Ngày………… Tháng……. Năm……….

PROCESS

1. INTRODUCTION:

PARAPHRASING PHRASES

Subject Verb Object

The picture The process of producing/ making (topic)

Demonstrate
The diagram How to produce/make (make)
Describe
The process How something is/are made/ produced

E.g: The diagram shows the process of milk production

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2. OVERVIEW
It is noticeable that There are .......... steps/stages involved in the process of (topic), beginning
Overall, with .......... finishing with ......

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FB: IELTS LISA 1
 Ngày………… Tháng……. Năm……….

3. BODY:
COMMON STRUCTURES FOR DESCRIBING PROCESS

When/Once/As soon as Subject + Verb, Clause

Eg: Ngay khi được lấy, sữa thô được bảo quản trong tủ lạnh

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Before + clause or gerund, Clause

Eg: Trước khi được vận chuyển đến một nhà máy sữa, sữa thô được bảo quản trong tủ lạnh

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After + clause or gerund, Clause

Eg: Sau quy trình bảo quản trong tủ lạnh, sữa thô được vận chuyển đến một nhà máy xử lý sữa.

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Nouns where/from where Clause

Clause, after which Clause

Eg: a) Sữa thô được lấy 2 lần 1 ngày, sau đó nó được cất vào tủ lạnh để bảo quản

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b) Sữa thô cái mà được lấy 2 lần 1 ngày, sau đó nó được cất vào tủ lạnh ở nơi mà nó được bảo quản

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FB: IELTS LISA 2

 Ngày………… Tháng……. Năm……….

TIME ORDER PHRASES

- To start with,…
The first stage - At the first stage,…
- In the first stage of making/ producing…,

- In the second/ next stage,…

- The next stage is that…
- Then, S + V hoặc S then V…
- Next/ After that/ At the following stage,…/ Following this
Middle stage - Subsequently,…/ Afterwards,…
- S1 + V1, after which S2 + V2
- Once/As soon as S1+V1, S2+V2 (ngay khi…)
- While S+V,…/ When…

- Meanwhile,…/ At the same time,../ Simultaneously

- Finally,…/ Lastly,…/
Last stage - To finish,… + S+V.
- The process ends with… + Noun phrase/ V-ing.

COMMON VOCABULARY IN PROCESS

Lay, squeeze, wind, unwind, reverse, shrink, collect, convey, bake/dry in the sun,

SOLID accummulate, adjust, fade, draw/extract, meet, bend, form, rotate/revolve, fold, recycle,
sort, mix, press, grind, unfold, soften, flatten, separate, combine

Cool down, enter, melt (into), condense, move/flow, evaporate, circulate, flow into, pour
LIQUID
into, filter out, lead to,

GAS Expand, heat up, compress, combine, burn, release, send out, ignite

Make, produce, manufacutre, process,

OTHER Take to, bring to, carry to, send to, pass through
Transfer, transport, deliver

FB: IELTS LISA 3

 Ngày………… Tháng……. Năm……….

1. Connect the sentences below. Use the linking words in brackets in each case.
Example:
The part of the car are assembled. The cars are exported. (after)
 After the parts of the car are assemble, the care are exported.

a. The snow falls. It covers the ground with a protective layer. (when)

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b. Her cubs are born. The lioness licks them all over. (as soon as)

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c. The paper is collected. It is sent for recycling. (once)

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d. Volcanoes erupt. The send huge amounts of smoke into the air. (before)

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e. The plants perpire. The air becomes humid. (when)

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f. The trees are cut down. The forest is gradually destroyed. (and)

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3. Fill in blanks with the suitable words provided in the box:

put through - graze – process – package – display
send out – put into – take to – deliver – milk – turn into
then – once - following this - as soon as – after which – in the next step - finally

In the first four stages, cows …………....……… (1) in the fields, ……………...…… (2) they are ………...………… (3) a
milking machine to be ……………….....… (4) twice a day. …………......……… ………………… (5), the milk is
………..………… (6) refrigeration strorage. ……......…………… (7), the milk is ………………… (8) a tanker where it is
………………… (9) ready to be delivered to the dairy on a daily basis.

In the last four stages, …………….......…… (10) the milk is ……………........…… (11) to the dairy, it is subsequently
……………….…… (12) a pasteurisation process. It is also ………………......… (13) various dairy products such as
cheese, cream, butter. …………….........……(14) , …………........……… (15) the milk and dairy products have been
…………......……… (16) and ………………… (17), they are …………….....……(18) to supermarkets and shops where they
are …………...……… (19) and ready for purchase by consumers.

FB: IELTS LISA 4

 Ngày………… Tháng……. Năm……….

The diagram below shows how coffee is produced and prepared for sale in supermarkets and shops.

NOTE:
- Passive voice: S is/are + V3/ed
(simple sentence)
- Before being Done, St is/are V3/ed
(compound sentence)
 The final product is packed into jars
before being launched to markets.
- After being Done, S is/are Done
(compound sentence)
- Which: to explain: people soak the
animal skin into a substance which is
called tannin. (complex sentence)
- Where: fresh bricks are transported
to the factory where (cái nơi mà) they
are burnt under high temperature.
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FB: IELTS LISA 5