Solution

MATHS

Class 11 - Mathematics

1. (c) -i

Explanation: -i

2
1+2i+3i
Let z = 2

1−2i+3i
1+2i−3
⇒ z=
1−2i−3

−2+2i −2+2i
⇒ z=
−2−2i
 × −2+2i

2
(−2+2i)
⇒ z=
2 2

(−2) −(2i)

2
4+4i −8i
⇒ z=
4+4

4−4−8i
⇒ z=
8

−8i
⇒ z=
8

⇒ z = -i

Y
2. (a) 13
1

Explanation: 1

M
13

Let z = 1

(2+3i)

⇒ z=
1

4+9i +12i DE
⇒ z=
1

−5+12i

−5−12i
⇒ z=
1

−5+12i
 × −5−12i

−5−12i
⇒ z=
25+144

−5 12i

CA
⇒ z= −
169 169
−−−−−−−−−
25
⇒ |z| = √
2
+
144

169 169

⇒ |z| =
1

√169

1
⇒ |z| =
13
SA

−−
3. (b) 1/√26

− −
Explanation: 1/√26

Let z =
1

(1−i)(2+3i)

1
⇒ z=
2
2+i−3i
IM

⇒ z=
2+i+3
1

5−i
⇒ z=
1

5+i
×
5−i

5−i
⇒ z=
2

25−i
5−i
⇒ z=
25+1

5−i
⇒ z=
26

⇒ z=
5

26
−
26
i

−−−−−−−−
⇒ |z| = √
676
25
+
676
1

1
⇒ z=
√26

4. (c) The x-axis

z−i z−i 2
Explanation: ∣∣ z+i
∣
∣ = 1 ⇒  ∣∣ z+i
∣
∣  = 1

2 2 2
x+iy−i x+i(y−1) |x+i(y−1)|
⇒  ∣∣ x+iy+i ∣
∣
 = 1 ⇒  ∣∣ ∣
= 1 ⇒  

x+i(y+1) ∣ 2
|x+i(y+1)|

2 2

 ⇒  x2 + (y - 1)2 = x2 + (y + 1)2

x +(y−1)
⇒   2 2
x +(y+1)

⇒  (y + 1)2 - (y - 1)2  = 0 ⇒  4y = 0 ⇒  y = 0

⇒  z lies on the x-axis

1 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 5
5. (b) ( 169
−
169
12
i)

Explanation: z = (3 + 2i)2 = (9 + 4i2 + 12i) = (9 - 4 + 12i) = (5 + 120)

 z-1 = 
(5−12i) (5−12i) (5−12i) (5−12i)
⇒
1
×  =  2
=   = 

(5+12i) (5−12i) (25−144i ) (25+144) (169)

⇒  z-1 = ( 169
5
−
12

169
i)

6. (c) -1

Explanation: i-38 = 
2 −1 −1 −1 −1
1

38
×
i

2
=  −40
 =  10
= 10
= 1
= -1
i i i 4 i
(i )

7. (b) 1

Explanation: 1

1
z=
1−cos θ−i sin θ

1−cos θ+i sin θ

z=
1

1−cos θ−i sin θ

 × 1−cos θ+i sin θ

1−cos θ+i sin θ

⇒ z=
2 2

(1−cos θ ) −(i sin θ )

1−cos θ+i sin θ

⇒ z=
2 2

1+ cos θ−2 cos θ+ sin θ

1−cos θ+i sin θ

⇒ z=

Y
1+1−2 cos θ
1−cos θ+i sin θ
⇒ z=

2(1−cos θ)

(1−cos θ)
 Re (z) = 1

M
⇒ =
2(1−cos θ) 2

8. (b) None of these

Explanation: (x + iy)  = a + ib
3
DE
Cubing on both the sides, we get :

x + iy = (a + ib)
3

x + iy = (a + ib)3

CA

⇒  x + iy a3 (ib)3 + 3a2bi + a(ib)2

⇒  x + iy = a3 + i3b3 + 3a2ib + 3i2ab2

⇒  x + iy = a3 - ib3 + 3a2ib - 3ab2 (∵ i2 = -1, i3 = -i)

⇒  x + iy = a3 - .3ab2 + i(-b3 + 3a2b)

SA

∴  x = a3 - 3ab2 and y = 3a2b - b3

= a2 - 3b2 and   = 3a2 - b2

y
or  x

a b

a2 - 3b2 + 3a2 - b2

y
⇒
x

a
+
b
 =
 = 4a2 - 4b2
y
IM

x
⇒ +
a b

−21
9. (b) ( 13
+
1

13
i)

