Taiwan Electric Vehicle

Technology Development and

Industrial Ecosystem
Dr. Jwu-Sheng Hu

Chairman

Mobility-Taiwan Automotive Research Consortium (mTARC)

VP & General Director

Mechanical & Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories

Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan

 Agenda
• Global Trend
• EV Technology and Taiwan Industrial Status
• Policy, Alliance, and Consortium

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 Agenda
• Global Trend
• EV Technology and Taiwan Industrial Status
• Policy, Alliance, and Consortium

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 The era of EV
Global warming, carbon emission targets, government policy

• The Paris Convention is a binding EU target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2030,
compared to 1990.

1. Global warming 2. carbon emission targets 3. government policy

• 171 countries signed the  • From 2015 to 2025, the  • The 2020 top 3 countries in 

Paris Convention in 2015 average emission reduction  the global EV market (BEV + 
target is 40% PHEV): China, Germany and
• the EU fleet‐wide average  the United States
emission target for new cars 
• According to EPA survey,  will be 59 g CO2/km in 2030. Country Year Policy
more than 50% of CO2  China 2035 50% BEV, 50% PHEV
emissions in US come from  Germany 2030
New license for ZEV 
only
mobile pollution sources USA (CA) 2035 ZEV for new cars
Norway 2025 ZEV for new cars
No new fossil fuel 
UK 2030
vehicles
BEV or HEV for new 
Japan 2035
cars
No new fossil fuel 
France 2040
vehicles

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 Key components: batteries, motors and electronic control 
• Batteries occupy the most expensive cost.
• eAxles can be easier for the OEM to integrate due to the reduced number of parts, 
increasing serviceability for fleets.
• Wide bandgap semiconductors become a hot topic in electronic control products.

Batteries motors Electronic 

control 

• Battery packs account for  • Electric vehicle powertrain:  • The master controllers of the 

40% of the total cost of  EV determine energy 
 Motor, inverter,  consumption, power, control, 
electric vehicles, which is the 
key to narrowing the cost  reduction gear, gearbox comfort and other 
difference to fuel vehicles performance
 eAxle is the key to   VCU
Others development of motors  MCU
Chassis
 BMS
Battery • Bosch、GKN、Denso、 • Wide bandgap 
Body
BorgWarner and Nidec  semiconductors such as GaN 
and SiC allow for greater 
Corporation power efficiency, smaller size,  
Powertrain
Accessory 18.1%
and lighter weight. 
Cost structure of pure EV
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 Global strong demand of power modules for EV
• With the increase in sales of electric vehicles (HV/PHV/EV/FCV), the demand for
power modules has grown significantly.

• In 2030, the global output of electric vehicles will be 23.58 million, an increase of
10.7 times compared with 2019, and the sale of related power modules will
increased by 6‐12 times depending on the product.

• SiC power semiconductor devices can be applied in inverters, DC converters, on‐

board chargers and DC fast chargers.
全球汽車電子市場預測
Global Vehicle Electronics Market Forecast
Sales of Vehicles and Power Modules
單位： 輛、個
600,000
項目 2019 2030F 成長倍率
Item                        2019                 2030F          Growth Rate
單位 ︓百萬美元

500,000
USD Million

400,000
300,000
所有汽車
All 90.3M 105.8M 1.2
200,000 非電動汽車
Non‐EV 88.09M 82.22M 0.9
100,000
0 電動汽車
EV 2.21M 23.58M 10.7
Power  Electric Driving 車載資通訊系
動力控制系統
Control
電動車輛系統
System
行駛系統
System
車身系統
Body ICT
統
合計
Total 逆變器
Inverter 5,731K
5,713K 34,310K
34,310K 6.0
6.0
2019 85,570 31,963 45,753 31,200 59,900 254,386 轉換器
Converter 7,981K
7,891K 56,890K
56,890K 7.1
7.1
2020 86,814 44,180 48,533 32,704 62,322 274,553
2021 88,203 55,574 50,973 34,582 65,422 294,754 車載充電器
Charger 2,960K
2,960K 26,260K
26,260K 8.8
8.8
2025 92,082 99,682 67,810 41,052 76,553 377,179
2030 89,193 196,880 87,484 45,463 86,960 505,980
直流快充樁
Fast Charger 50K
50K 600K
600K 12.0
12.0

