelectric dam.
14. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
가장 적절한 것은?14)
① (A) Although … (B) when … (C) Following
② (A) Despite … (B) which … (C) Following
③ (A) Despite … (B) which … (C) Following
④ (A) Although … (B) when … (C) Followed by
⑤ (A) Despite … (B) when … (C) Followed by
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※ [29] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [30] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Pre-emption means that a strategy is designed Countershading is the process of optical

to prevent a rival from starting some flattening that provides camouflage to animals.
particular activity. In some case a pre-emptive When sunlight illuminates an object from
move may simply be an announcement of above, the object will be brightest on top. The
some intent that might discourage rivals from color of the object will gradually shade darker
doing the same. The idea of pre-emption toward the bottom. This shading gives the
implies that timing is sometimes very object depth and allows the viewer to
important — a decision or an action at one distinguish its shape. Thus even if an animal
point in time might be much more rewarding is exactly, but uniformly, the same color as
than doing it at a different time point. the substrate, it will be easily visible when
Pre-emption may involve up-weighting illuminated. Most animals, however, are darker
advertising for a period before and during above than they are below. When they are
when a new entrant launches into a market. illuminated from above, the darker back is
(가) 그 취지는 신규 진입자의 광고가 잠재적 구매자 lightened and the lighter belly is shaded. The
들에게 인상을 남기는 것을 더 어렵게 만드는 것이 animal thus appears to be a single color and
다. Product proliferation is another potential easily (가) ____________ the substrate. This
pre-emption strategy. The general idea is to pattern of coloration, or countershading,
launch a large variety of product variants so destroys the visual impression of shape in the
that there is very little in the way of market organism. It allows the animal to (가)
demand that is not accommodated. Arguably, ____________ its background.
if a market is already filled with product
17. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분에 공통으로 들어갈 표현을
variants it is more difficult for competitors to
쓰시오. 동사원형으로 쓰시오. 17)
find ______________.
(가) : _____________ _______________ _____________
15. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하

시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.15)

[보기] potential / an / entrant’s / make /

impression / The / the / advertising /
difficult / to / on / is / new / make / more
/ to / intent / for / it / buyers

→ ________________________________________ (20자)
______________________________________________

16. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시

오.16)
① tapped pockets

② a water tap
③ untapped pockets of market supply

④ a niche
⑤ people who are willing to help them
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※ [31] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 20. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (나)를 ‘부정어 도치 문장’으로 변형하

(가) 어떤 학습도 오류 신호 없이는 가능하지 않다. 여 쓰세요 20)

(나) 유기체는 사건이 그들의 기대에 어긋날 때에만

학습한다. In other words, surprise is one of
→ Only __________________________________________
the fundamental drivers of learning. Imagine
hearing a series of identical notes, AAAAA. _______________________________________________
Each note draws out a response in the _______________________________________________
auditory areas of your brain — but as the
notes repeat, those responses progressively
decrease. This is called “adaptation,” a
deceptively simple phenomenon that shows 21. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (다)를 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하시오.
that your brain is learning to anticipate the 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.21)
next event. Suddenly, the note changes:
AAAAA#. Your primary auditory cortex
immediately shows a strong surprise reaction: [보기] unexpected / fade / vigorously / fire /
(다) 적응이 점차 사라질 뿐만 아니라 예상치 못한 in / away / the / does / sound / the / begin
소리에 대한 반응으로 추가적인 뉴런이 힘차게 활성 / but / only / to / to / neurons / not /
화되기 시작한다. And it is not just repetition additional / adaptation / response
that leads to adaptation: what matters is
■부정어 도치의 어법에 맞도록 문장을 쓰세요
whether the notes are predictable. For
instance, if you hear an alternating set of
notes, such as ABABA, your brain gets used
→ _______________________________________ (20자)
to this alternation, and the activity in your
auditory areas again decreases. This time, ______________________________________________
however, it is an unexpected repetition, such
as ABABB, that triggers a surprise response.
18. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가)를 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하시오.
주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.18)

[보기] error / an / without / possible / signal

/ learning / is
■ 다음의 단어로 시작하는 ‘전체부정’의 문장입니다.

→ No _____________________________________ (8자)

______________________________________________

19. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (나)를 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하시오.

주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.19)

[보기] organisms / expectations / learn / only

/ their / events / violate / when
■ 원문형태 그대로 쓰세요

→ _______________________________________ (8자)

______________________________________________
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※ [32] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 23. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?23)

① There are rules to stick to when banks become insolvent.

The connectedness of the global economic
market makes it vulnerable to potential ② Fear and uncertainty may cause the whole nation to
“infection.” A financial failure can make its collapse.
way from borrowers to banks to insurers, ③ Banks are never afraid of fear.
spreading like a flu. However, there are
④ Fear is something like a smoke.
unexpected characteristics when it comes to
⑤ The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.
such infection in the market. Infection can
occur even without any contact. A bank might
become insolvent even without having any of ※ [33] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
its investments fail. Fear and uncertainty can
Negative numbers are a lot more abstract
be damaging to financial markets, just as
than positive numbers — you can’t see
cascading failures due to bad investments. If
negative 4 cookies and you certainly can’t eat
we all woke up tomorrow and believed that
them — but you can think about them, and
Bank X would be insolvent, then it would
you have to, in all aspects of daily life, from
become insolvent. In fact, it would be enough
debts to (A) [contending / contend] with
for us to fear that others believed that Bank X
freezing temperatures and parking garages.
was going to fail, or just to fear our collective
Still, many of us haven’t quite made peace
fear! We might all even know that Bank X was
with negative numbers. People have invented
well-managed with healthy investments, but
all sorts of funny little mental strategies to
(가) 만약 우리가 다른 사람들이 그들의 돈을 인출해
sidestep the (B) [dreaded / dreading] negative
갈 것이라고 예상한다면, 그러면 우리는 자신의 돈을
sign. On mutual fund statements, losses
인출하는 마지막 사람이 되는 것을 무서워 할 것이
(negative numbers) are printed in red or stuck
다. Financial distress can be self-fulfilling and
in parentheses with no negative sign to be
is a particularly troublesome aspect of
found. The history books tell us that Julius
financial markets.
Caesar was born in 100 B.C., not -100. The
22. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하 underground levels in a parking garage often
have designations like B1 and B2.
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.22)
Temperatures are one of the few exceptions:
folks do say, especially here in Ithaca, New
[보기] to / out / the / others / to / pull / we York, that it’s -5 degrees outside, though even
/ if / being / expected / money / we / our / then, many prefer to say 5 below zero.
fear / would / pull / their / out / last / There’s something about that negative sign
money / then that just looks so (C) [unpleasantly /
unpleasant].

