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ﺍﻟﺰﳐﺸﺮﻱ
ﻓﺼﻞ
ﺃﹸﻗﺪﻡ ،ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﳋﻮﺽ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺼﺪﺩﻩ ،ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔﹰ .ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻥﱠ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﺍﳌﹸﺨﺘﺮﻉِ ،ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ ﻋﻦ ﲝﻮﺭ
ﺷﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﻻ ﻳﻘﺪﺡ ﰲ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﹰ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ .ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﰉ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻭﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﹰ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺤﺎﻣﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ
ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺯﺍﻢ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻟﻔﻆﹲ ،ﻣﻮﺯﻭﻥﹲ ،ﻣﻘﻔﹼﻰ ،ﻳﺪﻝﹼ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ .ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ :ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ،
ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ .ﻓﺎﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻢ .ﻓﺈﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺎﹰ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺠﻤﻴ ﺎﹰ .ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻷُﺧﺮ ﻓﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﻗﺎﻃﺒﺔ .ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻓﻴﺔ ،ﱂ ﻳﻘﹶﻒ ﺑِﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ،ﺳﺎﻍ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺴﺎﻏﺎﹰ ﻻ ﳎﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻺِﻧﻜﺎﺭ .
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻮ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ،ﱂ ﻳﺴﺒﻘﻮﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ،ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺄﺱ ،ﺑﻞ ﻳﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﻋﻦ
ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﰲ ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺘﻨﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ،ﻻ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺄﻣﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ .ﻓﻜﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥﹸ ،ﻟﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ
ﱵ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺎﻃﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺌﲔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻧﺎ ،ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻷﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﺭﺟﺤﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﻋﺎﺩﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺫﺍﻙ ﻛﻜﻔﱠ ِ
ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﻥ .
ﰒ ﺇﻥﱠ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺬﻫﺐ ،ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻏﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺆﻣﻪ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺑﲏ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﹰ ﻋﺮﺑ ﻴﺎﹰ ،ﻭﺃﻥﱠ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺔﹶ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻻ
ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﻫﺎ .ﺇﳕﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺣﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎ .ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﻣﻘﻮﻻﺎ ﲟﺤﻈﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ،
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﺕ .
ﻓﺎﳊﺎﺻﻞ ﺃﻥﹼ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ،ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻫﻮ ﻋﺮﰊ ،ﻳﻔﺘﻘﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﺄ ﺃﻋﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺼﲑ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺎﹰ .ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻓﻘﻂ ،ﻷﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ .ﻓﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻠﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗِﺒﻠِﻬﻢ .ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻗﻲ ﻓﻼ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﳍﻢ ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺔ ،ﻟﺘﺸﺎﺭﻙ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ .
ﻓﺼﻞ
ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ
ﻭﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ :ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻮﻝ .ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ :ﺃﻥ ﳚﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳋﱭ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻒ .ﻓﻴﺼﲑ ﻣﺘﻔﹾﻌِﻞﹸ ،ﻭﻳﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻔﺎﻋِﻞﹸ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ :ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻉ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﹾﻌِﻞﹾ ،ﻓﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ :ﺍﳌﻜﺒﻮﻝﹸ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺨﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻮﻉ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻔﹾﻌِﻞﹾ ،ﻓﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻓﹶﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ :ﺍﳌﹸﺬﺍﻝ .ﻭﺍﻹِﺫﺍﻟﺔ :ﺃﻥ ﻳﺰﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺘﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ .ﻭﺍﻟﹸﻤﻌﺮﻯ ﻟﻘﺐ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ :ﺍﳌﹸﺬﺍﻝ ﺍﳌﹶﺨﺒﻮﻥ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻔﹾﻌِﻼﻥﹾ ،ﻓﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻔﺎﻋِﻼﻥﹾ.
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ :ﺍﳌﹸﺬﺍﻝ ﺍﳌﹶﻄﻮﻱ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻌِﻼﻥﹾ ،ﻓﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻔﹾﺘﻌِﻼﻥﹾ.
ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ :ﺍﳌﹸﺬﺍﻝ ﺍﳌﹶﺨﺒﻮﻝ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻌِﻼﻥﹾ ،ﻓﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻓﹶﻌﻠﺘﺎﻥﹾ.