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 Agenda
• Global Trend
• EV Technology and Taiwan Industrial Status
• Policy, Alliance, and Consortium

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 High Efficiency Power Electronics

• High bandgap semiconductor 
• Control chips and controller
• High voltage capacitors ITRI SiC Traction Motor Drive
• Packaging and heat dissipation • High power density 40kW/L 

Driver IC (current spec. ~ 10kW/L)
Control IC
Connecter
High‐voltage  • High efficiency 99% (current 
Current  capacitors
spec. 96%)
Sensor 
Power  PCB
Module

Materials Property  Si SiC‐4H GaN CVD 

Diamond
Band Gap (eV)  1.1 3.2  3.4 5.47
SiC conductive 
Breakdown Field (106 V/cm)  0.3 3 3.5 10 resistance is 
Electron Mobility (cm2 /V‐sec)  1450 900 2000 4500 100‐fold lower 
than Si
Electron Saturation Velocity (106 10 22 25  20
cm/sec)
Thermal Conductivity (Watts/cm2 K)  1.5 5 1.3  24

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 EV Motor Power Density and Rare Earth Material
• Motor cost and power density demand
▪ U.S. Drive Electrical and Electronics Technical Team 2025 target
• Cost $6/kW，power density 33 kW/L (@ 100 kW peak power)

• Dependency of high performance motor on rare earth materials
▪ Presently most EV motors are PMSM
• Most speed under 20,000rpm，rare earth material occupies 15~30% motor cost
• Rare earth material price increased 200% in a year，high magnetic energy capacity
(> 42 MGOe) and high temperature endurance (UH/EH) such as neodymium and 
boron become strategic material among nations.

Dependency of high performance Rare earth material price increased

motor on rare earth materials 200% in a year

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 Integrated power drive
• Power drive unit integration
 Cost reduction for massive manufacturing, weight reduction, compact design, less wire 
harness and efficient cooling.
• Leading mechatronic companies in Taiwan with strong support from local motor, 
gear, and power electronic supply chain.
• Innovation
 Efficiency optimization for high gear reduction ratio and gear shift mechanism.
 Novel motor design for zero rare earth material, high speed (> 20000 rpm) and high 
voltage (> 1000V).

Synchronizer/Shift mechanism
On board 
charger

Inverter
Converter

One‐speed  Two‐speed 
Motor All‐in‐one power drive Gear Box gearbox
gearbox Gear Shift 
actuator/controller

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 All‐in‐one power drive
Taiwan’s supply chain 

Supply Chain Potential System Integrated Maker

(Delta/Teco/Fukuta/Tatung)
• OBC：Delta/Acbel
• Inverter：Delta/Teco/Chroma
• IGBT：Actron、Panjit、Santec

• DCDC：
Delta/Acbel

• Motor：Fukuta/Teco/
Delta/Tatung/Shihlin
• Gear Box：Hota /Roc-
Source from：
spicer/ Batom
Bosch CVT4EV

Validation & Certification

UTAC/Chroma

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 Battery and Battery Pack
• Battery supply chain in Taiwan consists of a variety of companies in material (e.g., 
cathode, anode), electronics and mechanical components
• Development in progress for higher energy density lithium batteries, e.g., 21700 
battery energy density 260Wh/kg, life> 1,000 times
• On‐going research on next generation solid‐state batteries.

