Republic of the Philippines

Central Mindanao University

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon

DEPARTMENT OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

Student: JEAN A. AQUINO

Subject: Educ 345 - Field Research in Education
Professor: Dr. Teresita H. Borres

A. For your Mid-Term Exam, pls summarize in matrix from, the highlights of the
attached research article as to:
1) Objectives,
2) Methods,
3) Conclusions,
4) Recommendations

I. Objectives
This study investigates English language teaching (ELT) practices used in the Access
Program and public schools. Specifically, it aimed to meet the following objectives:
1. asses the level of learners’ linguistic skills when exposed to Access teaching
model (Access students) and those who are exposed to traditional method
(public schools) in the pre-test and post-test in terms of their:
a. reading skills;
b. writing skills;
c. listening skills; and
d. speaking skills.
2. evaluate if there is a significant difference in linguistic skills exposed to ELT
practices between students of Access Program and that of public schools in the
pre-test and post test.

II. Methods
1. The investigation of the study utilized a quasi-experimental research design to
determine students’ linguistic skills.
2. Data were collected using multiple sampling techniques.
a. For the Access Program, the researcher used random cluster sampling
technique
b. For the public schools, purposive sampling technique was used.
3. A diagnostic test was adapted to know about the linguistic achievement of the
students and was conducted as an admission test for the Access Program that
was conducted as a pre-test.
a. For reading and writing skills, the test was adapted version of the
Compass Publishing
b. For listening and speaking skills, an oral test was conducted from the
students.
4. After one year, post test was administered to the students to see the effects of
ELT practices on students’ linguistic achievement.
 III. Conclusions
1. ELT practices of Access Program are significantly better than the ELT practices
of public schools as proven by their effect on learning outcomes of both
groups.

IV. Recommendations
1. ELT practices used in Access Program should be researched thoroughly to take
them as a model for all English Language Programs in Pakistan.
2. ELT practices used in Access Program should be researched thoroughly for
further improvement in the Access Program itself.

B. For your Final-Term Exam...I want you to write a reflection paper using CERA
format of Dr. Denis A. Tan. Please be guided of this video, thru this link from
youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acNvB0sJ6Og

Content
The Pakistani government has expressed a strong desire to improve the linguistic performance
of their students. As a result, substantial funds and human resources have been expended in
implementing the Access Program, which is a U.S. government initiative, a department-funded
program to assist the education sector. It is carried out through various non-profit organizations in
order to strengthen the local community by improving the English language skills of local youth from
diverse ethno-linguistic backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the
ELT practices used in the Access Program have any effect on student achievement. The results
proved that ELT practices in the Access Program affected the students positively and was proven that
the ELT practices of Access Program are better than the ELT practices of Public Schools.

Experience
It is evident that teachers play a crucial role in boosting student achievement. I am not an
English teacher, but as an educator, I am aware that the real world of teaching is not simple.
Challenges arise, as do various scenarios and expectations. As a result, I believe that the Department
of Education should step up its efforts to provide an educational system that will promote students'
English mastery through programs or projects that will improve teachers' English language
proficiency. Because, in my experience, even our college students struggle to communicate in
English.

Reflection
The goal of learning English is to help learners use the language successfully in everyday
situations. Students must use English to function in professional, academic, and social environments.
English proficiency in the Philippines has been determined to be dropping. According to a recent
language test result, the Philippines is no longer Asia's top English-speaking country. Despite the fact
that the Philippines is considered as one of the major English-speaking nations, various studies
indicate that the country has to increase its efforts in enhancing the teaching and learning of English
language, establishing it as a crucial skill of the workforce.

Application
Teachers must be competitive in their use of the language in order to effectively teach
students to be critical and analytical in their communication with the usage of English. Learning
opportunities that will assist students in reaching their full communicative potential must be provided.
There are numerous approaches we may take to increase our students' English language ability. One
method is to encourage students to use the language on a daily basis, particularly within the school
grounds. Because development always begins within, students are encouraged to perform self-study
and practice to improve their competencies. However, the teacher's involvement in the classroom
will empower students to continue learning and honing their English language skills.
C. For your Requirement Paper, kindly provide a critical appraisal of the same
attached research article. Please be guided by this video from this link from
youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vn5qhORY7fY

1. Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research?

Yes, there is. As stated in the title itself, this study aims to compare between
the ELT practices at the Access Program and Public Schools. This research is an
endeavor to evaluate whether ELT practices used in the Access Program has some
effect on students’ achievement or not. The main objective of the study is to
investigate the effect of the Access Program (AP) and public school (PS) ELT
practices on linguistic achievement of students. However, the relevance and the
importance of the study is vaguely stated in the introduction part of the article.

2. Is a qualitative methodology appropriate?

In this research, experimental method was applied. Thus, it is not qualitative
in nature. Therefore, qualitative methodology is inappropriate.
3. Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research?
Yes. In the Research Methodology part, it was stated that the researcher
applied experimental method and sample were divided into experimental group and
control group. Homogeneity of the sample was ensured and multiple sampling
technique was used to fulfill the needs of the study. Moreover, to know about the
linguistic achievement of the students, a diagnostic test was adapted and was given as
pre-test then after a year it was then conducted as a post-test.

4. Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research?

Yes. It was stated clearly in the third and fourth paragraphs of the Research
Methodology, to wit:

5. Were the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue?
Yes. It was stated clearly in the third and fourth paragraphs of the Research
Methodology, to wit:
6. Has the relationship between researcher and participants been adequately considered?
With regards to this, I can’t seem to find any proof in the article that the
relationship between researcher and participants have been adequately considered.

7. Have ethical issues been taken into consideration?

There are no sufficient details of how the research was explained to the
participants and the researcher did not raised up issues like confidentiality or informed
consent. Moreover, nothing in the article that says the researcher sought an approval
from the ethics committee.

8. Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous?

Yes. There is actually an in-depth description of the analysis process as seen
from Table 1 to Table 7.
9. Is there a clear statement of the findings?
There is a short statement of the findings as seen in the Discussion part. The
findings were discussed in relation to the research question.

10. How valuable is the research?

The researcher considered the findings relevant to research-based literature
and have identified new areas where research is necessary by stating that the ELT
practices used in Access Program should be researched thoroughly to take them as a
model for all English language programs in Pakistan. Moreover, the researcher
suggested how the findings can be used to other populations.