Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s

Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423 603

(An Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)
NACC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified

Department of Computer Engineering

(NBA Accredited)

Subject- Digital Electronics and Data

Communications(CO204)
Unit 1- Logic Minimization

Prof. J. N. Kale
Assistant Professor
E-mail : kalejaydeepcomp@sanjivani.org.in
Contact No: 8329241094
 Objectives of the Course

1. To understand procedure of Logic Minimization.

2. To study combinational circuits.
3. To study sequential circuit.
4. To learn different signal modulation techniques.
5. To understand basics of data communication.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 2

 Objective of Lecture

• To know Why Digital?

• To learn representation of binary information in digital circuit.
• To understand Logical expression

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 3

 Why Digital?

• Everywhere is digital!!
• Advantages of Digital System
• Only two states ON and OFF.. So
operation is simple
• Boolean algebra.. Simple!!
• Integrated circuits..
• Information storage is easy
• Billions of bits in physical space
• Accuracy is more.
• Operations can be programmed..
• Noise immunity..

DEPARTMENT Osmall F COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 4

 Representation of Binary Information

• Binary information is represented by voltages.

• For example zero volt might represent binary 0
and +5V represent binary 1.
• In reality due to circuit variations 0 and 1 are
represented by voltage range.
• As shown in figure binary 0 is represented by voltage
in range 0 to 0.8V and binary 1 is represented by
voltage in range 2V to 5V.
• So here exact value of voltage is not important..

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 5

 Digital signal and timing diagram

• Figure shows digital signal and how it

varies over time.
• It is a graph of voltage versus time and
called as timing diagram
• Voltage transitions are not instantaneous..

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 6

 Digital Circuit

• Digital circuits are designed to produce output

voltage that fall within prescribed 0 and 1 voltage
ranges..
• Digital circuits will respond in same way to all input
voltage that fall within allowed 0 range.
• Similarly it will respond in same way to all input
voltage that fall within allowed 1 range.
• The manner in which digital circuit responds to input
is called circuits logic.
• Each type of digital circuit obeys certain set of logic
rules.
• So Digital circuit is called as Logic circuit.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 7

 Digital circuit

• We must describe how digital circuit operate..

• So many methods are available..
• Logical expression
• These are the expression which are used to describe relationship between
logic circuits output and input.
• The expression which produces either true or false value.
• Example
• The door is closed.
• Button is pressed.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 8

 Digital circuit cont..

• A manufacturing plant needs to have a horn sound to signal quitting

time. The horn should be activated when either of the following
condition is met.
a. Its after 5 o’clock and all machines are shut down.
b. Its Friday, the production run for day is complete and all
machine are shut down.
Design logic circuit that will control the horn.
• Writing logical expression is tedious. So use symbols like A,B, X,Y…

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 9

 Digital circuit cont..

• Boolean algebra
• It can be used as a tool to create logic circuit.
• Used for analysis and simplification of digital circuits.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 10