(3−5i) (3−5i) (−2−3i) (3−5i)(−2−3i)

Explanation:  =  ×  =  2 2

(−2+3i) (−2+3i) (−2−3i) (−2) −(3i)

2 (−21+i)
−6−9i+10i+15i −6+i−15 −21
=  2
 =  =  13
= ( 13
+
1

13
i)
(4−9i ) (4+9)

10. (d) -2

Explanation: -2

502 590 588 586 584

i +i +i +i +i

582 580 578 576 574

− 1

i +i +i +i +i
4×148 4×147+2 4×147 4×146+2 4×146

 [∵ i4 = 1 and i2 =-1]

i +i +i +i +i
= − 1
4×145+2 4×145 4×144+2 4×144 4×143+2
i +i +i +i +i
2 2
1+ i +1+ i +1
=
2 2 2
− 1

i +1+ i +1+ i

=
−1
1
− 1

= -2
11. We have |z - 5i / z + 5i| = 1

|z−5i| |z1|
⇒ =1 { | Z1

Z2
| = }

|z+5i| |z2|

⇒ |z - 5i| = |z + 5i| ⇒ |x + iy - 5i| = |x + iy + 5i|

⇒ |x+i(y−5)|2 = |x+i(y+5)|2 ⇒ x2 + (y−5)2 = x2 + (y+5)2

2 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 ⇒ 20y = 0 ⇒ y = 0

So, z lies on the x -axis (real axis).

−2−i√3 –
12. 1
=
1
=
1
× [multiply and divide by −2 − i√3 ]
−2+ √−3 −2+i√3 −2+i√3 −2−i√3

−2−i√3
=
2
4−3i

√3
= −
2

7
−
7
i .
13. Let z = a + ib

⇒ z̄ = a - ib {complex conjugate of z}

Now, z + z̄ = (a + ib) + (a - ib) = 2a = 2Re(z)

Hence, z + z̄ is real.
14. i62

⇒ i4× 15+2

⇒ i4(15) i2 ⇒ i2 = -1 [ i4n = 1]

so it is of the form i4n+2 , solution would be -1

15. We have,

(a + b) - i(3a + 2b) = 5 + 2i

Y
⇒ a + b = 5 and -(3a + 2b) = 2 [comparing real and imaginary parts]

⇒ a = -12, b = 17

M
z1 √3+i√3 √3− i 3+ √3 3− √3
16. z2
= × =( 4
) + (
4
)i which is represented by a point in the first quadrant
√3+i √3− i

17. (2 + 9i).(11 + 3i) = 2 × 11 + 2 × 3i +11 × 9i + 9 × 3i2

= 22 + 6i + 99i - 27 [∵ i2 = - 1]

= - 5 + 105i
DE
18. (1 + i) - (-1 + i6)

1 + i + 1 - 6i = 2 - 5i
CA
9
19. i 37
= i
4×9+1
= (i )
4
× i = 1 × i = i

3 3
−i −i
i
−61
=
1

61
×
i

3
=
i

64
=
16
=
1
= −i

i i i 4
(i )

∴ (i
37
+ i
−61
) = i + (-i) = 0

=> (i37 + i-61) =0

SA

20. i998 = i 4×249+2

[∵ i4 = 1]

249
4 2 2
= (i ) × i = (1 × i )

= i2 - 1.
180 178 176 174 172
i +i +i +i +i
21. we have, (

IM

)
170 162 166 164 162
i +1 +1 +1 +1
180 178 176 174 172
i +i +i +i +i
= (
170 168 166 164 162
)

i +i +i +i +i

4 45 4 44 2 4 44 4 43 2 4 43
(1 ) + (1 ) ⋅ 1 + (1 ) + (1 ) ⋅ 1 + (1 )
= (
42 42 41 41 40
)

4 2 4 4 2 4 4 2
(1 ) ⋅ 1 + (1 ) + (1 ) ⋅ 1 + (1 ) + (1 ) ⋅1

45 44 2 44 43 2 43

[i4 = 1]

(1) +(1) ⋅ 1 +(1) +(1) ⋅ 1 +(1)

= ( )
42 2 42 41 2 41 40 2
(1) ⋅ 1 +(1) +(1) ⋅ 1 +(1) +(1) ⋅1

2 2
1+ i +1+ i +1
= (
2 2 2
)

i +1+ i +1+ i

[i2 = -1]

