No of the experiment: 06

Name of the experiment: Study on maintenance of Industrial Lock stitch

machine.
Introduction:
Lock stitch is one of the important stitch types among all the stitches. The machine which
produces stitches by interlacing of threads is called lock stitch machine. This machine produces
durable stitches and is very popular in garments industries. It is used to make pant, shirt, dresses
and various parts of the apparels.

Objectives of the study:

1. To know about lock stitch machine.
2. To know different parts of the machine.
3. To know about thread path of the machine.
4. To know about the specification of the machine.
5. To know about adjustment points of the machine.

Sketch / Figure:

Main Parts:

1. Bobbin Winder
2. Thread wiper device
3. Lifting lever
4. Hand swatch A
5. Hand swatch B
6. Work Clamp
 7. Knee lifter plate
8. Power stitch
9. Oil gauge window
10. Oil feeding pocket
11. Machine pulley
12. Operation panel
13. Cotton stand
14. Control box
15. Power indicator
16. USB port
17. Pulley cover
18. The thread takes up cover
19. Finger guard

Machine description:
A lockstitch sewing machine binds cloth together with two spools of thread and
a needle with the eye at its base. Distinct from a chain stitch machine, a lockstitch
sewing machine makes strong, straight seams. It was the first kind of commercial
sewing machine to secure a patent, enter manufacturing, and place automatic
sewing in the hands of millions of households.
Most homes have a lockstitch sewing machine because their basic stitch can be
used for a wide variety of applications. The machine works by interlacing two
threads from two bobbins that cannot unravel easily, unlike a chain stitch. The
length of the stitch, as well as tautness, can be controlled by dial. The SPM of this
type of machine is up to 6000rpm.

Machine specification:
1. Group: lock stitch
2. No of Needle thread: 1
3. No of bobbin thread: 1
4. No of looper thread: 0
5. Total no of thread: 2
6. Stitch class: 300 (Lock stitch)
7. Seam class: 1, 3 (Super imposed seam, Bound seam)
8. Stitch length: Vary
9. Thread per inch (TPI): 2.5”
10. Stitch per minute (SPM): 1500-5500

Application:
Joining of Collar, Cuff and Pocket & all kinds of plain sewing.
Controlling areas:

Maintenance can be of different types. But following types are important in this
aspect.

 Routine maintenance: Lubrication and regular inspection are the constituents of

routine maintenance. Lubrication ensure long life and safe working of all the
equipments. Inspection tries to detect faults in equipment’s so that repairs and
replacements may be undertaken at the right time.
 Schedule maintenance: This type of maintenance provides for inspection,
overhaul, lubrication and servicing of the machine at predetermined dates.
Overhauling of machine, cleaning of all components is normally done on this
machine. It involves opening of the machine into its smallest components and
carry out lubrication.

Setting:
The setting of the lock stitch machine is of immense importance. Folding setting
points needs to be ensured before running the machine.

 Stitch density controller: Its controls the no of stitches per inch. Before starting
the machine, stitches per inch is determined by rotating the knob and fixing it at
the desired position.
 Motor: Motor rpm depicts the speed of the machine. The rpm is controlled by
tightening or losing the belt over machine and motor pulley.
 Needle: Needle undergoes accurate setting to ensure proper sewing. Needle is
attached by means of a screw which needs to be tightened enough to produce
easy sewing. Again, the needle size is also important from fabric point of view.
 Pressure foot: The type of pressure foot to be used and its proper setting is
important, which is ensured by proper attachment with the moor through machine
pulley.
 Feed dog: It is often found that due to random working the feed dog is subjected
to be loose which may cause accident also. Thus, the feed dog must be set
properly with the screw.

