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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

Disaster Readiness
and Risk Reduction

In the light of
Hazards

Quarter 1 Week 5 Module 1

Learning Competency:
Define and cite examples of the types of hazard.
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while
enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing
enhances learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the
concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what
learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.

• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.

• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

• Check your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.

• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from
the entire module.

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LESSON 9: HAZARD TYPES AND EXAMPLES
EXPECTATIONS
At the end of this module, you are to recognize types and examples of hazards.
Specifically, you are expected to:
a. describe geological, hydrometeorological, biological, and man-made hazards;
b. provide examples for each type of hazards.
c. cite more examples on technological hazards.

Hazards such as typhoon, earthquake, and fire are very common in the
Philippines. You are very familiar with these hazards. However, let us explore more
about the types of hazards that could exists in your society or in your community.
Kindly answer the pretest first.

PRETEST
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best describe the idea.
___1. All of the following are general classification of hazard, except
A. Hydrometeorological C. Geological
B. Earthquake D. Man-made
___2. Which of the following is a hydrometeorological hazard?
A. Drought C. ground shaking
B. Pandemic D. house fire
___3. Which of the following is an example of Man-made hazard?
A. Oil-spill C. Tsunami
B. Volcanic eruption D. Earthquake
___4. Which hazard could be a natural or man-made?
A. Ground shaking C. Factory smoke
B. Forest fires D. typhoon
___5. Another term for man-made hazard is?
A. Factory hazard C. Biological Hazard
B. Computer hazard D. Technological Hazard

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LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
TELL ME SOMETHING!
Direction: Create an idea that best describe the figure below.

Exposed
Hazard Vulnerability Disaster Risk
Elements

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
As mentioned earlier, we are familiar here in the Philippines about earthquakes,
volcanic eruption, fires, and typhoon hazards. Every year, the Philippines is frequently visited
by typhoon that is why it is one of the reason we are
familiar with the hazard and we constantly doing
programs to lessen its impact or at least become ready
when typhoon visits every year. Furthermore, there
are also unexpected hazards that may come in our
community. For instance, the storm surge
experienced in Tacloban, Leyte during Yolanda
typhoon was unexpected. This storm surge was
coined as tsunami by some people but it is different.
Is it necessary to get familiar with types of hazard in
https://d9np3dj86nsu2.cloudfront.net/thumb/2bf28c2c8367223e9b7bf7dc2faaeae7/350_403

your community? Why do you think so? Sink hole for example is one of the hazards experience
in other countries and also here in the Philippines. However, are you familiar with the hazard?
How about liquefaction? Pyroclastic debris? These are some hazards produced naturally. Let
us discover more with the following activities prepared for you.

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ACTIVITY 1: WHERE DO I BELONG?

DIRECTIONS: Classify the following hazard given at the bottom of the table as to
hydrometeorological, geological, biological, or technological hazard. Provide what is being
asked after completing the table correctly.
Natural Hazards Man-made
Hydrometeorological Geological Biological Technological

Animal plagues mass movements, tropical cyclones, epidemic diseases, thunderstorms

Factory explosions tsunamis flash floods insect infestations toxic wastes volcanic activity
Dam failures chemical spills pandemic sinkhole tornadoes transport accidents liquefaction

1. Based on the table, describe briefly the following hazard terms:

a. Natural hazards -____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b. Man-made hazards - _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c. Hydrometeorological- ________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
d. Geological - _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
e. Biological - _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
f. Technological - _____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

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REMEMBER

• natural hazards – are naturally occurring physical phenomena caused either by rapid or
slow onset events which can be geophysical (earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis and
volcanic activity), hydrological (avalanches and floods), climatological (extreme
temperatures, drought and wildfires), meteorological (cyclones and storms/wave surges)
or biological (disease epidemics and insect/animal plagues). 1
• technological hazards - man-made hazards (complex emergencies/conflicts, famine,
displaced populations, industrial accidents and transport accidents) are events that are
caused by humans and occur in or close to human settlements. This can include
environmental degradation, pollution and accidents. Technological or man-made hazards
(complex emergencies/conflicts, famine, displaced populations, industrial accidents and
transport accidents) 1
• Hydrometeorological- these hazards deal with water in the atmosphere especially as
precipitation
• Geological – includes internal earth processes like volcanic activity, ground shaking, etc.
• Biological – includes outbreaks that pertains to diseases caused by microorganisms.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Differentiate natural from technological hazards in not more than 5 sentences. Be
able to give examples to prove your point.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Rubrics:

CRITERIA EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

SCORE 5 4 3 1-2
Presents relevant and Presents reasonable Analysis is basic or general Analysis is vague. Failure
CONTENT legitimate information information. to support statements.
Shows no evidence of novel
All sentences are well Most sentences are well thinking and support. Sentences lack clarity,
constructed, varied, clear, constructed, varied, clear Sentences are on the same confusing and irrelevant
precise and interesting to precise and interesting to structure but still relatively
read. read. clear.

