INDUCERS INHIBITORS

CRAP-GPS ME-DICK-VAG
C arbamazepine M etronidazole
R ifampicin E rythromycin
A lcoholism (chronic) D isulfiram
P henytoin I soniazid
C imetidine
G riseofulvin K etoconazole
P henobarbital
moking/St. Johnswort V alproic acid
S
Acute (alcoholism)
G riseofulvin

TOXIDROME TOXICANT
Shoe polish odor of breath Nitrobenzene

Arsenic, Phosphate,
Garlic odor of breath
Malathion, Thalium

Mouse urine odor of breath Coniine

Sweet (fruity) penetrating odor of breath Acetone, Chloroform

Chloral hydrate - knockout

Pear-like odor odor of breath
drops (BN: Mickey Finn)

Yellow skin discoloration Picric acid, Nitric acid

Bleaching white skin discoloration Phenol

 TOXIDROME TOXICANT

Arsenic
Other manifestation: White strand of
Pale bonds on fingernails (Mees
line) hair
Napoleon - died due to Arsenic
(Scheeles̀ green paint)

Boiled lobster appearance Boric acid

Ground coffee vomitus - a mixture

Sulfuric acid
of oxidized blood and sulfur

Phosphorous - St. Elmos̀ Fire/ Light

Luminous vomit and stool
carries

Alopecia Arsenic

TOXIDROME TOXICANT
Salicylates,
Tinnitus
Quinine - (Cinchonism)

Aminoglycosides - NAK
Ototoxicity
Loop diuretics - Ethacrynic acid

Xerostomia - dryness of mouth

(opposite of DUMBBELLS)
Anti- cholinergic

Cadmium - Itai-itai (Renal

Bloody sputum
failure - cause of death)

Muscular twitching, loss of voice Barium - Baritosis (husky voice)

 TOXIDROME TOXICANT
Strychnine - muscle paralysis and
Lockjaw
trismus

Blister formation Cantharidin - blistering fly

Tetanus toxin - decrease GABA = spasm = spastic paralysis

Manifestation:
Trismus (lockjaw) - paralyzed the masseter, lateral, pterygoid,
temporalis
Risus sardonicus (Sardonic smile) - orbicularis oris
Opisthotonus (severe arching of the back) - Spinalis muscle group

Botulinum toxin - inhibit the release of Ach = flaccid paralysis

POISON TOXICITY/MANIFESTATION ANTIDOTE

Cyanide Kit (Amyl nitrite,

NaNO2, NaS2O3)
CYANIDE Hypoxia O2 - optional
NAS2O3- convert cyanide into
thiocyanate

Plumbism - CNS manifestation

LEAD BAL, EDTA
(nakakabobo)

CADIUM Itai-Itai Disease EDTA, BAL

Pink Disease - palms and toes;
MERCURY Minamata Disease - renal
failure is the COD; Erethism
BAL (Dimecaprol,
Dimecaptopropanol),
SFS ( Na Formaldehyde
Sulfoxylate main antidote for
Hg)

ARSENIC Mees' line BAL

IRON GI bleeding Deferoxamine

 Shaver's Disease - affects the
ALUMINUM lungs EDTA, BAL

Metal fume fever

(Welders, people working in
ZINC Aspirin ( for pain) & Bedrest
Factory of batteries)

Atropine, Pralidoxime (2-

ORGANOPHOSPHATE DUMBELS
PAM, 5-PAM)

100% O2, Hyperbaric O2,

CO Hypoxia Artificial air ( Helium- 80%
Oxygen- 20%)

CNS, Respiratory Depression,

OPIOIDS Naloxone, Naltrexone
Pinpoint Pupil

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
ETHANOL Thiamine (Vit. B1) - IV
- CNS (parang lasing)

TOXICITY/MANIFESTATI
POISON ANTIDOTE
ON

CNS & Respiratory

BZD Flumazenil
Depression

CNS & Respiratory

BARBITURATE Forced diuresis, dialysis
Depression

Vitamin K ( Phytonadione,
WARFARIN Bleeding Menadion)
*green leafy veg - not an antidotes

HEPARIN Bleeding Protamine sulfate

Urine alkalinization (NaHCO3- IV)

ASAPIRIN Salicylism
via ion-trapping, Vitamin K

ACETAMENOPHEN Hepatoxic (NAPQI) NAC - replenish gluta reserved

 POISON TOXICITY/MANIFESTATION ANTIDOTE

Gray baby syndrome Charcoal hemoperfusion -

CHLORAMPHENICOL
Blue baby syndrome - Caucasian adsorption process

Redman syndrome/Red neck

VANCOMYCIN syndrome - due to histamine Prolong infusion
release

Lidocaine/Phenytoin (Class
DIGOXIN Cardiac dysrhythmia I - anti-arrhythmic);
Digibind

SUCCINYLCHOLINE -
Malignant hyperthermia -
non-depolarizing Dantrolene - CCB
excessive Ca release
agent

