SMGSMG Water

Water
is the
is the
onlyonly
thing thing
on our
on our
planet
planet
thatthat
#1 #1 SCIENCE
SCIENCEMOM’S
MOM’S exists
exists
naturally
naturally
in allinthree
all three
states
states
of of Hawaii
Hawaii
matter—as
matter—as a solid,
a solid,
liquid,
liquid,
andand
a gas.
a gas.
Guide
Guideto to
WATER,
WATER,
Part
Part
1 1 SOLIDSOLID
WATER
WATER
LIQUID
LIQUID
WATER Hey, Where’s
WATER Hey, Where’s
IS ICE
ISOR
ICE OR IS WHAT WE WEthe gas?
IS WHAT the gas?
See?See?
Rain isRain
nois no SNOW.SNOW. DRINK.
DRINK.
problem
problem
you have
whenwhen
you have
umbrella.
an an
umbrella.
T Tcc* * Pacific
Pacific
Ocean
Ocean

Gaseous
Gaseous water,water,
or water
or water
vapor,
vapor,
is is
LookLook
out! out! invisible.
invisible.
YouYou can’t
can’t
seesee
it, but
it, but
it’s in
it’sthe
in the
air air
It’s raining!
It’s raining!
around
aroundyouyou andand
we call
we call
it humidity.
it humidity. TheThe
moremore
waterwatervapor
vapor
in the
in the
air, air,
the the
more more NewNew
So what?
So what? humid
humid
it is.it is. Zealand
Zealand
I haveI have
an an The The
onlyonly
otherother
things
things
on earth
on earth
that that
comecome
umbrella.
umbrella.
closeclose
to existing
to existing
in allinthree
all three
states
states
of matter
of matter Oceans
Oceans
cover
cover
mostmost
of the
of the
surface
surface
of of
W WW
WW. SW
C I. ES N
C ICEEN. M
C E .M
M M are mercury,
are mercury,
acetic
acetic
acid,acid,
and andcarbon
carbon
dioxide.
dioxide.
the the
earth,
earth,
andand
at any
at any
given
given
timetime
about
about
WhileWhile
all three
all three
states
states
of matter
of matter
are possible
are possible
www.youtube.com/ScienceMom
www.youtube.com/ScienceMom for each
for each
of these,
of these,
theythey
don’tdon’t
occuroccur
naturally.
naturally. 50-70%
50-70%
of the
of the
planet
planet
is covered
is covered
by by
Water,
Water,
on the
on other
the other
hand? hand?
It’s everywhere.
It’s everywhere. another
another
formform
of water:
of water:
clouds.
clouds.
1 1 2 2

6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3
2O
HH2O we we
whywhy it: it:
callcall
you!you!
like like
to look
to look incredible
incredible properties.
properties. AndAnd that’s
that’s
on the the opposite
on opposite pagepage more
learn
learn about
about
more water’s
water’s

....
color
color the scientist
the scientist
these
these
Try Try to to
investigations
investigations
c) Remove
c) Remove hand andand
hand be amazed!
be amazed!
down.)
down.)
INVERT
INVERT cupcup
the the (turn(turn it upside
it upside MOLECULE!
MOLECULE!
A WATER
A WATER
b) Place hand
oneone
b) Place on the
on the
hand lid and
lid and I’M I’M
NOWNOW
lid on
the the on top.
lidtop.
water
a) Pour
a) Pour in the
water cupcup
in the andandplaceplace
Method:
Method:

or cardboard.
or cardboard.
cardstock
cardstock O O + +H HH H
• Plastic
• Plastic lidaor
lid or of of
a piece
piece
• Cup
• Cup HYDROGENS
HYDROGENS
• Water
• Water OXYGEN
OXYGEN

Materials:
Materials: atom
1 oxygen
It’s 1It’soxygen plusplus
atom 2 hydrogens.
2 hydrogens.
Gravity
1. 1. Defying
Gravity LidLid
Defying WHAT
WHAT EXACTLY
EXACTLY WATER?
WATER?
IS IS