→ ________________________________________ (21자) 24. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

가장 적절한 것은?24)
______________________________________________
① (A) contending … (B) dreading … (C) unpleasantly
② (A) contend … (B) dreaded … (C) unpleasantly

③ (A) contend … (B) dreading … (C) unpleasant

④ (A) contending … (B) dreaded … (C) unpleasant
⑤ (A) contend … (B) dreaded … (C) unpleasant
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※ [34] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [34] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Observational studies of humans cannot be Observational studies of humans cannot be

properly controlled. Humans live different properly controlled. Humans live different
lifestyles and in different environments. Thus, lifestyles and in different environments. Thus,
they are insufficiently homogeneous to be they are insufficiently homogeneous to be
suitable experimental subjects. These suitable experimental subjects. These
confounding factors undermine our ability to confounding factors undermine our ability to
draw sound causal conclusions from human draw sound causal conclusions from human
epidemiological surveys. (가) 교란 변수는 역학자 epidemiological surveys. Confounding factors
가 연구되고 있는 특정한 변수의 영향을 분리하기 어 are variables (known or unknown) that make
렵게 만드는 변수이다. For example, Taubes it (A) [difficult / difficultly] for epidemiologists
argued that since many people who drink also to isolate the effects of the specific variable
smoke, researchers have difficulty determining (B) [studying / being studied]. For example,
the link between alcohol consumption and Taubes argued that since many people who
cancer. Similarly, researchers in the famous drink also smoke, researchers have difficulty
Framingham study identified a significant determining the link between alcohol
correlation between coffee drinking and consumption and cancer. Similarly,
coronary heart disease. researchers in the famous Framingham study
identified a significant correlation between
25. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하
coffee drinking and coronary heart disease.
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.25)
However, most of this correlation disappeared
once researchers corrected for the fact that

[보기] the / variables / being / that / difficult many coffee drinkers also smoke. If the

/ specific / factors / are / of / make / confounding factors are known, it is often

epidemiologists / Confounding / variable / for possible to correct for them. However, if they

/ isolate / the / effects / studied / it / to are unknown, they will undermine the
reliability of the (C) [casual / causal]
conclusions we draw from epidemiological
→ _______________________________________ (20자) surveys.

_______________________________________________ 26. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

가장 적절한 것은?26)

① (A) difficult … (B) studying … (C) casual

② (A) difficultly … (B) being studied … (C) casual

③ (A) difficultly … (B) studying … (C) causal

④ (A) difficult … (B) being studied … (C) causal
⑤ (A) difficultly … (B) being studied … (C) causal
Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]

※ [35] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. 29. 윗글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?29)

(가) 인간의 모든 감정 중에서 질투보다 더 까다롭거 ① Envy is among so many emotions humans have.

나 더 이해하기 어려운 것은 없다. It is very ② It's hard to understand envy.

difficult to actually discern the envy that ③ Envy is an emotion only humans have.
motivates people’s actions. The reason for this
④ Envy is almost always connected to unfairness.
elusiveness is simple: we almost never directly
⑤ Envy can be distributed like attention.
express the envy we are feeling. Envy entails
the admission to ourselves that we are inferior
to another person in something we value. (나) ※ [37] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

이 열등감을 인정하는 것은 고통스러울 뿐만 아니라 To an economist who succeeds in figuring out

우리가 이것을 느끼고 있다는 것을 다른 사람들이 알 a person’s preference structure —
게 되는 것은 훨씬 더 나쁘다. And so almost as understanding whether the satisfaction gained
from consuming one good is greater than (A)
soon as we experience the initial feelings of
[those / that] of another — explaining
envy, we are motivated to disguise it to
behavior in terms of changes in underlying
ourselves — it is not envy we feel but
likes and dislikes is usually highly problematic.
unfairness at the distribution of goods or To argue, for instance, that the baby boom
attention, resentment at this unfairness, even and then the baby bust resulted from an
anger. increase and then a decrease in the public’s
inherent taste for children, rather than a
27. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하
change in relative prices against a background
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.27) of stable preferences, (B) [places / place] a
social scientist in an unsound position. In
[보기] all / of / the / human / more / than /
economics, such an argument about birth
envy / none / or / tricky / elusive / is /
rates would be equivalent to (C) [say / saying]
emotions that a rise and fall in mortality could be
▶ 비교급을 이용한 최상급구문입니다. attributed to an increase in the inherent
desire change for death. For an economist,
changes in income and prices, rather than
→ _______________________________________ (13자) changes in tastes, affect birth rates. When
______________________________________________ income rises, for example, people want more
children (or, as you will see later, more
satisfaction derived from children), even if
their inherent desire for children stays the
28. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (나) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하 same.

시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.28) 30. 윗글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?30)

① 베이비 붐이 사람들의 기호에 의해 비롯되었다고 주장

[보기] that / it / Not / painful / feeling /
하는 것은 경제학자들이 받아들이기 쉽다.
admit / is / others / we / inferiority / is /
are / see / this / only / it / but / even / to ② 경제학자들에게는 행동을 기저에 있는 호불호의 변화

/ this / worse / to / for 의 관점에서 설명하는 것은 쉽다.

▶부정어도치의 어법에 맞도록 문장을 만드세요. ③ 경제학자들은 출산율의 상승이 사망율과 깊은 관련이
있다고 판단한다.
④ 경제학자들은 소득과 물가의 변화가 출산율에 영향을
→ Not ___________________________________ (23자)
주지 않는다고 생각한다.
______________________________________________
⑤ 경제학자들은 출산율의 상승과 하락이 인간의 내재적

욕구에서 발생한다고 여기지 않는다.

Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]

31. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 33. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로

가장 적절한 것은?31) 가장 적절한 것은?33)

① (A) that … (B) place … (C) say ① (A) feel … (B) wandered … (C) to perceive
② (A) those … (B) places … (C) say ② (A) felt … (B) wondered … (C) to perceive

③ (A) those … (B) place … (C) saying ③ (A) felt … (B) wandered … (C) perceive
④ (A) that … (B) places … (C) saying ④ (A) feel … (B) wondered … (C) perceive

⑤ (A) those … (B) places … (C) saying ⑤ (A) felt … (B) wondered … (C) perceive

※ [38] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. ※ [39] 다음 지문을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

In the natural world, if an animal consumes a The difference in the Moon’s gravitational pull on
plant with enough antinutrients to make it (A)
different parts of our planet effectively creates a
[felt / feel] unwell, it won’t eat that plant
“stretching force.” It makes our planet slightly
again. Intuitively, animals also know to stay
(A) [stretched / to stretch] out along the line of
away from these plants. Years of evolution
and information being passed down created sight to the Moon and slightly compressed along

this innate intelligence. This “intuition,” a line perpendicular to that. The tidal stretching
though, is not just seen in animals. Have you caused by the Moon’s gravity affects our entire
ever (B) [wondered / wandered] why most planet, including both land and water, inside and
children hate vegetables? Dr. Steven Gundry out. However, the rigidity of rock means that
justifies this as part of our genetic
land (B) [rises / raises] and falls with the tides
programming, our inner intelligence. Since
(C) [by / to] a much smaller amount than water,
many vegetables are full of antinutrients, your
which is why we notice only the ocean tides.
body tries to keep you away from them while
you are still fragile and in development. It The stretching also explains why there are

does this by making your taste buds (C) generally two high tides (and two low tides) in
[perceive / to perceive] these flavors as bad the ocean each day.
and even disgusting. As you grow and your
body becomes stronger enough to tolerate
these antinutrients, suddenly (가) 그것들은 더 이 34. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
상 이전만큼 맛이 나쁘게 느껴지지 않는다. 가장 적절한 것은?34)

32. 윗글의 밑줄 친 (가) 부분을 [보기]를 참조하여 영작하

① (A) to stretch … (B) raises … (C) by
시오. 주어진 단어를 추가 / 변형할 수 있습니다.32)
② (A) stretched … (B) rises … (C) by
③ (A) stretched … (B) raises … (C) to
[보기] as / they / before / as / no / bad / ④ (A) to stretch … (B) rises … (C) to
longer / taste ⑤ (A) to stretch … (B) rises … (C) by
▶ 원급비교를 사용하여 문장을 완성하세요.

→ ________________________________________ (8자)

_______________________________________________
■ 문장삽입
35. [18] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.35)
However, this event won’t be possible without
the support of local businesses who provide
valuable products and services.
Dear local business owners, My name is Carol
Williams, president of the student council at
Yellowstone High School. ( ① ) We are hosting
our annual quiz night on March 30 and plan to
give prizes to the winning team. ( ② ) Would
you be willing to donate a gift certificate that
we can use as a prize? We would be grateful for
any amount on the certificate. ( ③
exchange for your generosity, we would place an
advertisement for your business on our answer
sheets. ( ④ ) Thank you for taking time to read
this letter and consider our request. ( ⑤ ) If
you’d like to donate or need more information,
please call or email me. I look forward to
hearing from you soon. Carol Williams
36. [19] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.36)
‘What should I do?’ Dan didn’t show up before
our turn, and soon I was standing in front of the
whole class.
Dan and I were supposed to make a presentation
that day. ( ① ) Right after the class started, my
phone buzzed. ( ② ) It was a text from Dan
saying, “I can’t make it on time. ( ③ ) There’s
been a car accident on the road!” I almost
fainted. ( ④ ) I managed to finish my portion,
and my mind went blank for a few seconds,
) In wondering what to do. ( ⑤ ) ‘Hold yourself
together!’ I quickly came to my senses and
worked through Dan’s part of the presentation as
best as I could. After a few moments, I finished
the entire presentation on my own. Only then did
the tension vanish. I could see our professor’s
beaming face.
Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]
37. [20] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.37)
It will also significantly hinder the growth of
your organization.
Clarity in an organization keeps everyone working
in one accord and energizes key leadership
components like trust and transparency. ( ① )
No matter who or what is being assessed in
your organization, what they are being assessed
on must be clear and the people must be aware
of it. ( ② ) If individuals in your organization
are assessed without knowing what they are
being assessed on, it can cause mistrust and
move your organization away from clarity. ( ③ )
For your organization to be productive, cohesive,
and successful, trust is essential. ( ④ ) Failure
to have trust in your organization will have a
negative effect on the results of any assessment.
( ⑤ ) To conduct accurate assessments, trust is
a must — which comes through clarity. In turn,
assessments help you see clearer, which then
empowers your organization to reach optimal
success.
38. [21] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.38)
It’s as if the task hangs over my head, and I’ll
spend more time worrying about it, talking about
it, and avoiding it, than it would actually take to
just take care of it.
Research in the science of peak performance and
motivation points to the fact that different tasks
should ideally be matched to our energy level. (
① ) For example, analytical tasks are best
accomplished when our energy is high and we
are free from distractions and able to focus. ( ②
) I generally wake up energized. ( ③ ) Over the
years, I have consistently stuck to the habit of
“eating my problems for breakfast.” I’m someone
who tends to overthink different scenarios and
conversations that haven’t happened yet. ( ④ )
When I procrastinate on talking with an unhappy
client or dealing with an unpleasant email, I find
I waste too much emotional energy during the
day. ( ⑤ ) So for me, it’ll always be the first
thing I get done. If you know you are not a
morning person, be strategic about scheduling
your difficult work later in the day.
39. [23] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 40. [24] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.39) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.40)

The emotional and neurochemical excitement that Obviously, value-laden consumption behavior is
resulted from this preparatory singing gave them by no means limited to cycling.
stamina to carry out their attacks.