ﻭﻣﻔﺎﻋِﻴﻠﹸﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ :ﻣﻔﹶﺎﻋِﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻣﻔﹶﺎﻋِﻴﻞﹸ ،ﻣﻔﺎﻋِﻴﻞﹾ ،ﻓﹶﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ ،ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ ،ﻓﺎﻋِﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻝﹸ.
ﻓﺎﻷﻭﻝ :ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻮﺽ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ :ﺍﳌﻜﻔﻮﻑ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ :ﺍﶈﺬﻭﻕ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﺎﻋِﻲ ،ﻓﻨﻘﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻓﹶﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ.
ﻭﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ :ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻡ .ﻭﺍﳋﹶﺮﻡ :ﺃﻥ ﲣﺮﻡ ﺳﺎﳌﺎﹰ .ﺻﺎﺭ ﻓﺎﻋِﻴ ﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻓﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻟﹸ ﻦ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ :ﺍﻷﺷﺘﺮ .ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺘﺮ : ﺃﻥ ﲣﺮﻡ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﺿﺎﹰ ﻓﻴﺼﲑ ﻓﺎﻋِ ﻠﹸﻦ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ :ﺍﻷﺧﺮﺏ .ﻭﺍﳋﹶﺮﺏ :ﺃﻥ ﲣﺮﻡ ﻣﻜﻔﻮﻓﺎﹰ .ﻓﻴﺼﲑ ﻓﺎﻋِﻴﻞﹸ ،ﻭﻳﺮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻝﹸ.
ﻭﻓﺎﻋِﻼﺗﻦ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻓﺮﻋﺎﹰ :ﻓﹶﻌِﻼﺗﻦ ،ﻓﺎﻋِﻼﺕ ،ﻓﹶﻌِﻼﺕ ،ﻓﺎﻋِﻼﻥﹾ ،ﻓﹶﻌِﻼﻥﹾ ،ﻓﺎﻋِﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻓﹶﻌِ ﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻓﹶﻌﻠﹸﻦ ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ ،ﻓﺎﻋِ ِﻠﻴﺎﻥﹾ،
ﻓﹶﻌِﻠﻴﺎﻥﹾ.
ﻓﺎﻷﻭﻝ :ﺍﳌﺨﺒﻮﻥ .ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﳐﺒﻮﻧﺎﹰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ .
ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺣﺸﻮﻩ ﻓﺎﲰﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ .ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﺒِﻦ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ .ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ :ﺃﻥ ﳚﻮﺯ ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﻓﲔ ﻣﻌﺎﹰ ،ﻭﻻ
ﻭﻣﺘﻔﺎﻋِﻠﹸﻦ ﻟﻪ ﲬﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻓﺮﻋﺎﹰ :ﻣﺴﺘﻔﹾﻌِﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻣﻔﺎﻋِ ﻠﹸﻦ ﻣﻔﹾﺘﻌِﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻓﹶﻌِﻼﺗﻦ ،ﻣﻔﹾﻌﻮﻟﹸﻦ ،ﻓﹶﻌِﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻓﹶﻌﻠﹸﻦ ،ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻋِﻼﻥﹾ ،ﻣﺴﺘﻔﹾﻌِﻼﻥﹾ،
ﻓﺼﻞ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺳﻠﻜﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﲝﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ،ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ،ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻃﺮﻕ :ﺃﺣﺪﻫﺎ :ﺃﻢ ﻛﺮﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ،
ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺤِﺒﻮﻩ ﻏﲑﻩ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻌﻬﺎ ،ﻣﺎ ﺧﻼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍﹰ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ.
ﻑ ﻓﻌﻮﻟﻦ ﲦﺎﱐ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ .
ﻭ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻦ ﲦﺎﱐ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﹾﺾ .
ﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺰ .
ﻭ ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻴﻠﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳍﹶﺰﺝ .
ﻭ ﻓﺎﻋﻼﺗﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ .
ﻭﻣﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ .
