PetroKnowledge

P.O. Box: 135120

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Tel: +971 (02) 557 7389
Email: info@petroknowledge.com

Understanding LNG Terminals & Terminal

Operations

Date Venue Fees

11 - 15 Dec 2023 Dubai - UAE $ 5950
22 - 26 Jan 2024 Dubai - UAE $ 5950
03 - 07 Jun 2024 London - UK $ 5950
09 - 13 Dec 2024 Dubai - UAE $ 5950

Introduction

Why Choose this Training Course?

LNG Trade has gained immense traction in the recent past. With the LNG terminal business
projected to be in full throttle in the next years, the need to understand the ins and outs,
including the commercial and technical risks in end to end LNG Terminals, Terminal Operations
and Ship/Truck and Land based LNG cargo operations, is a must for all players that are involved
or looking to be involved in LNG operations.

This PetroKnowledge course covers the technical aspects and practical commercial
considerations in LNG Terminals and terminal operations and cargo operations from (voyage
planning and cargo management) through LNG transportation contracts, terminal operations,
tanker loading and discharge procedures, and LNG custody transfer measurement and
calculations. Learn more about the LNG Terminal and shipping industry and be equipped as you
aim to stay ahead and get ahead in this niche shipping business.

Training Objectives

What are the Goals?

The achievable for the training course will include:

● Improving your LNG terminal handling, loading and discharging of bulk liquids
● Learning about LNG SIMOPS and LNG international guidelines and regulations concerning
tankers and terminals including the science of LNG, new technologies, properties and types of
cargoes transfers now available
● Understanding the techniques used globally regarding LNG Quality & Quantity
● Becoming familiar with state of the art LNG loading and discharge operations and equipment

Training Methods

How will this Training Course be presented?

This intensive 5-Day training course will equip you with a detailed practical grounding in
advanced LNG terminal and operations.

Theory-based and delivered in a practical method, including factual case studies from around
the globe and in a workshop format. You will learn the practical tools and techniques that can be
utilised to manage commercial and operational risks more effectively and make better practical
investment decisions.

Target Audience

Who is this Training Course for?

This training course is designed for anyone with immediate responsibility for LNG
Terminals and Operations including; Safety Officers, Superintendants, Terminal
Loading personnel, crew and terminal operators involved in discharging LNG,
Technical staff involved in custody transfer or handling oil or gas cargoes; especially
oil and gas operators, terminals, vessel owners and operators, POAC and Insurance
Marine surveyors. Attendees include:

● LNG suppliers, traders and distributors

● Ship owners and operators
● Superintendents and safety officers
● Technical and operations executives
● Charterers and traders
● Ship brokers
● Port and terminal operators
● P&I club and marine insurance
● Ship Owners and Managers
● Offshore Vessel and FPSO Owners and Operators
● Oil Majors, NOCs and Independents
● Ship Superintendents and Safety Officers
● Ship Officers and Crews (Master, Chief Officers, Chief Engineers etc)
● Loading and Mooring Masters

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● STS Service Providers
● Liquid Cargo and Bunker Surveyors
● Ports and Terminal Operators
● P&I Inspectors and Executives
● LNG FSU Owners, Managers, Operators

Give your organisation the edge in the expanding LNG industry and in preparation of a greater
role LNG will play in the world’s energy supply chain, including LNG cargo cycles and LNG ship
and terminal compatibility studies.

You will learn the critical aspects of LNG Terminal Operations and LTS [Land to Ship] /
STS [Ship to Ship] and /TTS [Truck to Ship] Operations including;

● Mastering the parties involved in the transfers and their relationship to one another
● Gaining a greater understanding of the POAC - Performing different roles at particular point of
the operations
● Seeing real life factually based LNG case studies from Japan, USA, Europe and Korea
● Understanding and focusing Mooring operations maneuvering and risks