1−1+1−1+1
= ( )
−1+1−1+1−1

1
= (
−1
)

= -1
22. We have, 4 + 3i7 = 4 + 3(i4) (i2) i

= 4 + 3(1) (- 1) i [∵ i4 = 1, i2 = - 1]

= 4 - 3i

−−−−−−−−−
∴ Modulus = ∣∣4 + 3i 7
∣
∣ = |4 − 3i| = √4
2
+ (−3)
2

−−−−− −−
= √16 + 9 = √25 =5

3 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
23. Let z = 1 - i. Then,

z-1 = 1

z
=
1−i
1

1+i
=
1−i
1
×
1+i

1+i
=
2

1−i

=
1

2
(1 + i)

1 1
= + i
2 2
–
24. z = (1 + √3i)
2

= 1 + 3i2 +2√3i
–

–
= 1 - 3 + 2√3i

–
= -2 +2√3i

−2−2√3i
Then, 1

z
=
1
× {Rationalize the denominator}

−2+2√3i −2−2√3i

−2−2√3i
=
2

4−12i

[i2 = -1]

−2−2√3i
=
16

z-1=
−1 √3
− i
8 8
2

Y
2

[∵ i19 = i16 . i3]

25
25. We have, [ i 19
+ (
1

i
) ] = [i
16
⋅ i
3
+
1

25
]
(i)

2 2

[∵ i4 = 1 and i2 = - 1]

M
4
= [(i 4
) ⋅ i
2
⋅ i +
1

24
] = [(1) (−i) +
4 1

6
]
(i) ⋅i 4
(i ) ⋅i

2
2 2 2
1 1 2 − i +1 1+1 2 2
= [−i + 6
] = [−i +
i
] = [
i
] = [
DE i
] = (
i
)

(1) ⋅i

= 4

2
=
−1
4
= - 4 [∵ i2 = 1]
i
3+2i
26. −2+i

3+2i −2−i
= × [multiply and divide by -2 -i]

CA
−2+i −2−i
2

(∵ i2 = -1)

−6−3i−4i−2i
=
2
4−i
−6−7i+2
=
4+1

−4−7i
=
5

−4 7
SA

= − i
5 5

27. (1 + i)6 = {(1 + i)2}3 = (1 + i2 + 2i)3 = (1 - 1 + 2i)3 = 8 i3 = -8i

and (1 - i)3 = 1 - i3 - 3i + 3i2 = 1 + i - 3i - 3 = -2 - 2i

Therefore, (1 + i)6 + (1 - i)3 = -8i - 2 - 2i = -2 - 10i

(1 + i)6 + (1 - i)3 = -2 - 10i

IM

28. We have, i4n+1 – i4n–1

= i4n.i - i4n.i-1

= (i4) n.i - (i4) n. i-1

= (1) n.i - (1) n. i-1 [i4 = 1]

= i - i-1

= i −
1

2
i −1
=
i

−1−1
=
i

−2
=
i
×
i

i
[multiply and divide by i]

−2i −2i
=
2
=
−1

= 2i
29. (1 - i)4 = [(1 - i)2]2

= (1 + i2 - 2i)2

= (1 - 1 - 2i)2 = (-2i)2

2
= 4i = 4 × −1 = −4

4 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
30. We have (1 - i)n (1 −
n
1

i
)

]n = [(1 − i) (1 −
n
= [(1 − i) (1 − 1

i
)] =[(1 - i)(1 − 1

i
×
i

i
)
i

2
)]

= [(1 - i)(1 + i)]n

= [1 - i2]n = [1 + 1]n = 2n

Hence, (1 - i)n (1 − = 2n.

n
1
)
i
−
−−
31. Given: (2 − √−3)
2

[a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab]

−
−− 2 −
−−
= (2) 2
+ (√−3) − 2(2)(√−3)
−
−−
= 4 + (−3) − 4√−3

−
−−
= 4 − 3 − 4√−3

– 2 2
= 1 − 4√3i [∵ i = −1]

–
= 1 − 4i √3
−−−−−−
32. Let √8 − 15i = (x - iy)

On squaring both sides, we get

(8-15i) = (x - iy)2

⇒ (8 - 15i) = (x2 - y2) - i(2xy)

Y
On comparing real parts and imaginary parts on both sides, we get

x2 - y2 = 8 and 2xy = 15

M
⇒ x2 - y2 = 8 ...(1)

and xy =
15

2
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− DE
2 −−−−− −− −−−
⇒ (x
2 2 2 2
+ y ) = √(x − y ) + 4x y
2 2
= √64 + 225 = √289 = 17

⇒ x2 + y2 = 17 ...(2)

add (1) and (2), we get

2x2 = 25 ⇒ x 2 25 5

CA
⇒ = ⇒ x = ±
2 √2

subtract (2) from (1), we get

⇒ 2y2 = 9 ⇒ y 2
=
9

2
⇒ y = ±
3

√2

since xy > 0, so x and y are of the same sign.

