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Psychology of Education (EDUC 210)

CYK_3: Submission Review

Student ID: 40249594

First Name: Hyun-Ji

Last Name: Myung

Started on: 2023-06-07 11:38:42 AM

Completed on: 2023-06-07 11:52:27 AM

Time taken: 00:13:45

Total Grade: 6 / 10 (60%)

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Check Your Knowledge Module 3

Question 1: Erikson's notion of developmental crises can be defined as a...

(1 Point)
a. Concern with parental control and self-determination.
b. Conflict between a positive and an unhealthy alternative.
c. Conflict between physical growth and cognitive growth.
d. Puzzle that may assist a person's cognitive development.

Feedback: Explanation: The crises that an individual faces at each developmental stage involve a
conflict between a positive alternative and a potentially unhealthy alternative. An example is
the trust vs. mistrust crisis during infancy. (Note: Equilibration is a process described by
Piaget in which an individual attempts to obtain a state of balance.)

Question 2: Francis is no longer satisfied with pretending he has a place of his own. He's in the third grade
now, and old enough to build a real playhouse. He sets to work with boards and cardboard, and
(1 Point) takes great pleasure in the completed project. Francis is at the stage of...

a. Autonomy vs. doubt and shame.

b. Generativity vs. self-absorption.
c. Identity vs. role diffusion.
d. Industry vs. inferiority.

Feedback: Explanation: Francis is in the industry vs. inferiority stage. During this stage, children begin to
branch out from their home worlds, and start to cope with academics, group activities, and
friends while developing a sense of industry. Accordingly, Francis wants to build the house
for himself.

Question 3: The difference between self-concept and self-esteem is that

(1 Point)
a. self-concept is an affective reaction while self-esteem is a cognitive structure.
b. self-concept is a cognitive structure while self-esteem is an affective reaction.
c. self-esteem is a general concept while self-concept is specific to a given situation.
d. there is actually little or no difference between self-esteem and self-concept.

Feedback: Explanation: Self-concept is a cognitive structure: the composite of ideas, attitudes, and
feelings that people have involving themselves. On the other hand, self-esteem is an
affective reaction involving a person's evaluation of who they are

Question 4: Which of the following parenting styles is characterized by highly controlling behaviour that is
simultaneously low in worth and responsiveness?
(1 Point)

a. Authoritarian
b. Authoritative
c. Permissive
d. Rejecting/Neglecting

Feedback: Explanation: Authoritarian parents tend to be high in control and low in warmth and
responsiveness, with the expectation that children follow their orders without negotiation.
They tend to be harsh and punitive in their disciplinary style.

Question 5: The way that children resolve the autonomy vs. shame and doubt crisis influences their later sense
of...
(1 Point)

a. Attachment to the family.

b. Confidence in their own abilities.
c. Cooperation in groups.
d. Evaluation of new ideas.

Feedback: Explanation: During the autonomy vs. shame and doubt period, a child begins to assume
responsibilities for self-care (dressing, feeding, etc.). If these activities are not reinforced by
parents, children may begin to lose confidence in their abilities to do things for themselves.

Question 6: Research has shown that students who watch others behaving aggressively...

(1 Point)
a. Become more aggressive.
b. Become more passive.
c. Do not change their behaviour.
d. Tolerate less aggression among peers.

Feedback: Explanation: Studies of violence on television have shown that students who watch others
behaving aggressively become more aggressive. Such findings reflect the powerful effects of
modelling on the expression of aggression.

Question 7: Seventeen-year-old Carl has considered several career options, and has developed a firm career
goal. Carl is experiencing identity ____
(1 Point)

a. Achievement.
b. Diffusion.
c. Foreclosure.
d. Moratorium.

Question 8: The implication of the 'Big Fish, Little Pond' idea is that...:

(1 Point)
a. Children in 'average' schools may feel better about their own abilities than those in 'high-ability' schools.
b. Larger schools are likely to promote higher achievement than smaller schools.
c. Self-concept is lower when competition is weaker than when it is stronger.
d. Smaller schools offer limited opportunities for self-concept to develop.

Feedback: Explanation: Students who excel in a particular area at an 'average' school tend to feel better
about their abilities than those with the same ability who attend 'high-ability' schools. Marsh
(1990) calls this the "Big Fish, Little Pond Effect".

Question 9: Adults who were rejected as children tend to have...

(1 Point)
a. Fewer problems than adults whose childhoods were without caring adults.
b. Friends who are socially competent and mature, even though their childhoods were essentially friendless.
c. Higher self-esteem than adults who were socially competent as children.
d. More problems than adults who had close friends when they were children.

Feedback: Explanation: Adults who were rejected as children tend to have more problems than adults
who had close friends. The role of friendships during childhood is an important one on
influence on social and emotional development. Lonely, friendless children tend to have more
problems as adults, such as committing crimes and other antisocial behaviours.

Question 10: The development of children's self-concept evolves by means of...

(1 Point)
a. Constant self-evaluation in many different situations.
b. Contrasting themselves with their peers.
c. Differentiating between their skills and those of their peers.
d. Gauging the verbal reactions of significant others.

Feedback: Explanation: Development evolves by means of constant self-evaluation in many different

types of situations.

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