Experiment # 06

Title:
Study of Power DC Circuit
Objective:
1. To understand the basis for measuring the power in dc circuit with voltmeter and an ammeter.
2. To calculate the power in dc circuit by using the relationship of the current, the voltage and the
resistance.

Theory:
In any dc circuit, the value of the power accruing on the load is equal to the total values of the
current square which is multiplied by the resistance of the load. The equation can be expressed as
P=I2 *R
When P= is the Power (Watts, W).
I= is the Current (Amps, A).
R= is the Resistance (Ohms, Ω).

Materials Required
 Multi meter
 Experimental Kit: Electronic Trainer EES-21-305
 Resistor: 10 Ω, 100 Ω, 1 K Ω
 Bulb Light: 12V, 3W
 Line cords

Procedure:
1. Power in dc circuit
1.1 Connect the circuit of Fig. below and adjust the voltage of the supply to 0 V.
 Fig.1 Circuit of the experiment

1.2 Use the first multi meter measuring a direct current setting at 250mA range to connect in
circuit.
1.3 Connect the second multi meter measuring a direct voltage setting at 50 V range to measure the
voltage drop across a light bulb (V2).
1.4 Switch on S1. Adjust the voltage of the source V T to 0,2,4,6,2,10 and 12 V, then read the
current through the ammeter and the voltage VL. Record the results in Table 1.
1.5 Calculate the power of the light bulb (PL) by the multiplying the measured values of I and V L in
step 1.4 together as the equation, PL = I * VL. Record the computed values of PL in table 1.
1.6 From the circuit in Fig. 5-3, compute the current flowing through and the voltage drop across
the light bulb when the source voltage of 0.12V. Record the result in Table 5-3.
1.7 Remove the source from the circuit in Fig. 5-3 and use a multi meter to measure the resistance
of the 12V 3W light bulb. R = ……………………………. Ohm.

Table 1

VT (V) 0V 2V 4V 6V 8V 10V 12V

I (mA)

VL (V)

PL (mW)

2. Power in a series dc circuit.

2.1 Connect the Circuit as shown in Fig. 2.
+1.14

+1.36
Volts

Volts

R1 R2
+11.4
0.1k 0.12k mA

R3
0.22k +2.50
Volts
Vin

Fig.2 Circuit of the series dc circuit experiment

 2.2 Use Ohm’s law to calculate the total current (I T) of the circuit in Fig. 2 and the power value on
R1, R2 and R3 using the equation, P = I2 *R,
2.3 Switch off S1 and set a multi meter measuring the direct current at the measured of range of
11.36 mA. Then switch on S1, read the current flowing in the circuit through a multi meter,

2.4 Use a multi meter then set the dc voltage range at 5V, 10V and 15V to measure the voltage
drop across R1, R2 and R3. In measuring, make sure that the positive and the negative terminals
of a multi meter are on the positions as shown in Fig. 2.
2.5 Calculate the current on R 1, R2 and R3 by using the measured current in step 2.2 and the
measured values of the voltage drop across R 1, R2 and R3 in step 2.3, using the equation, P=VI,

2.6 Remove the supply from the circuit and use the multi meter to measure the resistance of R 1, R2
and R3. Record the result of the parameters below.

Table 1

VT (V) 5V 10V 15V

IT (mA) 11.4mA 22.7mA 34.1mA

P1(mW) 13mW 51.5 mW 116.3 mW

P2(mW) 15.6 mW 61.9 mW 139.5 mW

P3(mW) 28.6 mW 113.5 mW 255.75 mW

Table 2

IT VR1 VR2 VR3 P1(mW) P1(mW) P3(mW) PT(mW)

Calculate 11.4 1.14 1.36 2.50 13 15.6 28.6 57.2

d

Measured 11.4 1.14 1.36 2.50 13 15.6 28.6 57.2

%Error 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Calculations:
R1= 100Ω = 0.1kΩ
R2= 120Ω = 0.12kΩ
R3=220Ω = 0.22kΩ
RT= R1+ R2+R3
RT=0.44kΩ
V= 5V
Vin 5
IT = = = 11.36 = 11.4mA
R T 0. 44
VR1 = IR1*R1 = 11.4× 0.1 = 1.14V
VR2 = IR2*R2 = 11.4× 0.12 = 1.368V
VR3 = IR3*R3 = 11.4× 0.22 = 2.50V
P = VR1*I =1.14 × 11.4 = 12.99 = 13mW
P = VR2*I = 1.36 × 11.4 = 15.59 = 15.6mW
P = VR3*I = 2.50 × 11.4 = 28.59 = 28.6mW
P1 = I2 *R1 = (11.4)2 × 0.1 = 12.99 = 13mW
P2= I2 *R2 = (11.4)2 × 0.12 = 15.59 = 15.6mW
P3 = I2 *R3 = (11.4)2 × 0.22 = 28.59 = 28.6mW