TUBOCURARINE -
Histamine release Neostigmine
depolarizing agent

POISON TOXICITY/MANIFESTATION ANTIDOTE

Peripheral neuropathy -
ISONIAZID
paresthesia (tumutusok-tusok) Pyridoxine

BETA BLOCKERS Hypotension Glucagon

CALCIUM CHANNEL Calcium, Calcium

Hypotension
BLOCKERS gluconate

COPPER D - penicillamine
 DRUG INDICATION
Epinephrine 1st line cardiac stimulant (IV)
(Mixed alpha and beta agonist) 1st line agent for Anaphylactic shock (IM)

Norepinephrine 1st line inotropic agent in mngt of Septic

(alpha receptor-blood vessels) shock

Dobutamine 1st line for Cardiogenic shock

Alternative: Dopamine and Acute Heart failure

1st line bronchodilator in ACUTE asthma

Salbutamol/Albuterol attacks

Ipratropium, Tiotropium, Oxytropium 1st line bronchodilator for COPD

Methylphenidate-Ritalin
DOC for ADHD
(Analogue of amphetamine)

Amphetamine Alternative for ADHD

DRUG INDICATION
Methotrexate
toxicity: dec folic acid 1st line DMARDs in RA; use for chemotherapy
rescue drug: Leucovirin

MESNA- Rescue drug of Cyclophopamide

Colchicine (phenylbutazone) 1st line for acute gout

Allopurinol
1st line hyperuricemic agent for chronic gout
Alternative: Febuxostat

Aspirin, 80mg/day (low dose)

1st line for primary and secondary thrombotic
S/E: hyperuricemia events
Alternative: Clopidogrel

Aspirin 325 mg/day analgesic effect

 DRUG INDICATION
-statins 1st line in hypercholesterolemia

Fibrates 1st line in hypertriglyceridemia

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

1st line in open angle glaucoma
(decreases aqueous humor; Substitute: B-blocker (Timolol)
decrease intraocular pressure)

1st line tx in HTN: in combination w/ ACEIs or ARBs

Thiazide Diuretics 1st line in nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Na Nitroprusside (Old)
Labetalol (New-not available in PH)
1st line in hypertensive emergency
Nicardipine-in PH

1st line for mngt of HTN in CKD and DM px

ACEI's and ARBs 1st line for albuminuria
base tx component of CHF

DRUG INDICATION
1st line in ventricular tachycardia associated with
Lidocaine Digitalis toxicity and post IM

Amiodarone 1st line in Ventricular tachycardia (VTach)

Adenosine 1st line in acute Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

Magnesium sulfate 1st line in Torsades de pointes

Locally-acting inhaled
1st line controller for Bronchial Asthma
GC

Systemic GC (Parenteral) 1st line status asthmaticus (severe asthma)

Amyl nitrite initial mngt of CN-poisoning

 DRUG INDICATION
Levothyroxine 1st line for HYPOthyroidism

1st line in myxedema coma

Levo-T3
CNS is affected (severe form of hypothyroidism)

1st line in HYPERthyroidism

Thioamides DOC-Methimazole (causes Aplasia cutis)
(PTU, Methimazole, Carbimazole)
PTU- if pregnant and w/ thyroid storm

Perchlorate DOC in Amiodarone-induced Hyperthyroidism

Metformin Initial line tx of Type 2 DM esp. Obese px

Lithium
Lithium carbonate 1st line tx and prevention of Bipolar Disorder
Carbolithium

DRUG INDICATION

Isoflurane Preferred anesthetic in neurosurgery

Methoxyflurane (M-Mother) Preferred anesthetic in labor

Desflurane Anesthetic agent contraindicated in asthma

DOC to prevent and arrest convulsion in

Diazepam anesthetic toxicity

Cladirabine Hairy cell leukemia

Hypotrophic Obstructive cardiomyopathy

Propranolol (HOCM) - heart failure

Delirium tremens
Diazepam Spastic Type of Cerebral Palsy
 DRUG INDICATION
Zollinger- Ellison Syndrome (excessive acid
Proton Pump Inhibitor
secretion)

Raynaud's Disease ( Peripheral

Nifedipine (vessel selective CCB)
vasoconstriction)

Tacrine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine,

Metrifonate, Galantamine Alzheimer's Disease
(increasing acetylcholine)

Carbamazepine (block Na influx) Trigeminal neuralgia ( CNS severe pain)

Lidocaine / Phenytoin Digitalis induced arrythmia

Levodopa carbidopa Parkinson's disease

Halothane - (H) hepatotoxic Inhalational anesthetic for children

DRUG INDICATION

Enflurane Anesthetic of choice for px with asthma

Maintain temporarily Patent Ductus

Alprostadil - prostaglandin Artheriosos (PDA) - open

Indomethacin - NSAIDs Close PDA

Lorazepam DOC for status epilepticus

All prostaglandin can open PDA.

NSAIDs - block prostaglandin = close PDA