Conclusion:
It can also be called plain stitch machine. Here different sizes of needles can be used as per
requirements. This machine is mostly used in our garments industries. It has also given us a
basic knowledge on maintenance of lock stitch machine. The knowledge of this experiment
will be very much helpful in our future practical life.
No of the experiment: 07
Name of the experiment: Study on maintenance of Industrial Over lock
machine.
Introduction:
Over lock, sewing is used to form over lock stitch. It is used for knitted and woven
fabric. Side seam, armhole, the sleeve of the shirt and inseam and side seam of
pant also done by over lock stitch machine. Over lock sewing machines usually
run at high speeds, from 6500 to over 8500 rpm, and most are used in industry
for edging, hemming and seaming a variety of fabrics and products. Over lock,
stitches are extremely versatile, as they can be used for decoration, reinforcement,
or construction. The overlock stitch is used for edge finishing and seaming.
Objectives of the study:
1. To know about over lock machine.
2. To know different parts of the machine.
3. To know about thread path of the machine.
4. To know about the specification of the machine.
5. To know about adjustment points of the machine.
Sketch / Figure:
Main Parts:
1. Thread stand
2. Thread guide
3. Four thread tension post
4. Needle thread take-up lever
5. Looper thread take-up lever
6. Presser foot
7. Throat plate
8. Feed dogs
9. Upper/ lower looper
10.Upper and lower knife
11.Stitch controller
12.Foot pedal
13.Hand wheel
Machine description:
Mainly over edge machines are overlock machines. In this type of sewing
machines there are one or two needles and edge-trimming knife is at the front of
needle. To make over lock stitch 2-5 threads are used. Usually SPM of over lock
machine is 6500. But SPM of 8500 machines are also found. In this machine there
also stretching (stretching max 1: 0.6) and gathering (gathering max 1: 4) systems
during feeding cloth. Stitch is done up to maximum 4 mm length and stitch length
may also be changed by push button. This type of machines can be used for
sewing for both woven and knitted cloths.
Machine specification:
1. Group: Chain
2. No of Needle thread: 1/2
3. No of bobbin thread: 0
4. No of looper thread: 2/3
5. Total no of thread: 3/4/5 (1N2L, 2N2L, 2N3L)
6. Stitch class: 500 (Over edge chain stitch)
7. Seam class: 6 (Edge neatening seam)
8. Stitch length: Vary
9. Thread per inch (TPI): 16-25
10. Stitch per minute (SPM): 6500-8500

Application:
This machine is used for serging garment panels (e.g. trouser panels) and for
overedge stitches (e.g. side seam of T-shirts). Overlock machines give a clean
finish to seam edges.
Controlling areas:

Maintenance of overlock sewing machine can be of different types. But following types
are important in this aspect

 Routine maintenance: Lubrication and regular inspection are the constituents of

routine maintenance. Lubrication ensures long life and safe working of all the
equipment’s. Inspection tries to detect faults in equipment’s so that repairs and
replacements may be undertaken at the right time.
 Schedule maintenance: This type of maintenance provides for inspection,
overhaul, lubrication and servicing of the machine at predetermined dates.
Overhauling of machine, cleaning of all components is normally done on this
machine. It involves opening of the machine into its smallest components and carry
out lubrication.

Setting:
The setting of the over edge stitch machine is of immense importance. Folling setting
points needs to be ensured before running the machine.

 Needle: Needle undergoes accurate setting to ensure proper sewing. Needle is

attached by means of a screw which needs to be tightened enough to produce
easy sewing. Again, the needle size is also important from fabric point of view.
In this machine, one or two needles may be used and it may be 3 thread, 4 thread
or 5 thread machines.
 Stitch density controller: Its controls the no of stitches per inch. Before starting
the machine, stitches per inch is determined by rotating the knob and fixing it at
the desired position.
 Pressure foot: The type of pressure foot to be used and its proper stetting is
important, which is ensured by proper attachment with the moor through
machine pulley.
 Tensioner: Proper stitching depends on appropriate tension on sewing thread.
The tensioner is defective and if it is not properly adjusted then the stitch may be
tight or loose or the sewing thread may be break down, so, tensioners are to be
adjusted properly, in this machine three or more thread may be used. so, her more
tensioning device is used.
 Motor: Motor rpm depicts the speed of the machine. The rpm is controlled by
tightening or losing the belt over machine and motor pulley.