SA

−−−−−− −5
Hence, √8 − 15i = ( 5
−
3
i) or ( +
3
i) .
√2 √2 √2 √2

33. Let z = (2 + 3i)2 = (2 + 3i)(2 + 3i)

z = 4 + 6i + 6i + 9i2

z = 4 + 12i + 9i2

IM

z = 4 + 12i - 9

z = -5 + 12i

now complex conjugate of z isz̄ ,

=>z̄ = -5 - 12i
34. Case I, Let z = a + 0i

⇒ z̄ = a - 0i

Now, z − z̄ = (a + 0i) - (a - 0i) = 0 ==> z - z̄ = 0

Case II, Let z = 0 + bi

⇒ z̄ = 0 - bi

Now, z − z̄ = (0 + ib) - (0 - ib) = 2ib = 2ilm(z) = Imaginary

Case III, Let z = a + ib

⇒ z̄ = a - ib

Now, z − z̄ = (a + ib) - (a - ib) = 2ib = 2iIm(z) = Imaginary

Thus, (z − z̄ ) is either 0 or imaginary.
−(2+5i) 3+6i
35. We have, (- 2 - 5i) ÷ (3 - 6i) = 3−6i
×
3+6i

[multiplying numerator and denominator by conjugate of 3 - 6i i.e., 3 + 6i]

2
−[6+12i+15i+30i ]

= 2 2

(3) −(6i)

5 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 [∵ i2 = - 1]

−[6+27i−30]
= 9+36

−(−24+27i)
= 45
=
24

45
−
27

45
i

= 15
8
−
3

5
i = a + ib [say]

8 −3
where, a = 15
and b = 5

36. We have,

4x + i (3x - y) = 3 - 6i

⇒ 4x + i (3x - y) = 3 + i (- 6)

On equating real and imaginary parts from both sides, we get

3
4x = 3 ⇒ x = 4
and 3x - y = - 6

⇒ 3( 3

4
) - y = - 6 [∵ x = 3

4
]

⇒
9

4
- y = - 6

⇒ y= 9

4
+ 6 =
33

∴ x= 3

4
and y = 33

4
100
1−i
37. We have ( 1+i
) = a + bi

100
1−i 1−i
⇒ ( × ) = a + bi [multiply and divide by (1-i) ]

Y
1+i 1−i

2 100
1+ i −2i
⇒ (
2
) = a + bi
1−i

M
100 100
1−1−2i −2i
⇒ (
1+1
) = a + bi ⇒ ( 2
) = a + bi

⇒ (−i)100 = a + bi ⇒ i100 = a + bi
DE
⇒ (i4)25 = a + bi

⇒ 1 + 0i = a + bi

Comparing the real part and imaginary parts, we have a = 1, b = 0

Hence (a,b) = (1,0)

CA

38. We have, 1 + i10 + i20 + i30

= 1 + (i4)2.i2 + (i4)5 + (i4)7.i2

⇒ 1 + (1)2.i2 + (1)5 + (1)7.i2 [i4 = 1]

= 1 + i2 + 1 + i2

SA

= 1 -1 + 1 -1

=0
(1+i)(2+i)
39. Let z = 3+i

2
2+i+2i+i
=

IM

3+i
1+3i
=
3+i

1+3i 3−i
=
3+i
×
3−i

2
3−i+9i−3i
=
2

9−i

6+8i
=
10

3+4i
z= 5

3−4i
⇒ z̄ =
5

40. We have, (2 - 3i)3

= 23 - 3 × 22 × 3i - 3 × 2 × (3i)2 - (3i)3 [(a-b)3 = a3 - 3a2b - 3ab2 - b3]

= 8 - 36i + 54 + 27i

= 46 - 9i.
41. We have,

|z + z | = |z | + |z | +2 |z | |z | cos(θ − θ )