HOW
HOW
DOES
DOES
IT WORK?
IT WORK?
2. 2.
Magic
Magic
Screen
Screen
Cohesion.
Cohesion.
But then
But then
we’dwe’d
havehave
to split
to split
up! There’s
up! There’s
Materials:
Materials: Gravity
Gravity
sayssays a screen.
a screen.
we should
we should
• Water
• Water ThatThat
meansmeans
water
water go down.
go down.
• Lid• Lid molecules
molecules
like like
to to
• Canning
• Canning
jar with
jar with
a metal
a metal
ringring stickstick
together!
together!
• A piece
• A piece
of screen
of screen
or other
or other
meshmesh L
COOCOO L
SCIENCE
SCIENCE
Haha!Haha!
Our Our
fabric
fabric DS DS
WORWOR attraction
attraction
for for
eacheach
Method:
Method: otherother
is is
stronger
stronger
a) Fill
a) jar
Fillto
jarrim
to rim
andandsecuresecure
screen
screen TheThe water water molecules
molecules are are
sticky,
sticky,
or or thanthan
gravity.
gravity.
overover
the the
top.top. cohesive.
cohesive. They Theyare are
attracted
attracted
to each
to each
b) Cover
b) Coverwithwith
lid and
lid and
flip over.
flip over. otherother
andand the the
jar and
jar and
the the
screen.
screen.ThatThat Hey! Hey!
WhatWhat
c) Remove
c) Remove lid and
lid and
observe.
observe. The The
water’s
water’s
staying
staying attraction
attraction is strong
is strong enough
enoughthatthat
theythey happened?
happened?
in the
in jar!
the jar!
amazing!
amazing! effectively
effectivelyformforma “lid”
a “lid”
on the
on the
bottom
bottomof of
The The
No jar?
No No
jar? problem!
No problem!
Just Just the the
jar, jar,
just just
like like
the the
plastic
plastic
lid did
lid did
in thein the gravitational
gravitational
use ause
cupa cup
and and
rubber
rubber
band.band. firstfirst
investigation.
investigation. If air
If doesn’t
air doesn’tcome come forceforce
But be
Butsure
be sure
the screen
the screen
or or in, the
in, the
water water
can’tcan’t
go out.
go out.
So the
So the
water water overcame
overcame
meshmesh
is FLAT
is FLAT
and TIGHT
and TIGHT staysstays
inside—until
inside—until youyoushake
shake
or tipor the
tip the our our
across
across
the rim
the of
rimthe
of cup.
the cup. hydrogen
hydrogen
jar. jar.
If youIf youdo doeither
either
of those
of those things,
things, bonding.
bonding.
thenthen
gravity
gravity
wins.wins.
7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10

14 13 12 12 11 11
marine life and the earth’s climate. while
steady
steady the other
the other
while the lid.
the lid.
out out
pullspulls
steadily circulates all the water in the oceans and strongly influences both cups.cups.
withwith people:
twotwo oneone
people: to hold
to hold the cups
the cups cardboard
cardboard fromfrom
out out between
between the the
circulation in the oceans—a massive system of currents that slowly but Removing
Note:
Note: the lid
Removing done
is best
theislidbest done d) Slowly,
d) Slowly, the the
slideslide flator
flat lid lid or
other hand, rises or “floats” on top. This phenomenon drives thermohaline other cup.cup.
other
Cold water is more dense than warm water so it sinks. Warm water, on the it, then
invert
invert set itset
it, then of the
of the
on top
onit top
Cold deep currents B B B B a flat
c) Place
c) Place flaton
a lid cupcup
on one
lid one andand
cold.cold.
withwith
carefully.
carefully. warm
withwith warmwater andand
water other
the the other
A A A A lid out
lid out b) Fill cupcup
Fill each
b) each to the brim,
to the oneone
brim,
the the
Slide
Slide coloring to each
to each
coloring cup.cup.
a) Add
a) Add different
different colorscolors of food
of food
Method:
Method:

B B A A • Warm
Warm andand coldcold water
water •
warm.warm. • 2 identical
2 identical cupscups
clear
clear or jars
or jars •
water overover
water • A lid
A flat or cardboard
lidcardboard
flator •
and and coldcold
with with Food coloring
coloring
• Food •
waterwater cold,cold,
overover
warm
bothboth
with with warm A A A A Materials:
Materials:
this investigation
this investigation
Warm surface currents to tryto try
Be sure
Be sure Hot
3. 3. & Cold
& Cold
Hot Cups
Cups
B A A X

B
C C D

D
F E E

F X
G G