The recent “cycling as a lifestyle” craze has

( ① ) Native Americans often sang and danced expressed itself in an increase in the number of
in preparation for launching an attack. ( ② ) active cyclists and in growth of cycling club
What may have begun as an unconscious, membership in several European, American,
uncontrolled act — rushing their victims with Australian and Asian urban areas. ( ① ) It has
singing and beating drums in a frenzy — could also been accompanied by a symbolic
have become a strategy as the victors saw reinterpretation of the bicycle. ( ② ) After the
firsthand the effect their actions had on those bicycle had been associated with poverty for
they were attacking. ( ③ ) Although war dances many years, expensive recreational bicycles or
risk warning an enemy of an upcoming attack, recreationally-inspired commuting bicycles have
the arousal and synchronizing benefits for the suddenly become aspirational products in urban
attackers may compensate for the loss of environments. ( ③ ) In present times, cycling
surprise. ( ④ ) Humans who sang, danced, and has become an activity which is also performed
marched may have enjoyed a strong advantage on for its demonstrative value, its role in identity
the battlefield as well as intimidated enemies construction and its effectiveness in impressing
who witnessed such a spectacle. ( ⑤ ) others and signaling social status. ( ④ ) To a
Nineteenth-and twentieth-century Germans certain extent, cycling has turned into a symbolic
feared no one more than the Scots — the marker of the well-off. ( ⑤ ) However, the link
bagpipes and drums were disturbing in their with identity construction and conspicuous
sheer loudness and visual spectacle. consumption has become particularly manifest in
the case of cycling.
41. [29] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 42. [30] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.41) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.42)

The intent is to make it more difficult for the Thus even if an animal is exactly, but uniformly,
new entrant’s advertising to make an impression the same color as the substrate, it will be easily
on potential buyers. visible when illuminated.

Pre-emption means that a strategy is designed Countershading is the process of optical

to prevent a rival from starting some particular flattening that provides camouflage to animals. (
activity. ( ① ) In some case a pre-emptive ① ) When sunlight illuminates an object from
move may simply be an announcement of some above, the object will be brightest on top. ( ② )
intent that might discourage rivals from doing the The color of the object will gradually shade
same. ( ② ) The idea of pre-emption implies darker toward the bottom. ( ③ ) This shading
that timing is sometimes very important — a gives the object depth and allows the viewer to
decision or an action at one point in time might distinguish its shape. ( ④ ) Most animals,
be much more rewarding than doing it at a however, are darker above than they are below.
different time point. ( ③ ) Pre-emption may ( ⑤ ) When they are illuminated from above,
involve up-weighting advertising for a period the darker back is lightened and the lighter belly
before and during when a new entrant launches is shaded. The animal thus appears to be a
into a market. ( ④ ) Product proliferation is single color and easily blends in with the
another potential pre-emption strategy. ( ⑤ ) substrate. This pattern of coloration, or
The general idea is to launch a large variety of countershading, destroys the visual impression of
product variants so that there is very little in shape in the organism. It allows the animal to
the way of market demand that is not blend in with its background.
accommodated. Arguably, if a market is already
filled with product variants it is more difficult
for competitors to find untapped pockets of
market demand.
43. [31] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 44. [32] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.43) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.44)

In other words, surprise is one of the If we all woke up tomorrow and believed that
fundamental drivers of learning. Bank X would be insolvent, then it would become
insolvent.

No learning is possible without an error signal. (

① ) Organisms only learn when events violate The connectedness of the global economic market
their expectations. ( ② ) Imagine hearing a makes it vulnerable to potential “infection.” A
series of identical notes, AAAAA. ( ③ ) Each financial failure can make its way from
note draws out a response in the auditory areas borrowers to banks to insurers, spreading like a
of your brain — but as the notes repeat, those flu. ( ① ) However, there are unexpected
responses progressively decrease. ( ④ ) This is characteristics when it comes to such infection in
called “adaptation,” a deceptively simple the market. ( ② ) Infection can occur even
phenomenon that shows that your brain is without any contact. ( ③ ) A bank might
learning to anticipate the next event. ( ⑤ ) become insolvent even without having any of its
Suddenly, the note changes: AAAAA#. Your investments fail. ( ④ ) Fear and uncertainty can
primary auditory cortex immediately shows a be damaging to financial markets, just as
strong surprise reaction: not only does the cascading failures due to bad investments. ( ⑤ )
adaptation fade away, but additional neurons In fact, it would be enough for us to fear that
begin to vigorously fire in response to the others believed that Bank X was going to fail, or
unexpected sound. And it is not just repetition just to fear our collective fear! We might all
that leads to adaptation: what matters is whether even know that Bank X was well-managed with
the notes are predictable. For instance, if you healthy investments, but if we expected others
hear an alternating set of notes, such as ABABA, to pull their money out, then we would fear
your brain gets used to this alternation, and the being the last to pull our money out. Financial
activity in your auditory areas again decreases. distress can be self-fulfilling and is a
This time, however, it is an unexpected particularly troublesome aspect of financial
repetition, such as ABABB, that triggers a markets.
surprise response.
45. [33] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 46. [34] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.45) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.46)