18650 21700 4680
BMS
Cell

Module

PDU
(Power Distribution Unit)
Cooling System

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 Battery System
Taiwan’s supply chain 
Supply Chain Battery Pack: Foxtron/ Delta/
Mobiletron
Materials:
COPPER FOIL- Chang Chun
Cell: Molicel、Amita、 Raw material –CoreMax,
Delta、PROLOGIUM、 MECHEMA CHEMICALS
Phoenix battery、Gus
PDU:Choma, Delta,
Foxtron, Mobiletron,
Acbel
Module:
Simplo, Delta, Sti-
tech, Celxpert

BMS:
Delta, Molcel,
Amita,Mobiletron,,
Foxtron, Xing Cooling system
Unical、Xing
Source from：Audi Q7 e‐tron 2.0 TFSI 
quattro
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 EV energy equipment and service

Super Charger

Household
Charger
Commercial
Charger

Total solution of EV & E‐Scooter charging system
(eTreego) Wireless Charger

• Well‐established and proven technology in 
charging equipment design and manufacturing in 
Taiwan (leading company: Delta, Phihong, 
Etreego)
• Deployment in progress for charging facility in gas 
station, highway rest area and public parking lots 
etc.
• Future subjects
 V2G standards and business models
 Green energy supply to EV Charging integration with mechanical parking

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 Taiwan Products to Global EV Makers
• Taiwan laid the successful groundwork for the EV supply chain.

Rotor Sensor Power cable

Reduction
gear Stator Charger

Power supply
components

Powertrain Charger

Camera Battery pack Battery

Cathode
structure power
Wheel rim IC lead material
harness
frame Anode
LED Cooling material
components Passive Screen
taillight components
Monitor/
Loudspeaker Inductors Touch panel
Connectors

Electronics
Body Electronics Telematics Battery

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 Taiwan ICT industry strength in EV supply chain
Vehicle Cabin Electronics Communication
• Driver monitoring • 5G modem
• AR/VR • LTE, WIFI
• Panel display • OBU
• Entertainment • T‐box
• HMI & Telematics

Sensors Autonomy Lighting system

• Camera • Lane keeping system (LKS) • Light source (LED)
• Radar • Automatic emergency brake (AEB) • Adaptive driving beam
• Lidar • Adaptive cruise control (ACC) • Optics
• Ultrasonic • Automatic parking assist (APA) • Lighting controller
• GPS/GNSS • Level 3‐5 autonomous driving

IC & Electronic Components
• Microcontrollers ADAS (perception)
• RISC CPU • Blind spot detection (BSD)
• Power Electronics • Lane departure warning (LDW)
• Passive components • Around view monitor (AVM)
• PCB • Forward collision warning (FCW)
• Embedded computer
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 Taiwan EV Manufacturing
• Domestic and OEM automotive manufacturing facility
 Small volume and mixed model production experience
 Leveraging local supply chain for production efficiency and cost reduction 

KGET Tronetek

Tong Ying Tang Eng KING LONG

Taiwan automotive manufacturing Taiwan Electric Bus Manufacturers

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 Agenda
• Global Trend
• EV Technology and Taiwan Industrial Status
• Policy, Alliance, and Consortium

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 Milestones for Electric Vehicles in Taiwan

 Policy Twins
▪ Electric Vehicles
▪ Autonomous Vehicles

 EV milestones
2030 Public buses and government owned vehicles
2035 Motorcycles
2040 Passenger cars

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 E‐Bus Industry in Taiwan
Top‐down Policy 2021：Around 736 E‐Bus were registered
 Taiwan government announced till 2030,
the official vehicles and buses should be
all electric powered. 163 20
61
Key Driving Factors 57 52
28
 Subsidies 11
 Replace the old for new 3
6
 New route
198
 Battery purchase or lease
 Charging station infrastructure settings
102 16
6
Key Market Players 22
18 45
 E-Bus DMIT pilot project by the government
44
in 2021 205

KGET Tong Ying Tang Eng Tronetek KING LONG

9
122
15,000
736 138
514 521 612 146
313

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2030 Source: ARTC(2021)；MOTC(2021)；ITRI‐ISTI (2019/2)