2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

∵ −1 ≤ cos (θ1 − θ2 ) ≤ 1

⇒ cos(θ1 − θ2 ) ≥ −1

⇒ 2 |z1 | |z2 | cos(θ1 − θ2 ) ≥ −2 |z1 | |z2 |

⇒ |z1 |
2
+ |z2 |
2
+2 |z1 | |z2 | cos (θ1 − θ2 ) ≥ |z1 |
2 2
+ |z2 | − 2 |z1 | |z2 |

6 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 2 2
⇒ |z1 + z2 | ≥ (|z1 | − |z2 |)

⇒ |z1 + z2 | > |z1 | − |z2 |

Hence proved.
42. ( 1

5
+
2

5
i) − (4 +
5

2
i)

=
1

5
+
2

5
i − 4 −
5

2
i

= (
1

5
− 4) + (
2

5
−
5

2
)i

−19 21
= − i
5 10
2 2
(1+i) 1+ i +2i
43. Given that 2−i
= x + iy ⇒ 2−i
= x + iy

1−1+2i 2i
⇒
2−i
= x + iy ⇒ 2−i
= x + iy

2i(2+i) 2
4i+2i
⇒ = x + iy ⇒ 2
= x + iy [multyply & divide by 2 + i]

(2−i)(2+i) 4−i

= x + iy [∵ i2 = - 1]

4i−2
⇒
4+1
−2+4i −2
⇒
5
= x + iy ⇒ 5
+
4

5
i = x + iy

Compare the real part and imaginary parts, we get

−2
x= 5
and y = 4

−2
Hence, x + y = 4 2
.

Y
+ =
5 5 5
−−−−−− −−−−−−
|z|+Re(z) |z|−Re(z)
44. √z = ±[√ 2
+i √
2
] , if Im (z) > 0

−−−−−− −−−−−−

M
|z|+Re(z) |z|−Re(z)

√z = ±[√
2
−i √
2
, if Im (z) < 0

−−−−− −−
z = -5 + 12i, Re (z) = -5 and |z| = √25 + 144 = 13

Here, Im (z) = 12=>Im (z) > 0

DE
−−−−−− −−−−−−
|z|+Re(z) |z|−Re(z)
∴ √z = ± [√
2
+i √
2
]

−−−− −−−−
13−5 13+5
= ±[√
2
+i √
2
]

– –
= ±[√4 + i √9]

CA

= ±(2 + 3i)

45. Given that |z1| = |z2| = ..... = |zn| = 1

⇒ |z1|2 = |z2|2 = ..... = |zn|2 = 1

= 1

SA

⇒ z1 z̄ 1 = z2 z̄ 2 = z3 z̄ 3 = … = zn z̄ n

⇒ z1 =
1
, z2 =
1
, … , zn =
1

z̄ 1 z̄ 2 z̄ n

Now, |z 1 + z2 + z3 + z4 + … + zn |

z1 z̄ 1 z2 z̄ 2 z3 z̄ 3 zn z̄ n
∣ ∣
=∣ z̄ 1
+
z2
+
z̄ 3
+ ⋯ +
zn ∣
= ∣∣ 1

z̄ 1
+
1

z̄ 2
+
z̄ 3
1
+ ⋯ +
1

z̄ n
∣
∣

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
IM

=∣ ∣ 1
z1
1
+
z2
1
+
z3
1 ∣
+ ⋯ +
zn ∣
∣ 1
∣ z1 + = 1

z2
+ ⋯ +
1

zn
∣
∣
−−−−−− −−−−− −
|z|+Re(z) |z|−Re(z)
46. √z = ±[√ 2
+i √
2
] , if Im (z) > 0

−−−−−− −−−−−−
|z|+Re(z) |z|−Re(z)
√z = ±[√
2
−i √
2
] , if Im (z) < 0

z = -i, Re (z) = 0, |z| = 1

Here, Im (z) = -1

=> Im (z) < 0

−−−−−− −−−−−−
|z|+Re(z) |z|−Re(z)
∴ √z = ± [√
2
−i √
2
]

−
− −
−
= ±[√
1

2
− i√
1

2
]

1
= ± (1 − i)
√2

47. We have ∑ 13

n=1
(in + in + 1)

= (i+i2) + (i2+i3) + (i3+i4) + (i4+i5) + (i5+i6)+(i6+i7)+(i7+i8) + (i8+i9) + (i9+i10) + (i10+i11) + (i11+i12) + (i12+i13) + (i13+i14)