ﻭﻣﻔﺎﻋﻠﱳ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺮ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ :ﺃﻢ ﺃﺯﻭﺟﻮﺍ ﺑﲔ ﺟﺰﺃﻳﻦ ،ﻛﺄﻥﹼ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﻢ ﺑﲔ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻭﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ ،ﻷﻤﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﻖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ،ﰲ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺒﲔ ،ﻭﺗﺄﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺗﺪ .ﻻ ﻓﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﻻﱠ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺗﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﳎﻤﻮﻉ ،ﻭﻭﺗﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻔﺮﻭﻕ .ﻭﻫﺬﺍ
ﲟﱰﻟﺔ ﺗﻜﺮﻳﺮﻫﻢ ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ .ﻑ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﻕ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ،ﰲ ﺃﻥﹾ ﱂ ﻳﻜﺮﺭ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ،ﻓﻘﺪ ِﻛﺮﺭ ﻣﻊ
ﺟﺰﺀ ﻻ ﻳﻜﺎﺩ ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻨﻪ .
ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ .
ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﻨ ﺴﺮﺡ .
ﻭﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺐ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :ﺃﻢ ﺃﺯﻭﺟﻮﺍ ﺑﲔ ﲬﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺳﺒﺎﻋﻲ ،ﻟﻮ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻃﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺎﺳﻲ ﱂ ﻳﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ .ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ﺇﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﻢ ﺑﲔ ﻓﻌﻮﻟﻦ ﻭﻣﻔﺎﻋﻠﲔ؛ ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻚ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﻟﹸﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻴﻠﻦ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻲ ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺎﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻮﻟﻦ .ﻭﺑﲔ
ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﻦ ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﻦ؛ ﺃﻻ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻚ ﻟﻮ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﻣﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻔﻌﻠﹸﻦ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺗ ﹾﻔﻌِﻠﻦ ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺎﹰ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻦ .ﻭﺑﲔ ﻓﺎﻋﻼﺗﻦ ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﻦ؛ ﺃﻻ
ﻓﺼﻞ
ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ،ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺆﺩﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ،ﻭﺗﻨﻜﹼﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﻂﹼ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎﹰ،
ﻓﻼ ﻳﻠﻐﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ،ﻭﻻ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺪﻏﻢ ،ﻭﻻ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ ،ﻭﻻ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺎﺅﻩ ،ﻷﺎ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ .ﻭﺗﻠﻐﻰ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺝ ،ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻﻗﺎﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﳑﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﻪ .ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ
ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ ،ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﳍﺎ .
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﳌﺔﹸ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ،ﺍﳌﹸﻌﺮﺍﺗﻬﺎ ،ﻛﺘﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﻊ ،ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍﹰ
ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻪ .
ﻃﻮﻳﻞ:
ﻓﺼﻞ
ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﺍﻫﺪ
ﻭﺇﺫ ﻗﺪ ﻓﺮﻏﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻋﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺭ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺑﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﻊ ،ﱂ ﻳﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ
ﺇﻻﱠ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻫﺪ ،ﻟﻴﻌﺮﻑ ﺎ ﺍﳉﺎﺋﺰ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻛﻞﹼ ﲝﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳉﺎﺋﺰ ،ﻭﻟﺘﺴﺘﺒﲔ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ.
ﻭﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﻮﻗﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻟﻘﺎﺑ ﺎﹰ ﺷﺘﻰ ،ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹِﺣﺎﻃﺔ ﺎ :ﻓﺄﻭﻝ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺻﺪﺭ ،ﻭﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ .ﻭﺃﻭﻝ
ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﺿﺮﺏ ،ﻭﻋﺠﺰ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻓﻴﺔﹲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ .ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﺍﻋﲔ
ﺣﺸﻮ.