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 Autonomous Driving Test/ Demonstration Fields
2020 Goal：to Build up the manufacturing capability of autonomous
Vision: To Be Asian Autonomous Driving driving in supply chain
R&D and Manufacturing Center 2025 Goal：to Build up the innovation applications in autonomous
driving under social needs
► Year: 2018
► Field Area: 5.8 Acres. (1.7 Ar. First phase)
► Year: 2018
► Type: Closed Area
► Type: Proposal for Ideas collections
► Applications: Domestic autonomous vehicles demonstration
► Year:2019 RFP (Planning)
► Applicants: nVidia, Kingway, Whetron, Turinig-Drive,etc
► Applicants: Domestic and International
Companies
► Year: 2018 ► Road Type: Semi Open Roads
► Field Area: International Flower Exhibition Place ► Test Items: Last Mile Public/ Private
► Type: Closed Areas Transportation from subway to exhibition
► Applicants: ITRI, iAuto, Mobiletron, Racev, Gbus, LiLEE, Unex,etc entrance)

► Year: 2019~2022
► Type: Semi Open Roads
► Applications: Autonomous Shuttle Bus, Speed limit
<50kph
► Test Items: Test for driving on merging roads, traffic signs,
signals, mix with motorcycle, bikes, pedestrians, buses
and cars
► Year: 2018:
► Year: 2019 ► Field Area :10 Acres
► Field Area:2.2 Acres ► Type: Closed Area
► Type: Closed Roads ► Simulation: Real Roads
► Test Items; ► Test Items: Technology feasibility
► Applications: more than 15 scenarios for low speed shuttle ► Applications: Connected Vehicle(V2R),
buses, pods,cars, Autonomous driving in cross roads, Smart
infrastructure on roads
► Year:2017 ► Users: Acer, EZ Mile, ITRI, iAuto, ITRI, ARTC,
► Field:Hamastar Yart, Pier 2, KHCC Forward, III, NTU,etc.
► Test Items: Autonomous Fields Trial

Source: ISTI/ITRI(2019/02)
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 Mobility‐Taiwan Automotive Research Consortium (mTARC)
工業技術研究院 Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI)
Mechanical & Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories
Material and Chemical Research Laboratories
Information and Communications Research Laboratories
https://www.itri.org.tw/ HAITEC
NCSIST III
車輛研究測試中心
Automotive Research & Testing Center (ARTC) ITRI
https://www.itri.org.tw/
金屬工業研究發展中心
ARTC
Metal Industries Research & Development Centre
(MIRDC)
https://www.mirdc.org.tw/
MIRDC
國家中山科學研究所
National Chung‐Shan Institute of Science & 
Technology (NCSIST)
http://www.ncsist.org.tw/
華創車電技術中心股份有限公司
Hua‐chuang Automobile Information Technical Center 
Co., Ltd. (HAITEC)
http://www.haitec.com.tw/
資訊工業策進會
Institute for Information Industry (III)
https://www.iii.org.tw/

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 Taiwan Industrial EV Platform‐ MIH 

• Hon Hai launched the MIH electric 
vehicle platform which includes more 
than 1600 companies. 
• “EV‐kit” announced in 2021 to offer a 
drive‐by‐wire platform for developers.
• New ecosystem and business model for 
future EV & EBus

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 Taiwan EV Power Supplement Alliance
Taiwan Electric Vehicle Power Supplement Industry Technology Promotion Alliance

• Established by ITRI in September 2020.
• To reach consensus of EV charging standard (fast charging) among government, 
companies, industrial association and institutions.
 More than 50 members including government agencies such as MOEA, MOI, MOTC, EPA, 
state‐own companies such as Taiwan Power company and CPC, and private companies.
• To speed up the development of charging infrastructure and EV energy supply 
business in Taiwan

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 THANK YOU!

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