The history books tell us that Julius Caesar was For example, Taubes argued that since many
born in 100 B.C., not -100. people who drink also smoke, researchers have
difficulty determining the link between alcohol
consumption and cancer.
Negative numbers are a lot more abstract than
positive numbers — you can’t see negative 4
cookies and you certainly can’t eat them — but Observational studies of humans cannot be
you can think about them, and you have to, in all properly controlled. ( ① ) Humans live different
aspects of daily life, from debts to contending lifestyles and in different environments. ( ② )
with freezing temperatures and parking garages. ( Thus, they are insufficiently homogeneous to be
① ) Still, many of us haven’t quite made peace suitable experimental subjects. ( ③ ) These
with negative numbers. ( ② ) People have confounding factors undermine our ability to draw
invented all sorts of funny little mental sound causal conclusions from human
strategies to sidestep the dreaded negative sign. epidemiological surveys. ( ④ ) Confounding
( ③ ) On mutual fund statements, losses factors are variables (known or unknown) that
(negative numbers) are printed in red or stuck in make it difficult for epidemiologists to isolate the
parentheses with no negative sign to be found. ( effects of the specific variable being studied. (
④ ) The underground levels in a parking garage ⑤ ) Similarly, researchers in the famous
often have designations like B1 and B2. ( ⑤ ) Framingham study identified a significant
Temperatures are one of the few exceptions: correlation between coffee drinking and coronary
folks do say, especially here in Ithaca, New heart disease. However, most of this correlation
York, that it’s -5 degrees outside, though even disappeared once researchers corrected for the
then, many prefer to say 5 below zero. There’s fact that many coffee drinkers also smoke. If the
something about that negative sign that just confounding factors are known, it is often
looks so unpleasant. possible to correct for them. However, if they
are unknown, they will undermine the reliability
of the causal conclusions we draw from
epidemiological surveys.
Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]
47. [35] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.47)
Not only is it painful to admit this inferiority,
but it is even worse for others to see that we
are feeling this.
( ① ) Of all the human emotions, none is
trickier or more elusive than envy. ( ② ) It is
very difficult to actually discern the envy that
motivates people’s actions. ( ③ ) The reason for
this elusiveness is simple: we almost never
directly express the envy we are feeling. ( ④ )
Envy entails the admission to ourselves that we
are inferior to another person in something we
value. ( ⑤ ) And so almost as soon as we
experience the initial feelings of envy, we are
motivated to disguise it to ourselves — it is not
envy we feel but unfairness at the distribution of
goods or attention, resentment at this unfairness,
even anger.
48. [36] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.48)
The right to be forgotten, in contrast, can be
applied to information that has been in the public
domain.
The right to be forgotten is a right distinct from
but related to a right to privacy. ( ① ) The
right to privacy is, among other things, the right
for information traditionally regarded as protected
or personal not to be revealed. ( ② ) The right
to be forgotten broadly includes the right of an
individual not to be forever defined by
information from a specific point in time. ( ③ )
One motivation for such a right is to allow
individuals to move on with their lives and not
be defined by a specific event or period in their
lives. ( ④ ) For example, it has long been
recognized in some countries, such as the UK
and France, that even past criminal convictions
should eventually be “spent” and not continue to
affect a person’s life. ( ⑤ ) Despite the reason
for supporting the right to be forgotten, the right
to be forgotten can sometimes come into conflict
with other rights. For example, formal exceptions
are sometimes made for security or public health
reasons.
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49. [37] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 50. [39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.49) 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.50)

When income rises, for example, people want However, the rigidity of rock means that land
more children (or, as you will see later, more rises and falls with the tides by a much smaller
satisfaction derived from children), even if their amount than water, which is why we notice only
inherent desire for children stays the same. the ocean tides.

( ① ) To an economist who succeeds in figuring The difference in the Moon’s gravitational pull on
out a person’s preference structure — different parts of our planet effectively creates a
understanding whether the satisfaction gained “stretching force.” It makes our planet slightly
from consuming one good is greater than that of stretched out along the line of sight to the Moon
another — explaining behavior in terms of and slightly compressed along a line
changes in underlying likes and dislikes is usually perpendicular to that. ( ① ) The tidal stretching
highly problematic. ( ② ) To argue, for instance, caused by the Moon’s gravity affects our entire
that the baby boom and then the baby bust planet, including both land and water, inside and
resulted from an increase and then a decrease in out. ( ② ) The stretching also explains why
the public’s inherent taste for children, rather there are generally two high tides (and two low
than a change in relative prices against a tides) in the ocean each day. ( ③ ) Because
background of stable preferences, places a social Earth is stretched much like a rubber band, the
scientist in an unsound position. ( ③ ) In oceans bulge out both on the side facing toward
economics, such an argument about birth rates the Moon and on the side facing away from the
would be equivalent to saying that a rise and fall Moon. ( ④ ) As Earth rotates, we are carried
in mortality could be attributed to an increase in through both of these tidal bulges each day, so
the inherent desire change for death. ( ④ ) For we have high tide when we are in each of the
an economist, changes in income and prices, two bulges and low tide at the midpoints in
rather than changes in tastes, affect birth rates. between. ( ⑤ )
( ⑤ )
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51. [40] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에

(A) If you’d like to donate or need more
가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.51)
information, please call or email me. I look
The study showed that the teenagers were forward to hearing from you soon. Carol Williams
prepared to earn an average of 8% less if they
could work with someone they thought came (B) In exchange for your generosity, we would
from the same ethnic or religious background. place an advertisement for your business on our
answer sheets. Thank you for taking time to
read this letter and consider our request.
A study investigated the economic cost of
prejudice based on blind assumptions. ( ① )
(C) However, this event won’t be possible
Researchers gave a group of Danish teenagers
without the support of local businesses who
the choice of working with one of two people. (
provide valuable products and services. Would
② ) The teenager had never met either of them.
you be willing to donate a gift certificate that
( ③ ) One of the people had a name that
we can use as a prize? We would be grateful for
suggested they were from a similar ethnic or
any amount on the certificate.
religious background to the teenager. ( ④ ) The
other had a name that suggested they were from ① (A) - (C) - (B)

a different ethnic or religious background. ( ⑤ ) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)
And this prejudice was evident among teenagers
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
with ethnic majority names as well as those with
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
ethnic minority names. The teenagers were
blindly making assumptions about the race of
their potential colleagues. They then applied
53. [19] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
prejudice to those assumptions, to the point
한 것을 고르시오.53)
where they actually allowed that prejudice to
reduce their own potential income. The job Dan and I were supposed to make a presentation

required the two teenagers to work together for that day. Right after the class started, my phone

just 90 minutes. buzzed. It was a text from Dan saying, “I can’t

make it on time.

■ 순서배열 (A) I managed to finish my portion, and my

mind went blank for a few seconds, wondering
52. [18] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 what to do. ‘Hold yourself together!’ I quickly
한 것을 고르시오.52) came to my senses and worked through Dan’s
part of the presentation as best as I could.
Dear local business owners, My name is Carol
Williams, president of the student council at
(B) After a few moments, I finished the entire
Yellowstone High School. We are hosting our
presentation on my own. Only then did the
annual quiz night on March 30 and plan to give
tension vanish. I could see our professor’s
prizes to the winning team.
beaming face.
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② (B) - (A) - (C)

(C) There’s been a car accident on the road!” I
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
almost fainted. ‘What should I do?’ Dan didn’t
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
show up before our turn, and soon I was
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
standing in front of the whole class.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C) 55. [21] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

③ (B) - (C) - (A) 한 것을 고르시오.55)