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POSTTEST
Directions: Answer the essay comprehensively.
1. Which hazards could be present in your local community? Which hazards are less
likely to happen and why?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What technological or man-made hazard do you think the worst that could happen in
the society? Explain your point.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Rubrics:

CRITERIA EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

SCORE 5 4 3 1-2
Presents relevant and Presents reasonable Analysis is basic or general Analysis is vague. Failure
CONTENT legitimate information information. to support statements.
Shows no evidence of novel
All sentences are well Most sentences are well thinking and support. Sentences lack clarity,
constructed, varied, clear, constructed, varied, clear Sentences are on the same confusing and irrelevant
precise and interesting to precise and interesting to structure but still relatively
read. read. clear.

Reference:
1. Commission on Higher Education. Teaching Guide for Disaster Readiness and Risk
Reduction. 2016;(June).

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Acknowledgements

Writer: JOEFREY R. CHAN – MTII

Editor / Reviewer: REBECCA M. ROXAS, EPS-Science
Management Team: MALCOLM S. GARMA, Regional Director
GENIA V. SANTOS, CLMD Chief
DENNIS M. MENDOZA, Regional EPS in Charge
of LRMS and Regional ADM Coordinator
MARIA MAGDALENA M. LIM, CESO V, Schools
Division Superintendent
AIDA H. RONDILLA, CID Chief
LUCKY S. CARPIO, Division EPS in Charge of
LRMS and Division ADM Coordinator

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ANSWER SHEETS
Name: Score:

Grade and Strand: Teacher: Date:

Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature over printed name

PRETEST
1.___
2.___
3.___
4.___
5.___

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

TELL ME SOMETHING!
Direction: Create an idea that best describe the figure below.

Exposed
Hazard Vulnerability Disaster Risk
Elements

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 1: WHERE DO I BELONG?

DIRECTIONS: Classify the following hazard given at the bottom of the table as to hydrometeorological,
geological, biological, or technological hazard. Provide what is being asked after completing the table correctly.
Natural Hazards Man-made
Hydrometeorological Geological Biological Technological

Animal plagues mass movements, tropical cyclones, epidemic diseases, thunderstorms

Factory explosions tsunamis flash floods insect infestations toxic wastes volcanic activity
Dam failures chemical spills pandemic sinkhole tornadoes transport accidents liquefaction

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2. Based on the table, describe briefly the following hazard terms:
a. Natural hazards -____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b. Man-made hazards - _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c. Hydrometeorological- ________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
d. Geological - _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
e. Biological - _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
f. Technological - _____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Differentiate natural from technological hazards in not more than 5 sentences. Be
able to give examples to prove your point.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Rubrics:

CRITERIA EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

SCORE 5 4 3 1-2
Presents relevant and Presents reasonable Analysis is basic or general Analysis is vague. Failure
CONTENT legitimate information information. to support statements.
Shows no evidence of novel
All sentences are well Most sentences are well thinking and support. Sentences lack clarity,
constructed, varied, clear, constructed, varied, clear Sentences are on the same confusing and irrelevant
precise and interesting to precise and interesting to structure but still relatively
read. read. clear.

POSTTEST
Directions: Answer the essay comprehensively.
1. Which hazards could be present in your local community? Which hazards are less
likely to happen and why?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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2. What technological or man-made hazard do you think the worst that could happen in
the society? Explain your point.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Rubrics:

CRITERIA EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

SCORE 5 4 3 1-2
Presents relevant and Presents reasonable Analysis is basic or general Analysis is vague. Failure
CONTENT legitimate information information. to support statements.
Shows no evidence of novel
All sentences are well Most sentences are well thinking and support. Sentences lack clarity,
constructed, varied, clear, constructed, varied, clear Sentences are on the same confusing and irrelevant
precise and interesting to precise and interesting to structure but still relatively
read. read. clear.

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ANSWER KEYS
PRETEST
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. D

TELL ME SOMETHING
The nature of disaster risk is influenced by the intensity of the hazard, degree of vulnerability of the situation
and the exposure of elements within the hazard zones.

ACTIVITY 1: WHERE DO I BELONG?

DIRECTIONS: Classify the following hazard given at the bottom of the table as to
hydrometeorological, geological, biological, or technological hazard.
Natural Hazards Man-made
Hydrometeorological Geological Biological Technological
Tropical cyclones Mass movements Animal plagues Factory explosions
Thunderstorms Tsunamis Epidemic diseases Toxic wastes
Flashfloods Volcanic Activity Insect infestations Dam Failures
Tornadoes Sinkhole Pandemic Chemical Spills
Liquefaction Transport accidents

Animal plagues mass movements, tropical cyclones, epidemic diseases, thunderstorms

Factory explosions tsunamis flash floods insect infestations toxic wastes volcanic activity
Dam failures chemical spills pandemic sinkhole tornadoes transport accidents liquefaction

3. Based on the table, describe briefly the following hazard terms:

A. Natural hazards – these are natural physical phenomena which are caused by sudden or slow onset of events such as
geophysical, hydrological, climatological, meteorological, or biological.
B. Man-made hazards – these are situations that are caused by humans and occur in or close to settlements of humans
C. Hydrometeorological- these hazards deal with water in the atmosphere especially as precipitation
D. Geological – includes internal earth processes
E. Biological – includes outbreaks that pertains to diseases caused by microorganisms
F. Technological – this is also called man-made hazards that includes industrial pollution, radiation, toxic wastes. It could also
be a direct effect of the impact of natural hazard

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

ANSWERS MAY VARY

POSTTEST
ANSWERS MAY VARY

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