Determination of the number of lines per millimeter of the grating

Aim:
 
1. To determine the number of lines per millimeter of the grating using the green line of the
mercury spectrum.

Apparatus
 
Spectrometer, diffraction grating element and mercury vapor lamp.

Formula:

Diffraction grating is an optical component having a periodic structure which can split and
diffract light t several beams travelling in different directions. This  depends on the spacing of
the grating and the wavelength of the incident light.
At normal incidence, sinθ=Nnλ
where, 
   N is the number of lines per unit length of the grating
   n is the order of the spectrum
  is the wavelength of light.
θ is the diffraction angle.

Observation Table:

Least count of spectrometer = 1 minute

Note: 60 minute=1 degree

Wavelength of green spectral line = 5461 Å

Window Spectrometer reading Spectrometer reading 2 = AB N = sin/n

when telescope is on when telescope is on (deg)
left (A) right (B)
W1 Vernier 1 Reading = Vernier 1 Reading = 321.6/2= 0.3288/0.00005461=
340.5 +(8 x 1)= 19 +(2 x 1)= 19.0333 160.8 6020.8
340.633
W2 Vernier 2 Reading = Vernier 2 Reading = 38.55/2= 0.3301/0.00005461=
160.5 +(7 x 1)= 199 +(10 x 1)= 19.275 6044.6
160.616 199.166

Result:
Mean value of N = __6032.7_____ lines/cm.