So you

think you
know
everything
about TRY, TRY AGAIN!

present
perfect?
LESSON 1
LET'S REVIEW A BIT OF WHAT WE HAVE SEEN SO FAR
 KEY WORDS THAT WE USE WITH PRESENT PERFECT
TO DESCRIBE PAST EXPERIENCES

For
To describe a
SINCE To describe the
period of time point in time when
when an action an action started
has taken place. happening.

How long has Sam written about

outer space?

Sam hasn't written about outer Sam hasn't written about outer
space for 10 years. space since 2010.
 WE CAN USE THESE KEY WORDS WITH THE NEGATIVE FORM, BUT
FOR THE INTERROGATIVE FORM WE USE HOW LONG

Negative
They haven't talked about exploring the Amazon jungle
since he left a year ago.

They haven't talked about exploring the Amazon jungle

for two weeks now.

Interrogative
How long haven't they talked about exploring the Amazon
jungle?

How long ago have they stopped talking about exploring

the Amazon jungle?
remember!

We use present perfect

for past experiences
the time is unfinished
and unspecified
But simple past
We use it for actions
that started and
finished in the past
THE TIME IS FINISHED

ALWAYS LOOK AT THE KEY WORDS AND UNDERSTAND THE TEXT THAT YOU ARE
READING TO MAKE A CHOICE BETWEEN SIMPLE PAST AND PRESENT PERFECT!
 QUESTION #1

ever / never
Used with the
Used to say a negative
interrogative form to ask
statement but in the
if someone has done
affirmative form.
something before.

Have you ever climbed a volcano? No, I have never climbed one before.
 Answer
sheet
FOR THESE ACTIVITES YOU WILL PRACTISE FOR/SINCE -
IDENTIFYING WHEN TO USE PRESENT PERFECT AND SIMPLE PAST -
SOME PRACTICE WITH MIXED TENSES!
LESSON 2
NOW, WE CAN ACTUALLY LEARN ANOTHER USE FOR PRESENT
PERFECT (AND THE KEY WORDS THAT GO WITH THAT!)
 PAY CLOSE ATTENTION...

there is another
use for present
perfect

We use it to describe past recent events.

It is very important to understand that these actions have

to connect the past and the present.
the recent past
actions affect
the presnt
I've lost my keys (so I can't get into my house).
She's hurt her leg (so she can't play tennis today).
They've missed the bus (so they will be late).
 to talk about a
past recent action
we use three key
words
JUST YET ALREADY

we use this word to we use this word to we use this word to

talk about an action talk about an action say that an action
that has happened that hasn't happened has happened early or
very recently or a but that is going to sooner than expected.
short time ago. happen soon.

LET'S LOOK AT THIS CLOSER...

First, I want
you to listen
to the
following
audio...
CLICK
 JUST
First, as I already said, we use it to say that
an action has happened very recently.

In the audio one girl says:

ANYWAY, I'VE JUST LEFT THE HOUSE.

The girl means that she left the house a very short time ago.

STRUCTURE:
SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + JUST + PAST PARTICIPLE
 HOW LONG A "VERY SHORT TIME" IS DEPENDS ON THE
SITUATION.

FOR EXAMPLE, IMAGINE THAT YOU HAVE STUDIED FOR A VERY LONG TIME
(FOUR WEEKS) AND TOOK THE EXAM 2 DAYS AGO. YOU TALK TO A FRIEND
AND THEY ASK YOU HOW YOU ARE DOING. YOU SAY:

I'VE JUST TAKEN AN EXAM. IT WAS SO HARD!

STUDYING FOR FOUR WEEKS IS A LONG TIME, SO IF YOU ONLY TOOK THE
EXAM 2 DAYS AGO IT IS A VERY RECENT ACTION.
 already
This word is used to say that an action has
happened early or sooner than expected.

In the audio one girl says:

I'VE ALREADY GOT THE TICKETS!

The girl means that she got the tickets sonner than expected. Sue did
not expect that the tickets had been bought.

STRUCTURE:
SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + ALREADY + PAST PARTICIPLE
 yet
It is used for actions that someone is expecting
to happen but haven't.
In the audio one girl says:

AND I HAVE NOT EATEN YET.

The girl means that she is going to eat and she has to do it
before she leaves. It is an expected action.
It is usually used only with negative and interrogative forms.
STRUCTURE:
SUBJECT + HAVEN'T/HASN'T + PAST PARTICIPLE + YET
HAVE/HAS + SUJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE + YET?
 Answer
sheet
NOW, YOU HAVE TO, FIRST CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORD FOR EACH
SENTENCE IN ACTIVITY 1. THEN, CORRECT THE SENTENCES THAT
HAVE YET, ALREADY AND JUST. FINALLY, FILL IN THE SENTENCES
WITH THE CORRECT KEY WORDS. FOR THIS LAST ACTIVITY YOU MAY
USE ALL OF THE KEY WORDS THAT WE HAVE LEARNT FOR PRESENT
PERFECT
 LESSON 3
FINALLY! LITERATURE (IN MY OPINION) IS THE BEST PART!
SIT BACK, READ THE PAGES THAT I HAD ASKED YOU TO READ
AND THEN COMPLETE THE ACTIVITIES IN YOUR ANSWER SHEET.
YOU CAN WAIT TILL AFTER OUR FRIDAY MEET TO COMPLETE THIS LESSON! WE WILL TALK ABOUT IT IN CLASS.