④ (C) - (A) - (B) Research in the science of peak performance and

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
motivation points to the fact that different tasks
should ideally be matched to our energy level.
For example, analytical tasks are best
54. [20] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
accomplished when our energy is high and we
한 것을 고르시오.54)
are free from distractions and able to focus.
Clarity in an organization keeps everyone working
in one accord and energizes key leadership (A) When I procrastinate on talking with an
components like trust and transparency. No unhappy client or dealing with an unpleasant
matter who or what is being assessed in your email, I find I waste too much emotional energy
organization, what they are being assessed on during the day. It’s as if the task hangs over my
must be clear and the people must be aware of head, and I’ll spend more time worrying about it,
it. talking about it, and avoiding it, than it would
actually take to just take care of it.
(A) Failure to have trust in your organization
will have a negative effect on the results of any (B) I generally wake up energized. Over the
assessment. It will also significantly hinder the years, I have consistently stuck to the habit of
growth of your organization. “eating my problems for breakfast.” I’m someone
who tends to overthink different scenarios and
(B) To conduct accurate assessments, trust is a conversations that haven’t happened yet.
must — which comes through clarity. In turn,
assessments help you see clearer, which then (C) So for me, it’ll always be the first thing I
empowers your organization to reach optimal get done. If you know you are not a morning
success. person, be strategic about scheduling your
difficult work later in the day.
(C) If individuals in your organization are
① (A) - (C) - (B)
assessed without knowing what they are being
② (B) - (A) - (C)
assessed on, it can cause mistrust and move
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
your organization away from clarity. For your
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
organization to be productive, cohesive, and
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
successful, trust is essential.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

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56. [22] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

(A) Humans who sang, danced, and marched may
한 것을 고르시오.56)
have enjoyed a strong advantage on the
In one study, when researchers suggested that a battlefield as well as intimidated enemies who
date was associated with a new beginning (such witnessed such a spectacle. Nineteenth-and
as “the first day of spring”), students viewed it twentieth-century Germans feared no one more
as a more attractive time to kick-start goal than the Scots — the bagpipes and drums were
pursuit than when researchers presented it as an disturbing in their sheer loudness and visual
unremarkable day (such as “the third Thursday in spectacle.
March”).
(B) Although war dances risk warning an enemy
(A) And more recent research by a different of an upcoming attack, the arousal and
team found that similar benefits were achieved synchronizing benefits for the attackers may
by showing goal seekers modified weekly compensate for the loss of surprise.
calendars.
(C) What may have begun as an unconscious,
(B) Whether it was starting a new gym habit or uncontrolled act — rushing their victims with
spending less time on social media, when the singing and beating drums in a frenzy — could
date that researchers suggested was associated have become a strategy as the victors saw
with a new beginning, more students wanted to firsthand the effect their actions had on those
begin changes right then. they were attacking.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

(C) When calendars depicted the current day
② (B) - (A) - (C)
(either Monday or Sunday) as the first day of
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
the week, people reported feeling more motivated
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
to make immediate progress on their goals.
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) 58. [24] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

④ (C) - (A) - (B) 한 것을 고르시오.58)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

The recent “cycling as a lifestyle” craze has
expressed itself in an increase in the number of
active cyclists and in growth of cycling club
57. [23] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
membership in several European, American,
한 것을 고르시오.57)
Australian and Asian urban areas. It has also
Native Americans often sang and danced in been accompanied by a symbolic reinterpretation
preparation for launching an attack. The of the bicycle.
emotional and neurochemical excitement that
resulted from this preparatory singing gave them (A) To a certain extent, cycling has turned into
stamina to carry out their attacks. a symbolic marker of the well-off.
Youtube 매튜쌤의 영어수업 [꼼꼼히 공부 후 마무리 점검용으로 풀 것]

(B) Obviously, value-laden consumption behavior (B) The idea of pre-emption implies that timing
is by no means limited to cycling. However, the is sometimes very important — a decision or an
link with identity construction and conspicuous action at one point in time might be much more
consumption has become particularly manifest in rewarding than doing it at a different time point.
the case of cycling. Pre-emption may involve up-weighting
advertising for a period before and during when a
(C) After the bicycle had been associated with new entrant launches into a market.
poverty for many years, expensive recreational
bicycles or recreationally-inspired commuting (C) The intent is to make it more difficult for
bicycles have suddenly become aspirational the new entrant’s advertising to make an
products in urban environments. In present times, impression on potential buyers. Product
cycling has become an activity which is also proliferation is another potential pre-emption
performed for its demonstrative value, its role in strategy.
identity construction and its effectiveness in
① (A) - (C) - (B)
impressing others and signaling social status.
② (B) - (A) - (C)

① (A) - (C) - (B) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)

② (B) - (A) - (C) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
60. [30] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.60)

59. [29] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

Countershading is the process of optical
한 것을 고르시오.59)
flattening that provides camouflage to animals.
Pre-emption means that a strategy is designed When sunlight illuminates an object from above,
to prevent a rival from starting some particular the object will be brightest on top. The color of
activity. In some case a pre-emptive move may the object will gradually shade darker toward the
simply be an announcement of some intent that bottom.
might discourage rivals from doing the same.
(A) The animal thus appears to be a single color
(A) The general idea is to launch a large variety and easily blends in with the substrate. This
of product variants so that there is very little in pattern of coloration, or countershading, destroys
the way of market demand that is not the visual impression of shape in the organism.
accommodated. Arguably, if a market is already It allows the animal to blend in with its
filled with product variants it is more difficult background.
for competitors to find untapped pockets of
market demand.
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(B) This shading gives the object depth and (C) Suddenly, the note changes: AAAAA#. Your
allows the viewer to distinguish its shape. Thus primary auditory cortex immediately shows a
even if an animal is exactly, but uniformly, the strong surprise reaction: not only does the
same color as the substrate, it will be easily adaptation fade away, but additional neurons
visible when illuminated. begin to vigorously fire in response to the
unexpected sound. And it is not just repetition
(C) Most animals, however, are darker above that leads to adaptation: what matters is whether
than they are below. When they are illuminated the notes are predictable.
from above, the darker back is lightened and the
① (A) - (C) - (B)
lighter belly is shaded.
② (B) - (A) - (C)
① (A) - (C) - (B) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
② (B) - (A) - (C) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
62. [32] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.62)
61. [31] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
The connectedness of the global economic market
한 것을 고르시오.61)
makes it vulnerable to potential “infection.” A
No learning is possible without an error signal. financial failure can make its way from
Organisms only learn when events violate their borrowers to banks to insurers, spreading like a
expectations. In other words, surprise is one of flu. However, there are unexpected
the fundamental drivers of learning. characteristics when it comes to such infection in
the market.
(A) For instance, if you hear an alternating set
of notes, such as ABABA, your brain gets used (A) In fact, it would be enough for us to fear
to this alternation, and the activity in your that others believed that Bank X was going to
auditory areas again decreases. This time, fail, or just to fear our collective fear! We might
however, it is an unexpected repetition, such as all even know that Bank X was well-managed
ABABB, that triggers a surprise response. with healthy investments, but if we expected
others to pull their money out, then we would
(B) Imagine hearing a series of identical notes, fear being the last to pull our money out.
AAAAA. Each note draws out a response in the Financial distress can be self-fulfilling and is a
auditory areas of your brain — but as the notes particularly troublesome aspect of financial
repeat, those responses progressively decrease. markets.
This is called “adaptation,” a deceptively simple
phenomenon that shows that your brain is (B) Infection can occur even without any
learning to anticipate the next event. contact. A bank might become insolvent even
without having any of its investments fail.
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(C) Fear and uncertainty can be damaging to (C) People have invented all sorts of funny little
financial markets, just as cascading failures due mental strategies to sidestep the dreaded
to bad investments. If we all woke up tomorrow negative sign. On mutual fund statements, losses
and believed that Bank X would be insolvent, (negative numbers) are printed in red or stuck in
then it would become insolvent. parentheses with no negative sign to be found.