ﻭﻻ ﳚﻮﺯ ﺍﳋﺮﻡ ،ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ،ﺇﻻﱠ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ .ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﻮﺯﻭﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ،ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ:
ﻗﹸﻠﺕ ﻟﻪ :ﺃﻫﻼﹰ ﻭﺴﻬﻼﹰ ﻭﻤﺭﺤﺒﺎ ﻓﹶﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺘﺎﻨﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺘﹶﺒﻠﱡ ﻪ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﲨﻴﻌﺎﹰ ،ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ:
ﺃﻋﻁﻰ ﻋﻁﺎﺀ ،ﻻ ﻗﻠﻴﻼﹰ ،ﻭﻻ ﻨﹶﺯﺭﺍ ﻟﻜﻥ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﷲِ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺃﺘﻴﺘﹸﻪ
ﻭﺍﳌﻮﻓﻮﺭ :ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﺧﺮﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ .
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳋﺰﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺍﻱ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ،ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺇﻻﱠ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ .ﻭﻫﻮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺮﻑ ،ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ:
ﺃﺘﻴﺕﹶ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻼ ﻕِ ﻤﺎ ﻟﻴﺱ ﺭﺍﻀﻴﺎ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﻨﺕﹶ ﺠﺎﺯﻴﺕﹶ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺃَ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺀِ ﻓِﻌﻠﹶﻪ
ﺃﻭ ﺣﺮﻓﲔ ،ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ:
ﺜِﻙ ،ﻤﺎ ﻟﹶﺴﺕﹸ ﻤﺩﺭِﻜﹶ ﻪ ﻗﺩ ﻓﺎﺘﹶﻨِﻲ ،ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ ،ﻤﻥ ﺤﺩﻱ
ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ،ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ:
ﻓﹶﻭﺯ ،ﻜﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺫﻫ ﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﹶﺩﺭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺨﹶﺩِﺭﺕ ﺭِﺠﻠﻲ ﺫﻜﺭﺘﹸﻙِ ،ﻴﺎ
ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻫﺪ
ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ
ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﻤﻦ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ .ﻭﻟﻪ ﻋﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﺿﺔ ،ﻭﺿﺮﻭﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ :ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ :ﻣﻘﺒﻮﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﺳﺎﱂ
ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﻓﻠﻡ ﺃُﻋﻁِﻜﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﱠﻭﻉِ ﻤﺎﻟﻲ ،ﻭﻻ ﻋِﺭﻀِﻲ ﺃﺒﺎ ﻤﻨﺫِﺭِ ،ﻜﺎﻨﺕﹾ ﻏﹸﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﹰ ﺼﺤﻴﻔﹶﺘﻲ
ﻣﻘﺒﻮﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ
ﻫﻮ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﲔ :ﻣﺜﱠﻤﻦ ،ﻭﻣﺴﺪﺱ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺨﻠﱠﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ .
ﺍﳌﺜﱠﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ :ﳐﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﻟﻡ ﺘﹶﻠﻘﹶﻬﺎ ﺴﻭﻗﺔﹲ ،ﻗﹶﺒﻠﻲ ،ﻭﻤﺎ ﻤ ﻠِﻙ ﻴﺎ ﺤﺎﺭِ ،ﻻ ﺃُﺭﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﻜﻡ ،ﺒﺩﺍﻫﻴﺔٍ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺮ
ﻫﻮ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﲔ :ﻣﺴﺪﺱ ﻭﻣﺮﺑﻊ :ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ :ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ .ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺿﺮﺎ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ:
ﻜﺄﻥ ﻗﹸﺭﻭﻥ ﺠﻠﺘﱠﻬِﺎ ﺍﻟﻌِﺼِ ﻲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻏﹶﻨﹶﻡ ،ﻨﹸﺴﻭﻗﹸﻬﺎ ،ﻏِﺯﺍﺭ
ﻭﻻ ﳚﻮﺯ ﰲ ﻓﻌﻮﻟﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺯﺣﺎﻑ .ﻭﻣﺜﻞﹸ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻄﻴﺌﺔ:
ﻭﺭِﺜﺘﹶﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻜﻤﺎ ﻭﺭِﺙﹶ ﺍﻟﻭﻻ ﺀ ﻓﹶﻀﻠﺕﹶ ،ﻋﻥِ ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎﻝِ ،ﺒﺨﹶﺼﻠﺘ ﻴﻥِ
ﺷﺎﺫﹼ.