= i + 2(i2 + i3 + i4 + i5 + i6 + i7 + i8 + i9 + i10 + i11 + i12 + i13) + i14

= i + 2[-1 - i + 1 + i - 1 - i + 1 + i - 1 - i + 1 + i]+(−1) [i2 = i6 = i10 = -1, i3 = i7 = i11 = -i, i4 = i8 = i12 = 1]

= i + 2(0) - 1 ⇒ - 1 + i

Hence ∑ (i + i ) = -1 + i
13

n=1
n n+1

7 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
48. Now, 1
=
1

z1 z̄2 (2−i)(−2−i)

= 1

−4−2i+2i+i

= −4−1
1
= −
1

5
= −
1

5
+ 0i
∴ Im [ 1
] = Im [- 1
+ 0i] = 0
z1 ¯
¯¯
z ¯
2
5

−−
49. Let √−i = (x − iy).....(i)

On squaring both sides of (i), we get

-i = (x − iy) ⇒ −i = (x − y ) − i(2xy) ....(ii)

2 2 2

On comparing real parts and imaginary parts on both sides of (ii),

we get

(x
2
− y )= 0
2
and 2xy = 1

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2
−− −−−− −−−− –
∴ (x
2 2 2 2
+ y ) = √(x − y ) + 4x y
2 2 2 2
= √0 + 1 = √0 + 1 = √1 = 1

Thus, (x2- y2) = 0 ........(iii) and (x2 + y2) = 1 ....(iv)

On solving (iii) and (iv), we get

=> x = and y = .

2 1

2
2 1

2
1 1
∴ x = ± and y = ±

√2 √2

Y
Since xy > 0, so x and y are of the same sign

−1 −1
∴ (x =
1
,y =
1
)  or  (x = ,y = )

M
√2 √2 √2 √2

−− 1 1 −1 1
Hence, √−i = ( − i ⋅ ) or ( + i ⋅ )
√2 √2 √2 √2

50. Let z= a + ib

−−−−−−
2
−
2
⇒ |z| = √(a + b )

Now , z2 + |z|2 = 0

DE
⇒ (a + ib)2 + a2 + b2 = 0

a2 + 2abi + i2b2 + a2 + b2 = 0 [(x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy]

CA
⇒

⇒ a2 + 2abi - b2 + a2 + b2 = 0

⇒ 2a2 + 2abi = 0

⇒ 2a(a + ib) = 0

=> 2az = 0

SA

=> a = 0 or z = 0

Since z ≠ 0

a = 0

=> z = bi ⇒ z is purely imaginary.

IM

1−ix
51. Here 1+ix
= a − ib

By componendo and dividendo, we have

1−ix+1+ix a−ib+1

1−ix−1−ix
=
a−ib−1

1−a−ib
⇒
−2ix
2
=
−(1−a+ib)

1 1+a−ib
⇒ =
ix 1−a+ib
1−a+ib 1+a+ib
⇒ ix =
1+a−ib
×
1+a+ib

2 2
1− a − b +2ib
⇒ ix =
1 2 1

(1+a) − i b
2 2
1− a − b +2ib
⇒ ix =
2 2

(1+a) + b

2 2
1− a − b
=
2 2
+
2b

2 2
i

(1+a) + b (1+a) + b

If a2 + b2 = 1 then

2b
x =
2 2
which is real.
(1+a) + b

52. Let z = (1 - 2i)-3

= 1

3
=
3
1

2
[∵ (a - b)3 = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2]

(1−2i) 1−8i −6i+12i

= 2
1

1−8i ⋅i−6i+12(−1)

8 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 = 1+8i−6i−12
1
[∵ i2 = - 1]

−11−2i
= 1

−11+2i
= −11+2i
1
×
−11−2i
[multiplying numerator and denominator by - 11 - 2i]

[∵ (a - b) (a + b) = a2 - b2]

−11−2i −11−2i
= 2 2
=
121+4
(−11) −(2i)

−11−2i −11
= 125
=
125
−
2i

125
= a + ib [say]

−11 −2
where, a = 125
and b = 125

53. Given: z = 2 - 3i

To Prove: z2 - 4z + 13 = 0

LHS, z2 - 4z + 13

Put, z = 2 - 3i, we get

(2 - 3i)2 - 4(2 - 3i) + 13

= 4 + 9i2 - 12i - 8 + 12i + 13

= 9(-1) + 9

= -9 + 9

= 0

= RHS

Y
Hence, z2 - 4z + 13 = 0 …(i)