① (A) - (C) - (B) ① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

63. [33] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절 64. [34] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.63) 한 것을 고르시오.64)

Negative numbers are a lot more abstract than Observational studies of humans cannot be
positive numbers — you can’t see negative 4 properly controlled. Humans live different
cookies and you certainly can’t eat them — but lifestyles and in different environments. Thus,
you can think about them, and you have to, in all they are insufficiently homogeneous to be
aspects of daily life, from debts to contending suitable experimental subjects.
with freezing temperatures and parking garages.
Still, many of us haven’t quite made peace with (A) However, most of this correlation
negative numbers. disappeared once researchers corrected for the
fact that many coffee drinkers also smoke. If the
(A) Temperatures are one of the few confounding factors are known, it is often
exceptions: folks do say, especially here in possible to correct for them. However, if they
Ithaca, New York, that it’s -5 degrees outside, are unknown, they will undermine the reliability
though even then, many prefer to say 5 below of the causal conclusions we draw from
zero. There’s something about that negative sign epidemiological surveys.
that just looks so unpleasant.
(B) These confounding factors undermine our
(B) The history books tell us that Julius Caesar ability to draw sound causal conclusions from
was born in 100 B.C., not -100. The human epidemiological surveys. Confounding
underground levels in a parking garage often factors are variables (known or unknown) that
have designations like B1 and B2. make it difficult for epidemiologists to isolate the
effects of the specific variable being studied.
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③ (B) - (C) - (A)

(C) For example, Taubes argued that since many
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
people who drink also smoke, researchers have
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
difficulty determining the link between alcohol
consumption and cancer. Similarly, researchers in
the famous Framingham study identified a 66. [36] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
significant correlation between coffee drinking 한 것을 고르시오.66)
and coronary heart disease.
The right to be forgotten is a right distinct from
① (A) - (C) - (B) but related to a right to privacy. The right to
② (B) - (A) - (C) privacy is, among other things, the right for
③ (B) - (C) - (A) information traditionally regarded as protected or
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
personal not to be revealed.
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

(A) One motivation for such a right is to allow

individuals to move on with their lives and not
65. [35] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
be defined by a specific event or period in their
한 것을 고르시오.65)
lives. For example, it has long been recognized
Of all the human emotions, none is trickier or in some countries, such as the UK and France,
more elusive than envy. It is very difficult to that even past criminal convictions should
actually discern the envy that motivates people’s eventually be “spent” and not continue to affect a
actions. person’s life.

(A) Envy entails the admission to ourselves that
we are inferior to another person in something
we value.
(B) The reason for this elusiveness is simple:
we almost never directly express the envy we
are feeling.
(B) The right to be forgotten, in contrast, can
be applied to information that has been in the
public domain. The right to be forgotten broadly
includes the right of an individual not to be
forever defined by information from a specific
point in time.

(C) Despite the reason for supporting the right

(C) Not only is it painful to admit this to be forgotten, the right to be forgotten can
inferiority, but it is even worse for others to see sometimes come into conflict with other rights.
that we are feeling this. And so almost as soon For example, formal exceptions are sometimes
as we experience the initial feelings of envy, we made for security or public health reasons.
are motivated to disguise it to ourselves — it is
① (A) - (C) - (B)
not envy we feel but unfairness at the
② (B) - (A) - (C)
distribution of goods or attention, resentment at
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
this unfairness, even anger.
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
① (A) - (C) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
② (B) - (A) - (C)
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67. [37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.67)
To an economist who succeeds in figuring out a
person’s preference structure — understanding
whether the satisfaction gained from consuming
one good is greater than that of another —
explaining behavior in terms of changes
underlying likes and dislikes is usually highly
problematic. To argue, for instance, that the
baby boom and then the baby bust resulted from
an increase and then a decrease in the public’s
inherent taste for children, rather than a change
in relative prices against a background of stable
preferences, places a social scientist in
unsound position.
(A) For an economist, changes in income and
prices, rather than changes in tastes, affect birth
rates.
(B) When income rises, for example, people
want more children (or, as you will see later,
more satisfaction derived from children), even if
their inherent desire for children stays the same.
(C) In economics, such an argument about birth
rates would be equivalent to saying that a rise
and fall in mortality could be attributed to an
increase in the inherent desire change for death.
① (A) - (C) - (B)
② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
68. [39] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.68)
The difference in the Moon’s gravitational pull on
different parts of our planet effectively creates a
“stretching force.” It makes our planet slightly
stretched out along the line of sight to the Moon
and slightly compressed along a line
in perpendicular to that. The tidal stretching caused
by the Moon’s gravity affects our entire planet,
including both land and water, inside and out.
(A) Because Earth is stretched much like a
rubber band, the oceans bulge out both on the
side facing toward the Moon and on the side
an facing away from the Moon.
(B) However, the rigidity of rock means that
land rises and falls with the tides by a much
smaller amount than water, which is why we
notice only the ocean tides. The stretching also
explains why there are generally two high tides
(and two low tides) in the ocean each day.
(C) As Earth rotates, we are carried through
both of these tidal bulges each day, so we have
high tide when we are in each of the two bulges
and low tide at the midpoints in between.
① (A) - (C) - (B)
② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
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69. [40] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절

한 것을 고르시오.69)

A study investigated the economic cost of

prejudice based on blind assumptions.
Researchers gave a group of Danish teenagers
the choice of working with one of two people.
The teenager had never met either of them.