Daily Agenda

Day One: Regulations, Standards and Guidelines Governing Transfer

Operations
● MARPOL Annex 1, Section 8 about Oil Tanker/ LNGC
● Latest on transfer Guides for Crude, Products and Liquid Gasses
● International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT)
● Oil Companies International marine Forum (OCIMF) Guidelines
● LNG Vessel operations in port guidance
● LNG Bunkering guidelines (SGMF)

Parties involved and their Relationship to One Another

● How Parties involved (Oil/Gas Majors, Charterers, Service Provider, Cargo Surveyors, FSRU
operators, POAC, Ships’ masters and Mooring Master) work harmoniously to attain operational
efficiency and safety
● LNG/FSRU Ship Management and receiving terminal

Person in Overall Advisory Control

● Qualifications and Training of POAC

● POAC performing different roles at particular point of the operations

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Day Two: Pre-planning and Risk Assessment Considerations
● What is LNG? Hazards and Risks vs. Oil
● Screening / Compatibility Studies of participating vessels
● Ship compatibility, and OPTIMOOR
● Criteria in selecting transfer area and Approval from the authorities
● Security issues
● Checklists and Preparations
● Risk Assessments and Management, Helicopter operations, Cargo Hazards, weather
conditions, personnel injury, mooring unmooring operations
● Oil v/s LNG any differences?

Planning and Equipment

● Plan format and information to include

● Joint operations plan
● Who prepares the plan?
● Supply of equipment, fenders, hoses
● Equipment and Locations
● ISM and Training requirements – Timelines for Compatibility

Plan and Review - Exercise

● Plan review and discuss checklists and equipment items required

● Confirm any training requirements
● Simulation training and bridge team resources management

Types of Custody Transfer Measurement [Quality and Quantity]

● LNG - Systems and Equipment

● Liquid form measurement
● Volumetric measurement
● Temperature measurement
● Custody Transfer Measurement systems
● Dynamic Metering
● Ultrasonic Metering
● Vortex Metering
● Colirious Metering
● (CTMs) testing and checks
● LNG Custody Transfer Procedure

Mooring Operations Manoeuvring and Risks

● Underway and Anchored operations and cast-off ops

● Navigation signals/weather parameters
● Tug and Tender assistance
● Carriage and Delivery of Fenders and Equipment
● Communications
● Mooring operations, weather limitations for operations

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Day Three: Cargo Transfer Operations
● Introduction to LNG vessel types
● Personnel transfer
● Pre-Cargo Transfer meeting
● Checklist and communications confirmation
● Custody Transfer measurement
● Emergency Shut Down tests, Shore ESD 2 and STS ESD 2 difference
● Cargo operations and monitoring
● Differences for operations between oil and LNG

CASE STUDY - Compatibility study and meeting

● OPTIMOOR studies
● Simulator training for FSRU and STS equipment
● Cargo discharge considerations LNG Cargo Unloading arms discharge HP to Shore

Best Practices Oil and LNG comparisons

● Discuss main considerations

● Best practice any real differences between oil and gas?

Emergency Response and Contingency Planning

● Things to do in case of emergency

● General Emergency Response Management
● Things to avoid during emergencies
● Contingency equipment
● Oil spill and LNG leak
● SOPEP/SIMOPS use
● Fire or Structural damage
● Poor weather and mooring failures
● Precautions against piracy
● Media management and communications, parties involved

CASE STUDY - Spill Response during Cargo Transfer Operations

● Immediate response and notifications

● Effects and consequences of the spill
● Contingency considerations after spill

Terminal and Offshore Safety Inspections – Offshore and Terminal Installation

Management Safety [OIM]

Day Four: Electrical Isolations, Terminal Fixtures and Equipment and

Fuels
● Fire and Fire Science – Terminal Safety
● Terminal and Offshore Inspections – Electrical, Fixtures, Fuels
● MDS – Material data Sheet Chemical Sources and ignition
● Mechanical Energy – Liquid and Gas Safety

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Vessel Design, Technology and Operations

● Fuel systems for LNG powered Vessels

● Measures to reduce energy consumption in ship applications
● Cut operating costs while, at the same time, reducing emissions
● Ship design efficiencies
● Technological efficiencies to reduce energy Consumption in all ship application

