NCERTSol

uti
ons

Geogr
aphyChapt
er2

Gl
obeLat
it
udesandLongi
tudes
Quest
ion1:
Answert
hef
oll
owi
ngquest
ionsbr
ief
ly:

a.Whati
sthet
rueshapeoft
heEar
th?

b.Whati
sagl
obe?

c.Whati
sthel
ati
tudi
nal
val
ueoft
heTr
opi
cofCancer
?

d.Whatar
ethet
hreeheatzonesoft
heEar
th?

e.Whatar
ethepar
all
elsofl
ati
tudeandmer
idi
ansofl
ongi
tudes?

f
.Whydoest
heTor
ri
dZoner
ecei
vet
hemaxi
mum amountofheat
?

g.Whyi
sit5.
30P.
M.i
nIndi
aand12.
00nooni
nLondon?

Answer
:

a.TheEart
hlooksspheri
calinshape,buti
tissl
ight
lyf
lat
tenedattheNort
h
andSouthPolesandbulgesattheequatorduetotheout
war df
orcecaused
bytherot
ati
onoftheEarth.Thi
sshapeoft heEart
hisdescri
bedasa
‘
geoid’
meaning‘anEart
h-li
keshape’.

b.Globeisat
ruemodelormi
niat
urefor
m oftheEar
th.I
tisusedt
ost
udy
theeart
hasawhole.I
tshowsconti
nent
s,count
ri
esandoceans.

c.TheTr
opi
cofCancerl
i
es23.
5°Nor
thoft
heEquat
or.

d.Fol
l
owi
ngar
ethet
hreeheatzonesoft
heEar
th:

i
.theTor
ri
dZone,

i
i
.theTemper
ateZone

i
i
i.t
heFr
igi
dZone.
e.Allpar
all
elcircl
esfr
om t
heEquatortothePolesar ecal
ledparall
elsof
l
atit
udes.Latit
udesaremeasuredindegrees.Theli
nesofr ef
erences
runni
ngf r
om theNorthPol
etot heSout
hPol earecalledmeri
diansof
l
ongitudes.Longit
udesar
ealsomeasuredi ndegrees.

f.i
.Thear
eabetweentheTropi
cofCancerandt
heTr
opi
cofCapr
icor
nis
knownastheTorr
idZone.

i
i
.Themi d-daySunisexact
lyov
erheadatl
eastonceay
earonall
these
l
ati
tudes.Hence,t
hisar
earecei
vesthemaxi
mum amountofheat
.

g.InLondon, t
heGr eenwi chMeanTi me(GMT)i sfol
lowed.TheI ndian
StandardMer i
diani slocat ed82. 5°Eastoft hePri
meMer i
dian(I
.e.0
degrees).Ortheear thr otate360°i nabout24hour sthenin1hourt herei
s
15°whi chmeansi n1° =4mi nutes.TheI ndi
ai s82.5°aheadf r
om London
thenthet i
mewi llbe( 82×4) +(0.
5×4) =328+2=330mi nut
esahead, so330
minutes=5hour sand30mi nut
esahead.Thust heIndi
anStandar d
Time(IST)is5hour sand30mi nutesaheadofGMT.So, wheni tis12noon
i
nLondon, i
tis5.30i nI ndia.

2:
Tickt
hecor
rectanswer
s:

a.Thev
alueoft
hePr
imeMer
idi
ani
s

i
.90°

i
i
.0°

i
i
i.60°

b.Thef
ri
gidZonel
i
esnear

i
.thePol
es

i
i
.Theequat
or

i
i
i.Thet
ropi
cofCancer

c.Thet
otal
numberofl
ongi
tudesar
e
i
.360

i
i
.180

i
i
i.90

d.TheAnt
arct
icCi
rcl
eisl
ocat
edi
n

i
.TheNor
ther
nHemi
spher
e

i
i
.theSout
her
nHemi
spher
e

i
i
i.TheEast
ernHemi
spher
e

e.Thegr
idi
sanet
wor
kof

i
.Par
all
elsofl
ati
tudesandmer
idi
ansofl
ongi
tudes

i
i
.Thet
ropi
cofcancerandt
het
ropi
cofCapr
icor
n

i
i
i.TheNor
thPol
eandt
heSout
hPol
e.

Answer
:

a.(
ii
)0°

b.(
i)ThePol
es

c.(
i)360

d.(
ii
)TheSout
her
nHemi
spher
e

e.(
i)Par
all
elsofl
ati
tudesandmer
idi
ansofl
ongi
tudes

Quest
ion3:
Fil
li
nthebl
anks:

a.TheTr
opi
cofCapr
icor
nisl
ocat
edat_
___
___
___
.

b.TheSt
andar
dMer
idi
anofI
ndi
ais_
___
___
__.

c.The0Mer
idi
ani
sal
soknownas_
___
___
___
.

d.Thedi
stancebet
weent
hel
ongi
tudesdecr
easest
owar
ds_
___
___
__.
e.TheAr
cti
cCi
rcl
eisl
ocat
edi
nthe_
___
___
__Hemi
spher
e.

Answer
:

a.TheTr
opi
cofCapr
icor
nisl
ocat
edat23.
5°sout
hoft
heEquat
or.

b.TheSt
andar
dMer
idi
anofI
ndi
ais82.
5°E.

c.The0°Mer
idi
ani
sal
soknownast
hePr
imeMer
idi
an.

d.Thedi
stancebet
weent
hel
ongi
tudesdecr
easest
owar
dst
hePol
es.

e.TheAr
cti
cCi
rcl
eisl
ocat
edi
ntheNor
ther
nHemi
spher
e.