Class 10 - Science

Life Processes
Assignment 01

Question No. 1 to 5 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Leena is a class X girl and actively participates in the Green School programme. She planted some trees as she needs to know
and observe how plants grow by preparing their own food. She placed a potted plant in her room and observed after 3-4 weeks
that leaves turned pale-yellow instead of green in colour. She realized her mistake and kept the plant back in the sunlight.

1. The diagram shows the arrangement of cells inside the leaf of a green plant.

Which cells normally contain chloroplast?

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 4
c. 2 and 3
d. 2 and 4
2. In photosynthesis which substances are used up, which are produced and which are necessary but remains unchanged
after the reaction?
Substance used up Produced Remain unchanged

(i) Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen 

(ii) Chlorophyll Carbon dioxide Water
(iii) Oxygen  Starch Cellulose

(iv) Water Oxygen  Chlorophyll

a. Option (ii)
b. Option (iii)
c. Option (iv)
d. Option (i)
3. The following graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis which of the following
statement/statements is correct?

a. Point D represents the intensity of light at which some other factors becomes limiting
b. Region C represents that rate of photosynthesis is not increased further by increasing light intensity because some
other factors become limiting

1/5
 c. All of these
d. Light is a limiting factor in the region A

4.

At what point is optimum temperature reached?

a. None of these
b. Point (b)
c. Region (a)
d. Region (c)

5. The graph shows how the amount of CO2 taken in by a plant varies through a 24 hour period.

At what time of the day was the rate of photosynthesis the greatest?
a. At 12 (noon)
b. At 6 am
c. At 7 am
d. At 10 pm
6. In the experiment, to show CO2 is given out during respiration. Atul put boil gram seeds in a conical flask. According to
his observation, the water level in the bent tube:
a. Rises
b. Decreases
c. Rise or decreases in water level depends on the room temperature
d. Remains the same
7. Which colour of the visible spectrum is most effective in photosynthesis?
a. Red
b. Yellow
c. Green
d. Blue

2/5
 8. Assertion (A): Muscles of stomach wall possess thick layers of muscles.
Reason (R): These muscles help in mixing the food with the enzymes presents in the alimentary canal.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
9. Assertion (A): Alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels.
Reason (R): Alveoli is the site where the exchange of gases occurs.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
10. State True or False:
i. Growth is defined as increase in size, number or mass of the cell.
a. True
b. False
ii. Growth is associated with cell division and enlargement.
a. True
b. False

11. Fill in the blanks:

a. ________ helps in the artificial removal of wastes from the body.
b. ________ is the loss of water in the form of vapour from aerial parts of a plant.
12. Match the following:
(a) Nephridia (i) Human

(b) Kidney (ii) Earthworm

(c) Malpighian Tubules (iii) Bowman's Capsule

(d) Nephron (iv) Insect

13. Name the substrates for the following enzymes
a. trypsin
b. amylase
c. pepsin
d. lipase
14. Name the pumping organ of body.
15. How are fats digested in our body? Where does this process take place?
16. Explain the role of mouth in digestion of food.
17. Anju observed her mother preparing dough for a dish. She noted that her mother added yeast powder to the dough and
left it for overnight. She got curious and asked her teacher questions about the same, next day. Read the passage and
answer the following questions.
i. Why was yeast powder added to the dough?
ii. What type of reaction do you observe in this case? What are the end products?
iii. Suggest the values shown by Anju.
18. Describe the process of digestion of food in human beings.

3/5
 Class 10 - Science
Life Processes
Assignment 01

Solution

1. (d) 2 and 4
Explanation: 2 and 4
2. (c) Option (iv)
Explanation: Option (iv)
3. (c) All of these
Explanation: All of these
4. (b) Point (b)
Explanation: Point (b)
5. (a) At 12 (noon)
Explanation: At 12 (noon)
6. (d) Remains the same
Explanation: Remains the same because boiled gram seeds do not produce CO2 gas.
7. (a) Red
Explanation: Greenlight is the least effective for plants because they are themselves green due to the pigment
Chlorophyll. This pigment absorbs red light the best and converts the light into energy that it uses for metabolism.
Photosynthesis occurs when pigments (chlorophyll) molecules in the plant cell absorb light photons and transfer them
around to create chemical energy. Different colour light helps plants achieve different goals as well. Blue light, for
example, helps encourage vegetative leaf growth. Red light, when combined with blue, allows plants to flower.
8. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The lining of the alimentary canal has muscles that contract rhythmically in order to push the food
forward. This is known as the peristaltic movement.
9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The alveoli of lungs are richly supplied with blood and are the sites where exchange of gases (O2 and
CO2) occurs between blood and atmosphere.

10. i. (a) True

ii. (a) True
11. a. Dialysis
b. Transpiration
12. (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
13. a. Trypsin acts on proteins.
b. Amylase acts on starch.
c. Pepsin acts on protein.
d. Lipase acts on lipids/fats.
14. Heart is the pumping organ of body.
15. Digestion of fats takes place in small intestine. Fats entering in intestine are in the form of large globules. Bile juice
breaks down these large globules into smaller globules. Afterwards fat digesting enzyme lipase present in pancreatic
juice and intestinal juice converts it into fatty acids and glycerol.

4/5
16. The role of the mouth in the process of digestion of the food is
i. Ingestion of food
ii. Breakage of food by Mastication
iii. Saliva aids easy swallowing of food
iv. Salivary amylase breaks starch into simpler carbohydrates.
17. i. Yeast powder was added, so that fermentation may occur and the dough will rise and become lighter.
ii. We observe anaerobic respiration in yeast in the given case. CO2 gas is released as the end product.
iii. Anju is an aware, curious, intelligent and observant girl.

18. The various processes involved in the digestion of human beings are:

i. Ingestion: Through the help of mouth human beings ingest food.

ii. Digestion: The teeth helps in physical digestion of food. In mouth there are salivary glands, which secretes saliva, in
which salivary amylase enzyme is present which digest the starch present in food into maltose sugar, i.e., the
digestion of carbohydrate starts from mouth itself. Mouth opens into a small funnel-shaped area called pharynx
which leads to a long tube called oesophagus, whose wall is highly muscular. When the slightly digested food enters
into oesophagus the contraction and expansion movement of its wall, takes place, which is known as peristaltic
movement. This movement helps the food to move towards the stomach. Usually, in oesophagus there is no digestion
of food. From the oesophagus the food enters into the stomach. In the stomach there is secretion of gastric juices
which is a mixture of hydrochloric acid, pepsin (protein digesting enzyme) and mucus. Now, the partially digested
food enters from stomach into the small intestine’s wider part which is known as duodenum and the remaining part of
the small intestine is termed as ileum. The duodenum, receives secretions of two glands, i.e., liver and pancreas.
Liver secretes bile pigments and pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which digestes the proteins, carbohydrates and
emulsified fats. Here the digestive enzymes are amylase, maltose and invertase for digesting the carbohydrates,
trypsin for proteins and lipase for fats. Thus, food is completely digested in ileum part of small intestine.
iii. Absorption: Now, the food enters from duodenum into ileum part of small intestine where millions of finger-like
projections known as villi are present which absorb the food.
iv. Assimilation: The blood carries the digested and dissolved food to all parts of the body, where it is assimilated into
the cells which is used for obtaining energy as well as for growth and repair of the Body.
v. Egestion: The undigested food enters into the large intestine’s wider part, where water is absorbed from the
undigested food and the food becomes solid. Now, this solid undigested food enters the last part of large intestine
known as rectum through which it moves out from the body.

5/5