Ex.

No: 5 STRESS ANALYSIS OF AXI-SYMMETRIC COMPONENTS

Date :

AIM
A pipe of 100 mm external dia. And 20 mm thickness carries water at a pressure of 20
MPa. Determine the maximum and minimum intensities of hoop stresses in the section
of pipe. Also plot the variation of hoop and radial stresses across the thickness of pipe.

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

Young’s Modulus :
200 GPa Poisson’s
ratio : 0.3

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
RAM : 8GB
Processor : Core 2 Quad / Core 2 Duo
Operating system : Window 8/9/10/11
Software : ANSYS (Version 2022R1)

PROCEDURE
The three main steps to be involved are,
 Pre Processing
 Solution
 Post Processing
Start - All Programs - ANSYS Mechanical APDL 2022 R1
- Set the Working Directory as E Drive, User; Job Name as Roll No., Ex. No. -
Click Run.

Pre-processing
 Utility menu: Select File - Change Title - Enter the title (Give title of your
choice) in the window appeared and Click OK.
 Preferences - Structural - Click h-method - Click OK.
  Preprocessor - Element Type - Add/Edit/Delete - Add - Solid (sub window
1) - 4 node 182 (sub window 2) - OK. Options - Change Axi- symmetric by
K3 - OK - Close.

 Preprocessor - Material Properties - Material Model - Structural - Linear -

Elastic - Isotropic - EX=2e5, PRXY=0.3 - OK - Exit.
 Preprocessor - Modeling - Create - Areas - Rectangle - By Dimensions,
X1 X2 Y1 Y2

30 50 0 20

 Preprocessor - Meshing - Mesh Tool – SMART SIZE – reduce to fine mesh

3-
- Mesh - Select the object - OK.
Solution
 Solution - Analysis Type - New Analysis - Static - OK.
 Solution - Define Loads - Apply - Structural - Displacement - On lines - Pick
the bottom line of rectangle - Click Y direction by UY & Enter the
displacement value=0 - OK.
 Solution - Define Loads - Apply - Structural – pressure - On lines - Click
the left hand line of the area - Apply - enter the value= 20 - OK.
 Solution - Solve - Current LS - OK - Solution is done displayed - Close.
Post Processing

 General Postprocessor -> Plot Results ->Contour plot> Element Solu >Stress>X
component of stress>ok (Pick Sx, Sz and examine each).

Graph Stresses in Cross Section

 MAIN MENU: General Postproc > Path Operations > Define Path-By Nodes
 DEFINE PATH: Pick nodes along the Radius (Horizontal ) from inner radius to
outer radius. Click OK.
 In the Define Path Name box, type: Dist, click OK.
 PATH OPERATIONS: Map On to Path> Highlight Stress
 MAP ONTO PATH: User Label Item >1> Stress Highlight Z-Direction SZ (Hoop)
>OK
 MAP ONTO PATH: User Label Item >3> Stress Highlight X-Direction SX (Radial)
>OK
 PATH OPERATIONS: Plot Path Items -On Graph > Highlight SZ & SX > OK

 General Postproc - List Results - Nodal Solution - Stress - von Mises stress
- OK.
 General Postproc - List Results - Nodal Solution - DOF Solution -
 Displacement vector sum - OK.
 PlotCtrls - Style - Symmetry Expansion - 2D Axi-symmetric - ¾ expansion
- OK.
 PlotCtrls - Capture Image - Saved the image.

Hand Calculation

We can calculate SX and SZ from solid mechanics formulas for thick walled cylinders.
These equations are given by Stress,

HOOP
Stress (SZ) Difference

Hand calculation ANSYS results

RADIAL
Stress (SX) Difference

Hand calculation ANSYS results

RESULT
Thus the stress analysis of an axi-symmetric component (pipe) is carried
out by using the ANSYS software.