Conclusion:
Over lock stitching machine is necessary for stitching garments fabric. By doing
this experiment, we can know about the various parts of the machine and its
parts setting and its working procedure. We can learn its repairing procedure
also. So, we have learned about this machine mechanism properly and maintain
proper lubrication for smooth operation.
No of the experiment: 08
Name of the experiment: Study on maintenance of Industrial Flat lock
machine.
Introduction:
There are many types of sewing machines. Some are used for special purposes
such as bar tack machine, button hole machine etc. This type of machine works
in a cycle and so they are called simple automatic machine. Here we study on
such a type of machine that is flat lock sewing machine. It is also called flat bed
sewing machine. Flatlock machine has a vast working space permits a wide range
of sewing applications and is utilized for all types of flat sewing work. The
flatlock stitch is sewn by flat lock sewing machine. It is used in swimwear,
sportswear, on baby’s clothes.
Objectives of the study:
1. To know about flat lock machine.
2. To know different parts of the machine.
3. To know about thread path of the machine.
4. To know about the specification of the machine.
5. To know about application of the machine.
Sketch / Figure:
Main Parts:
1. Thread stand
2. Thread guides
3. Disc type tensioner
4. Pressure feed lever
5. Thread take-up lever
6. Needle
7. Looper

Machine description:
Flat lock machines are specialized, high-speed machines. These machines are
extremely fast and efficient. The SPM of this type of machine is usually 6000
and 8-16 stitches may be done per inch. In this machine the stitch is formed by
two or more needle threads passing through the material, inter looping on the
underside and interlocking on the upper side.
This machine is called a cover-stitch sewing machine. Flatlock sewing
machines normally come with 2-3 needles. For the bottom cover stitch machine
2 needle threads pass through the material and inter loop with 1 looper thread
with the stitch set on the underside of the seam. Flatlock sewing machine form
stitches Stitch class 600 Convering chain stitch. These machines are mainly
used for knits but also used for making woven cloth.
Flatlock machines are available in two types - A flatbed and Cylinder bed.
Machine specification:
1. Group: Chain
2. No of Needle thread: 2/3/4
3. No of bobbin thread: 0
4. No of looper thread: 1 to 5
5. Total no of thread: up to 9 (commonly 2N1L, 2N2L, 3N2L)
6. Stitch class: 600 (Convering chain stitch)
7. Seam class: 1 (Supper imposed seam)
8. Stitch length: Vary
9. Thread per inch (TPI): Up to 32
10. Stitch per minute (SPM): 600

Application:
Flatlock machines are used for hemming sleeve and bottom of the knits
products. A cover-stitch machine can be used in any part of the garment for
decorative purpose.
Controlling areas:
Maintenance of Flat lock sewing machine can be of different types. But following types
are important in this aspect

 Routine maintenance: Lubrication and regular inspection are the constituents of

routine maintenance. Lubrication ensures long life and safe working of all the
equipment’s. Inspection tries to detect faults in equipment’s so that repairs and
replacements may be undertaken at the right time.
 Schedule maintenance: This type of maintenance provides for inspection,
overhaul, lubrication and servicing of the machine at predetermined dates.
Overhauling of machine, cleaning of all components is normally done on this
machine. It involves opening of the machine into its smallest components and carry
out lubrication.

Setting:
The setting of the Flat lock machine is of immense importance. Folling setting points
needs to be ensured before running the machine.

 Needle: Needle undergoes accurate setting to ensure proper sewing. Needle is

attached by means of a screw which needs to be tightened enough to produce
easy sewing. Again, the needle size is also important from fabric point of view.
In this machine, one or two needles may be used and it may be 3 thread, 4 thread
or 5 thread machines.
 Stitch density controller: Its controls the no of stitches per inch. Before starting
the machine, stitches per inch is determined by rotating the knob and fixing it at
the desired position.
 Pressure foot: The type of pressure foot to be used and its proper stetting is
important, which is ensured by proper attachment with the moor through
machine pulley.
 Tensioner: Proper stitching depends on appropriate tension on sewing thread.
The tensioner is defective and if it is not properly adjusted then the stitch may be
tight or loose or the sewing thread may be break down, so, tensioners are to be
adjusted properly, in this machine three or more thread may be used. so, her more
tensioning device is used.
 Motor: Motor rpm depicts the speed of the machine. The rpm is controlled by
tightening or losing the belt over machine and motor pulley.

Conclusion:
Flatlock sewing machine cannot be used for normal purpose. But for making a
complete garment their importance cannot be denied. Special care and sufficient
knowledge is necessary for proper working. Otherwise faulty sewing may be
done. I would like to give special thanks to our teacher. I am also grateful to our
instructors. I think this will be very helpful in my future life.