THEORIES AND PRINCIPLE OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

Multi- view- drawing -a drawing that shows more than one view of an object.
Orthographic Projection - a system for graphical representation of an object by line drawing
on a flat surface.
Orthographic View – a drawing that shows a side of an object viewed directly from 90
degrees.

Six (6) Principal Views of an Object

1. Front View
2. Right Side View
3. Left Side View
4. Top View
5. Rear View
6. Bottom View

An orthographic view is made by projecting the edge of the object perpendicular to a plane
of projection.

Planes of Projection

Three planes of projection are used in orthographic drawing. These are called the horizontal
plane, frontal plane, and the profile plane.

The planes of projection join and form quadrants. The quadrants are called first angle,
second angle, third angle, and fourth angle. The first and the third quadrants are used for
drafting purposes.
Overall Size of the Object

1. Height is the perpendicular distance between two horizontal planes.

2. Width is the perpendicular distance between two profile planes.
3. Depth is the perpendicular distance between two frontal planes.