(A) One of the people had a name that

suggested they were from a similar ethnic or
religious background to the teenager. The other
had a name that suggested they were from a
different ethnic or religious background.

(B) The teenagers were blindly making

assumptions about the race of their potential
colleagues. They then applied prejudice to those
assumptions, to the point where they actually
allowed that prejudice to reduce their own
potential income. The job required the two
teenagers to work together for just 90 minutes.

(C) The study showed that the teenagers were

prepared to earn an average of 8% less if they
could work with someone they thought came
from the same ethnic or religious background.
And this prejudice was evident among teenagers
with ethnic majority names as well as those with
ethnic minority names.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A)
④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
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정답 we would fear being the last to pull our money out

23) ⑤
1) Only then did the tension vanish [해설] Only thing we have to fear is fear itself. 세계대공
2) The tension vanished only then. 도치되지 않은 원문은 황을 타계한 프랭클린 대통령의 명언입니다. 두려움으로 인
수업 때 언급하지 않아서 미안합니다. 해 경제가 더욱 무너질 수 있으므로 두려움을 떨쳐버리자는
3) ③ 의미이며, 지문의 내용과 일맥상통합니다. 수업 때 언급하였
[해설] come to one's senses 정신차리다 습니다.
4) ①
[해설] (A)assess 평가하다 access 접속하다/접근하다 (B) 24) ④
successive 연속적인 successful 성공적인 (C) optional 선 [해설] (A)앞의 to는 전치사입니다. (C)2형식동사의 보어 = 형용
택의 optimal 최상의, 최적의 사입니다.
5) No matter who or what is being assessed
6) ②
7) ③ 25) Confounding factors are variables that make it
[해설] (A)analytical tasks가 가장 잘 '수행 되는' 것이므로 수 difficult for epidemiologists to isolate the effects of
동태가 필요합니다. (B) 내가 '에너지가 충전된' 상태로 일어 the specific variable being studied
26) ④
난다는 뜻이므로 과거분사(수동)가 필요합니다. (C) spend
[해설] (A)make의 목적보어 자리입니다. 형용사만 가능합니다.
시간/에너지 ~ing : ~하는 데에 시간/에너지를 소모하다(쓰
(B) variable (which are) being studied의 의미입니다.
다)라는 의미입니다.
즉, '연구되고 있는 특정 변수'라는 의미입니다. (C) casual
8) ② 형식적이지 않은, causal 인과관계의
9) ①
[해설] (A)앞 부분의 more ~ than이 연결됩니다. 27) Of all the human emotions, none is trickier or more
(B)find-found-found (찾다)의 과거형입니다. elusive than envy
28) Not only is it painful to admit this inferiority, but it
10) Nineteenth-and twentieth-century Germans feared is even worse for others to see that we are feeling
no one more than the Scots this
11) ④ 29) ②
30) ⑤
[해설] (A)result 는 자동사이므로 수동형으로 사용할 수 없습니 31) ④
다. (B) warn A of(about) B: 'A에게 B를 경고하다'라는 의 [해설] (A)satisfaction을 받으므로 that이 필요한 자리입니다.
미입니다. (C)enjoyed와 병렬이므로 형태가 p.p가 요구됩니 (B)to argue가 주어이므로 단수형 동사를 써야 합니다. (C)
다. 앞의 to는 전치사이므로 동명사의 형태로 써야 합니다.

12) (ㄱ): by no means (ㄴ): manifest 32) they no longer taste as bad as before
13) ② 33) ④
[해설] (A)'백신접종이 된'의 의미이므로 과거분사가 요구됩니 [해설] (A), (C)사역동사의 목적보어로 동사원형이 필요한 자리
다. (B)비교대상이 percentage이므로 단수형 대명사 that이 입니다.
요구됩니다. (C)exceed는 타동사로 '~를 능가하다'는 의미를
갖습니다. than이 필요하지 않습니다. 34) ②
[해설] (A)사역동사(makes)의 목적보어입니다. 목적어(our
14) ① planet)와의 관계가 수동이므로 과거분사가 필요한 자리입니
[해설] (A) 원문의 Despite(전치사) living ~을 접속사 다. (B) rise-rose-risen(자동사) 오르다
(although) + S+V의 문장으로 변형하였습니다. (B)when은 raise-raised-raised(타동사) 올리다, 상승시키다. (C) by ~
관계부사로서 절 전체가 time을 수식합니다. (C) Following 만큼(상승의 폭) to ~로, ~까지 (상승 또는 하락된 최종 지점
(전치사) = After 까지)

15) The intent is to make it more difficult for the new 35) ②
entrant’s advertising to make an impression on 36) ④
potential buyers 37) ⑤
16) ④ 38) ⑤
39) ②
[해설] 원문의 untapped pockets of market demand를 변형 40) ⑤
하였습니다. 점유되지 않은 시장 수요 주머니를 찾다 = 시장 41) ④
내에서 판매가 이루어 질 수 있는 상품군을 찾다(영역을 찾 42) ④
43) ②
다) 정도의 의미입니다. niche는 아직 공략되지 않은 시장의 44) ⑤
틈새를 말합니다. 45) ④
46) ⑤
17) blend in with 47) ⑤
18) No learning is possible without an error signal 48) ②
19) Organisms only learn when events violate their 49) ⑤
expectations 50) ②
20) Only when events violate their expectations do 51) ⑤
52) ⑤
organisms learn 53) ④
21) not only does the adaptation fade away, but 54) ④
additional neurons begin to vigorously fire in 55) ②
response to the unexpected sound 56) ②
22) if we expected others to pull their money out, then 57) ⑤
58) ④
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59) ③
60) ③
61) ③
62) ③
63) ⑤
64) ③
65) ②
66) ②
67) ④
68) ②
69) ①