ﺍﳌﺴﺪﺱ ﺍﳌﹸﺰﺍﺣﻒ :ﻣﻌﺼﻮﺏ :
ﻭﺠﺎﻭِﺯﻩ ،ﺇِﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺘﹶﺴﺘﻁﻴِ ﻊ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻡ ﺘﹶﺴﺘِﻁﻊ ﺸﹶﻴﺌﺎﹰ ﻓﹶﺩﻋ ﻪ
ﻣﻨﻘﻮﺹ:
ﻜﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﹶﻠﹶﻕِ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺤﻕِ ،ﻗِﻔﺎﺭ ﻟﺴﻼﱠﻤﺔﹶ ﺩﺍﺭ ،ﺒِﺤﻔﻴﺭٍ
ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ:
ﻜﺄﻨﱠﻤﺎ ﺭﺴﻭﻤﻬﺎ ﺴﻁﹸﻭﺭ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝٌ ،ﻟِﻔﹶﺭﺘﹶﻨﹶﻲ ،ﻗِﻔﺎﺭ
ﺃﻋﻀﺐ:
ﺘﹶﺠﻨﱠﺏ ﺠﺎﺭ ﺒﻴﺘﻬِﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﹼﺘِﺎ ﺀ ﺇﻥ ﻨﹶﺯﻝَ ﺍﻟﺸﹼﺘِﺎﺀ ﺒﺩﺍﺭِ ﻗﹶﻭ ﻡٍ
ﺃﻗﺼﻢ:
ﺘﹶﻔﺎﺤﺵﹶ ﻗﹶﻭﻟﹸﻬﻡ ،ﻭﺃﺘﹶﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﺠﺭِ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﹸﻭﺍ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺴﺩﺩﺍﹰ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻥ
ﺃﺟﻢ:
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ
ﺍﳍﺰﺝ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺰ
ﻭﻫﻮ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ :ﻣﺴﺪﺱ ،ﻭﻣﺮﺑﻊ ،ﻭﻣﺸﻄﻮﺭ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻮﻙ.
ﺍﳌﺴﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ :ﺳﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﻗﹶﻔﹾﺭ ،ﺘﹶﺭﻯ ﺁﻴﺎﺘِﻬﺎ ﻤِﺜﻝَ ﺍﻟﺯ ﺒﺭ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻟﺴﻠﻤﻰ ،ﺇﺫ ﺴﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﺠﺎﺭﺓﹲ
ﺳﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﹶﻠﺏ ﻤﻨﹼﻲ ﺠﺎﻫﺩ ،ﻤﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﹶﻠﺏ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﹶﺭِﻴﺢ ،ﺴﺎﻟﻡ
ﺍﳌﺴﺪﺱ ﺍﳌﹸﺰﺍﺣﻒ :ﳐﺒﻮﻥ:
ﺴﻘﹶﻰ ،ﺒﻜﹶﻑِّ ﺨﺎﻟﺩٍ ،ﻭﺃﻁﻌﻤﺎ ﻓﻁﺎﻟﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻁﺎﻟﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻁﺎﻟﻤﺎ
ﻣﻄﻮﻱ:
ﺃﻜﺭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺒ ﺩِ ﻤﻨﹶﺎﻑٍ ،ﺤﺴﺒﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻭﻟﺩﺕﹾ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺓﹲ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻟﹶ ﺩٍ
ﳐﺒﻮﻝ:
ﻭﻋﺠﻝٍ ﻤﻨﹶﻊ ﺨﹶﻴﺭ ﺘﹸﺅَﺩﻩ ﻭﺜِﻘﹶﻝٍ ﻤﻨﹶﻊ ﺨﹶﻴﺭ ﻁﹶﻠﹶﺏٍ
ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ :ﺳﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﻤﻥ ﺃﻡِّ ﻋﻤﺭﻭٍ ،ﻤﻘﻔِﺭ ﻗﺩ ﻫﺎﺝ ﻗﹶﻠﺒﻲ ﻤﻨﺯِ ﻝٌ
ﺍﳌﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﹸﺰﺍﺣﻒ :ﻣﻄﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ:
ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ
ﺍﳌﻨﺴﺮﺡ
ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻒ
ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ
ﱂ ﳚﻲﺀ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﺇﻻﹼ ﳎﺰﻭﺀﺍﹰ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺎﺀ ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻴﻠﻦ ﻭﻧﻮﺎ .
