LIGHT

FORMATION OF IMAGE BY A PLANE MIRROR

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Properties of image formed by a plane

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mirror:

• It is the same size as the object.

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• The image is at the same distance

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behind the mirror as the object is in
front of it.

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• The image is laterally inverted.
• The image is virtual.

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Why the image formed in the plane mirror is virtual.
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This is because the image is formed by rays that appear to meet behind the
mirror. In reality the rays bounce off the mirror.
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Why the image formed in the plane said to be laterally inverted?

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This is because the right side of the object appears to

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be the image's left side and vice-versa

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 Laws of reflection:
• The angle of incidence=angle of
reflection (∠𝒊𝒊 = ∠𝒓𝒓
• The incident ray , the reflected

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ray and the normal ray line on the same

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plane.

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Angle of incidence: It is the angle between the incident ray and the normal.
Angle of reflection: It is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal.

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Normal: The straight line at 900 to the reflecting surface is called as the
normal.

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Types of reflection:
There are two types of reflections: so
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• Regular reflection: When reflection is produced
by very smooth surfaces and the reflected rays all
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leave the surface parallel to each other.

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• Example: Images formed by a plane mirror, still

water, a gleam off the polished floor, stainless steel,
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glass.
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•
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Irregular reflection (Diffuse reflection): When

reflection is produced by rough surfaces and the
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reflected rays all leave the surface in many

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different directions.
• Example: Images formed by a wooden tables,
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blankets, walls etc.

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 Real and a virtual image:
Real image Virtual image
Definition A real image is formed A virtual image is an

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by rays of light meeting Or image that is not
A real image can be produced by real

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formed on the screen. rays crossing each
Or other

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A real image is formed on Or

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the opposite side of A virtual image
the lens from the object cannot be caught on

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a screen.
Or

so In an virtual image ,
the rays appear to
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come from the image
always It is always upright
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Nature A real image is
inverted
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Examples Image formed on a cinema Image formed by the

screen, image formed on plane mirror,
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the retina of the eye magnifying glass

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 APPLICATION BASED QUESTIONS
MCQ:

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