Failures Investigation and Root Cause Analysis - Case Study & Delegate Exercise –
Terminal Failure Diagnosis, Analysis and Prevention and Planning

New Terminal and Bunkering developments for Marine Engineers and Tech
Superintendents – Wear down, Fatigue and Failure Management Practices and
planning - LNG Fuel, STS and Bunkering

● Overview of SMS & PMS

● Discuss onboard planned maintenance systems – PMS
● Discuss Trend analysis – T.A
● Analysis of Condition monitoring technical - CME
● OEM Main Engine component failures relevant to engine performance

Commercial aspects of General Average Insurance and LNG Cargo Incidents and
Claims - how it affects all participants in the STS Shipping Industry

● What is G.A – why does it affect all participants commercially?

● A - Carriers concerns
● LNG Loss and Case Studies
● LNGC Cost of Losses and how to minimise commercial and economic risks
● LNG Calculations and how to minimise loss
● A - Charterer concerns
● A – Facilities and Operators concerns
● A – STS, Bunker Handlers & Bunker Operators concerns
● Commercial Contracts and the effects on all parties
● Technical nature of G.A
● Rights and Obligations of all participants in the event of G.A

Day Five: Terminal SIMOPS Training – Simultaneous Operations (LNG

Transfers and Operations)
● Considerations when performing SIMOPS
● HAZARD and Risk when performing LNG SIMOPS
● Ship to Ship operations
● 24 Hr LNG operations
● Where do SIMOPS operations occur?
● Why are SIMOPS performed?

Terminal Safety and Planning

❍ SWP/JSA Delegate Exercise - HSE Health and Safety Workplace Practices SWP/JSA for end to
end Bunkering
❍ Bunkering Safety and Risk Management

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● Risk Analysis and Job Safety Analysis – OBJECTIVES
● Technical characteristics of LNG
● Handling, storage and spill risk
● Volatile cargo and gas vapors leak from ruptured tanks, Hoses and pipelines, causing oxygen
deficiencies
● Gas Hazard Monitoring Equipment for JSA
● Adverse Weather Working – Guidelines examples for JSA
● Approach to Installations
● Hose construction and length
● Hose quality and identification
● The ‘Golden’ Safety Rules - Port and Vessel Operations
● Confined space entry
● Process and Mechanical isolations
● Electrical isolation
● Working at Height
● Ground disturbances
● Lifting Operations
● Driving Safety
● Management of Change in Organization, Equipment, Plant, Standards or Procedures that have
a Health, Safety, Integrity and/or Environmental impact
● ‘Step back’ 5 x 5 procedures

Offshore and Terminal Liquid transfers

● In Service Inspections
● Service Leak Testing
● Hose Ops and Vessels Procedures
● COLOUR COUPLINGS INDEXES
● Operational risk profiles
● Inspections and Audit – Rigging
● Inspections and Audit – Wire Ropes
● Inspections – Handling and Chains
● Inspection - Shackles and hardware

Terminal/Cargo and Port State Control [PSC]

● Survey and Inspection requirements

● Vessel particulars
● Documentary certificates
● Condition of vessels hull and machinery
● Defects and efficiency
● PSC Structural condition surveys
● Condition survey requirements
● Special instructions and requirements

Terminal Cargo Interface and Ship Construction designs parameters

● Ship Naval architecture and design for terminal interface

● Cargo and Forces
● Centre of gravity

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● Movement and stability during cargo loading and unloading
● SMS/IMO and Equipment
● Ship motions and vibrations during cargo discharge
● Intact stability analysis
● Damage and stability analysis
● Degrees of freedom during cargo operations
● Systems and monitoring

©2023. Material published by PetroKnowledge shown here is copyrighted.

All rights reserved. Any unauthorized copying, distribution, use, dissemination, downloading, storing (in any medium), transmission,
reproduction or reliance in whole or any part of this course outline is prohibited and will constitute an infringement of copyright.

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