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ :
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤِﻨﻰ ،ﻓﺎﻟﹶﻤﻘﺎﻡِ ﺃﻴﺎ ﺨِﻠﻴﻠﹶﻲ ،ﻋﻭﺠﺎ
ﻣﻘﺒﻮﺽ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ،ﺳﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ .
ﺩﻭﺍﻋﻲ ﻫﻭﻯ ﺴﻌﺎﺩِ ﺩﻋﺎﻨﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺴﻌﺎﺩٍ
ﻣﻜﻔﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ،ﺳﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ .
ﺍﳌﹸﺰﺍ ﺣﻒ:
ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﻯ ﻏﹶﻴﺭ ﺯﻴ ﺩِ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺭﺃﻴﺕﹸ ﺍﻟﺭﺠِﺎﻝَ
ﻣﻜﻔﻮﻑ .ﻭﻻ ﳚﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﰲ ﻓﺎﻉ ﻻﺗﻦ ﺇﻻﹼ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ .
ﺃﺧﺮﺏ:
ﻜﻝﱡ ﻟﻪ ﻤﻘﺎﻝُ ﻗﹸﻠﻨﺎ ﻟﹶﻬﻡ ،ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ
ﺃﺷﺘﺮ:
ﺜﻨﹶﺎﺀ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﺜﹶﻨﺎﺀِ ﺴﻭﻑ ﺃﻫﺩِﻱ ﻟﺴﻠﻤﻰ
ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺐ
ﱂ ﳚﻲﺀ ،ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ،ﺇﻻﹼ ﳎﺰﻭﺀﺍﹰ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻓﺎﺀ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﻭﺍﻭﻫﺎ:
ﺇﻥ ﻟﹶﻬﻭﺕﹸ ،ﻤِﻥ ﺤﺭﺝِ؟ ﻫﻝْ ﻋﻠﻲ ،ﻭﻴﺤﻜﹸﻤﺎ
ﻣﻄﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ .
ﻭﻫﻡ ﻴﺩﻓِﻨﹸﻭﻨﹶﻬﻡ ﻴﻘﹸﻭﻟﹸﻭﻥ :ﻻ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﺍ
ﳐﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ،ﻣﻄﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ .
ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ
ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺾ
ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﳌﹸﺤ ﺪﺙ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ .ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﻤﻦ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ .ﻏﲑ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﳐﺒﻮﻧﺎﹰ ،ﺃﻭ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻋﺎﹰ.
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ،ﻭﳍﺎ ﺿﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ :
ﻓﺸﹶﺠﺎﻙ ،ﻭﺃﺤﺯ ﻨﹶﻙ ،ﺍﻟﻁﱠﻠﹶﻝُ؟ ﺃﻭﻗﹶﻔﹾﺕﹶ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﹶﻠﹶﻝٍ ،ﻁﹶﺭِﺒ ﺎﹰ
ﳐﺒﻮﻥ ﻛﻠﻪ .ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ:
ﻨﹶﻘﹾﻼﹰ ﻨﹶﻘﹾﻼﹰ ،ﺩﻓﹾﻨﺎﹰ ﺩﻓﹾﻨﺎ ﺃﻫﻝُ ﺍﻟﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﻜﻝﱞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻉ ﻛﻠﻪ.
ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﻜﺮﻱ ﺇِﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻃﻤﺤﺖ ﻤﺘﻲ ﳓﻮﻩ ،ﻣﻦ ﺇﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ .ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞﹼ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﰒ ﻟﺴﻴﺪﻧﺎ،
ﻓﺈﻥﹼ ﺍﻟﺘﱪﻙ ﲞﺪﻣﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻡ ﺑﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺘﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﱪﺯ ﱄ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ،ﻭﻳﺤﺮﺯ ﺇ ﱄﱠ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻖ ،ﻭﻳﻮﺻﻠﲏ ﺇﱃ ﻛﻞﹼ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ،ﻭﻳﻌﻘﺪ