Now, we have to deduce 4z3 - 3z2 + 169

M
Now, we will expand 4z3 - 3z2 + 169 in this way so that we can use the above equation i.e. z2 - 4z + 13

= 4z3 - 16z2 + 13z2 +52z - 52z + 169

DE
Re - arrange the terms,

= 4z3 - 16z2 + 52z + 13z2 - 52z + 169

= 4z(z2 - 4z + 13) + 13 (z2 - 4z + 13)

= 4z(0) + 13(0) [from eq. (i)]

CA

= 0

= RHS
4z3 - 3z2 + 169 = 0

Hence Proved.
SA

1 2 3−4i 1+i−2+8i 3−4i

54. [ 1−4i
−
1+i
][
5+i
] = [
(1−4i)(1+i)
][
5+i
]

−1+9i 3−4i −1+9i 3−4i

= [
2
][
5+i
]= [
5−3i
][
5+i
]

1+i−4i−4i
2
−3+4i+27i−36i 33+31i 28+10i
=
2
=
28−10i
×
28+10i

25+5i−15i−3i
IM

2
924+330i+868i+310i 614+1198i
=
2 2
=
784+100
(∵ i
2
= −1)

(28) − (10i)

2(307+599i) 307+599i
= =
884 442

55. Given, z1 = 3 + i and z2 = 1 + 4i

Now, z1 - z2 = (3 + i) - (1 + 4i) = 2 - 3i

−−−−−−−−− −
∴ |z1 − z2 | = |2 − 3i| = √(2)2 + (−3)2

−−−− −−
= √4 + 9 = √13 = 3.60 ...(i)

As z1 = 3 + i

−− −−−− −−
2
⇒ |z1 | = √3 + 1
2
= √10 and

z2 = 1 + 4i

−− −−−− −−
2 2
⇒ |z2 | = √1 + 4 = √17

−− −−
∴ |z1 | − |z2 | = √10 − √17 = 3.16 - 4.12 = - 0.96 ...(ii)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

|z1 − z2 | > |z1 | − |z2 |

56. (x + iy) (4 + 5i) = 6 - 2i

⇒ 4x + 5xi + 4yi + 5y i
2
= 6 − 2i

⇒ (4x − 5y) + (5x + 4y)i = 6 − 2i

Comparing real and imaginary parts on both sides, we have

9 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 4x - 5y = 6 and 5x + 4y = - 2

Solving these two equations for x and y , we get

x = and y = −
14

41
38

41

57. x = 3 + 2i

⇒ x2 = (3 + 2i)2

x2 = 9 + 4i2 + 12i

x2 = 5 + 12i

⇒ x3 = x2 × x

x3 = (5 + 12i) × (3 + 2i)

x3 =15 + 10i + 36i - 24

x3 = -9 + 46i

⇒ x4 = (x2)2

= (5 + 12i)2

= 25 + 114i2 + 120i

x4= -119 + 120i

Y
⇒ x4 - 4x3 + 4x2 + 8x + 44 = -119 + 120i - 4 (-9 + 46i) + 4(5 + 12i) +8(3 + 2i) + 44

= -119 + 120i + 36 - 184i + 20 + 48i + 24 + 16i + 44

M
=5
–
58. M.I. of = √5 + 3i
=
√5+3i
1

√5−3i
=
√5+3i
1
×
√5−3i

√5−3i

DE
=
2 2

( √5) − (3i)

√5−3i √5−3i 1 –
= = = (√5 − 3i)
2 5+9 14
5−9i
CA
−−−−−−
59. Let z = a + ib, then |z| = √a 2
+ b
2

If |z| = 1 ⇒ 2
|z| = 1⇒ a2 + b2 = 1

z−1 a+ib−1 (a−1+ib) (a+1−ib)

Now, ( z+1
) = (
a+ib+1
) = (a+1+ib)
×
(a+1−ib)
[multiplying numerator and denominator by {(a + 1) - ib}]

[ ∵ (x + y) (x - y) = x2 - y2]

[(a−1)+ib][(a+1)−ib]
=
SA

2 2 2
(a+1) − i b

2 2
( a + b −1)+2bi

= 2 2

(a+1) + b

[using, a2 + b2 = 1]

(1−1)+2bi
= 2 2
a +1+2a+ b

[using, a2 + b2 = 1]

IM

0+2bi
= =
2bi

2+2a
2 2
( a + b )+1+2a

=0+ bi

1+a

z−1 z−1
∴ Real part of ( z+1
) is zero and imaginary part of ( z+1
) is b

1+a

z−1
∴ (
z+1
) =
ib

1+a
is purely imaginary.

Again, when z = 1, then a + ib = 1 + 0i

So, in this case, a = 1, b = 0

z−1 a+ib−1 1+0i−1

∴ (
z+1
) =
a+ib+1
=
1+0i+1
= 0, which is purely real.
60. Let, z1 = x1 + iy1, z2 = x2 + iy2

Given: |z1| = 1

∴ x
2
1
+ y = 1
2
1
z1 −1
Also, z2 = z1 +1

x1 +iy1 −1
∴ x2 + iy2 = x1 +iy +1

1
x1 −1+iy
⇒ x2 + iy2 = x1 +1+iy1
1

( x1 −1+iy )( x1 +1−iy )
⇒ x2 + iy2 = 1

( x1 +1+ y )( x1 +1−iy )
1
[Rationalizing the denominator]

1 1

10 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
 2
( x1 −1)( x1 +1)−iy1 ( x1 −1)+iy1 ( x1 +1)+ y

x2 + iy2 =

1
⇒
2 2
( x1 +1) − (iy )
1
2 2
x −1+ y −iy x1 +iy +iy x1 +iy

x2 + iy2 =

1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒
2 2
( x1 +1) − (iy )
1
2 2
x +y −1+2iy

x2 + iy2 =

1 1 1
⇒
2 2
( x1 +1) − (iy1 )

1−1+2iy1
⇒ x2 + iy2 = 2 2
[∵ x
2
1
+ y
2
1
= 1]

( x1 +1) − (iy )
1
2iy
⇒ x2 + iy2 = 2
1

2
[∵ x
2
1
+ y
2
1
= 1]

( x1 +1) − (iy )
1

Since there is no real in the RHS, therefore x2 = 0.

Thus, the real part of the z2 = 0.

61. Given: a = cos θ + i sin θ

1+a 1+cos θ+i sin θ

1−a
= 1−cos θ−i sin θ

(1+cos θ+i sin θ)(1−cos θ+i sin θ)

= [Rationalizing the denominator]

(1−cos θ−i sin θ)(1−cos θ+i sin θ)

(1+cos θ+i sin θ)(1−cos θ+i sin θ)

= 2 2

(1−cos θ ) −(i sin θ )

2 2
(1+i sin θ ) − cos θ
= 2

1−2 cos θ+ cos 2 θ+ sin θ

Y
2 2
1+2i sin θ− sin θ− cos θ
= 2 2
1−2 cos θ+ cos θ+ sin θ

[∵ cos2 θ + sin2 θ = 1]

1+2i sin θ−1

=

M
2 2
1−2 cos θ+ cos θ+ sin θ
2i sin θ
= 1−2 cos θ+1

= 2i sin θ

2−2 cos θ

DE
= i sin θ

1−cos θ

θ θ
i2 sin cos

= 2

θ
2

2
2 sin
2
θ
i cos
CA
θ
= 2

θ
= i cot
2
sin
2
13
(1+i)
62. We have, z = 7

(1−i)

13 7

[multiplying numerator and denominator by (1 + i)7]

(1+i) (1+i)
∴ z= ×
SA

7 7
(1−i) (1+i)

20 20
(1+i) (1+i)
=
7
=
7

2 (1+1)
(1− i )

20
(1+i)
=
7
=
1

7
(1 + i )
20

2 2
10
=
1

7
[(1 + i ) ]
2

IM

2
10
=
1

7
[1 + 2i + i ]
2

2
10
(2)
=
1

7
[2i ]
10
=
7
(i )
10

2 2

= (2)3 (i2)5 = 8 (- 1)5

∴ z = - 8

Let z = r (cosθ + i sinθ)

⇒ - 8 = r (cosθ + i sinθ)

On equating real and imaginary parts, we get

- 8 = r cosθ ...(i)

and 0 = r sinθ ...(ii)

On squaring and adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

r2 (cos2θ + sin2θ) = 64

⇒ r2 = 64
⇒ r = 8

∴ |z| = r = 8

On putting the value of r in Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

cosθ = - 1

and sinθ = 0

11 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY
Since, sin θ is zero and cos θ is negative.

So, z lies on negative X-axis, and θ = π

∴ z = 8 (cosπ + i sinπ )

Hence, modulus = r = 8 and argument = θ = π .

Y
M
DE
CA
SA
IM

12 / 12
IMS ACACDEMY