2016
Higher School Certificate
Personal Development, Health
and Physical Education
 
  General Instructions
 Reading time – 5 minutes
 Working time – 2 hours
 Write using black or blue pen
 Write your student number and/or
name at the top of every page
 
This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room
STUDENT NUMBER/NAME: ……………………..
Preliminary Examination
Total marks – 75
Section I – Pages 2–16
45 marks
This section has two parts, Part A and Part B
Part A – 15 marks
 Attempt Questions 1–15
 Allow about 20 minutes for this part
 Part B – 30 marks
 Attempt Questions 16–19
 Allow about 60 minutes for this part
Section II – Pages 17–18
30 marks
 Attempt TWO questions from Questions 20–23
 Allow about 40 minutes for this section
 STUDENT NUMBER/NAME: …………………….

Section I

Part A – 15 marks
Attempt Questions 1–15
Allow about 20 minutes for this part

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question and indicate your choice
with a cross (X) in the appropriate space on the grid below.

A B C D
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

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1 Observe the skeletal image.

Which sequence correctly identifies skeletal bones, according to their number?

1 2 3 4 5
(A) Clavicle Humerus Femur Fibula Metatarsals
(B) Scapula Radius Tibia Fibula Phalanges
(C) Clavicle Humerus Femur Tibia Metatarsals
(D) Scapula Ulna Fibula Tibia Phalanges

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2 Which of the following are key provisions of building healthy public policy?

(A) Social action, communication, taxation, environmental change

(B) Legislation, monetary policies, taxation, organisational change
(C) Legislation, communication, enhancing life skills, organisational change
(D) Social action, monetary policies, enhancing life skills, environmental change

3 Which of the following best describes blood platelets?

(A) Blood cells containing protein, nutrients, hormones and mineral salts that are
necessary for the nourishment and functioning of body tissues
(B) Blood cells that carry oxygen around the body
(C) Blood cells that provide the body with a mobile protection system against infection 
(D) Blood factors that help to produce clotting substances; important in preventing
blood loss when body tissue is damaged

4 Observe the images of a dumbbell being raised and lowered.

Which statement about the movement is correct?

(A) A concentric contraction is followed by an eccentric contraction, with movement

enabled at a ball and socket joint.
(B) The entire movement is a concentric contraction and involves forearm flexion,
followed by forearm extension.
(C) The biceps is the agonist muscle during the eccentric phase of the movement.
(D) A concentric contraction is followed by an eccentric contraction, where the roles of
agonist and antagonist muscles are reversed.

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5 Observe the graph.

Australian deaths due to road accidents, by sex and age group, 2012.

Which of the following best identifies a non-modifiable health determinant relating to

death and road accidents?

(A) Vehicle availability to young drivers

(B) Gender
(C) Socioeconomic status
(D) Driver drug-testing

6 Which of the following terms is a measure of the volume of blood pumped out of the
heart per time?

(A) Cardiac output

(B) Stroke volume
(C) Heart rate
(D) Systolic volume

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7 Which of the following is an example of a socioeconomic determinant of health?

(A) Inheriting red hair colour

(B) Exposure to cigarette smoke in the home
(C) Studying at university with the aim of securing a well-paid occupation
(D) Consuming a predominantly Asian diet as part of family custom

8 Observe the graph of heart rate zones for advanced, intermediate and beginner training
sessions.

200

180

160 Advanced
140 Intermediate
Beats Per Minute (bpm)

120 Beginner

100

80

60

40

20

0
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

Age

Which of the following statements is correct?

(A) Advanced sessions should average 160 – 180 beats per minute for all ages.
(B) Intermediate sessions should target 140 beats per minute for people aged 40+.
(C) Beginners should ensure their heart rate remains above 120 beats per minute.
(D) As a person grows older their target heart rate reduces.

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9 Examine the image of pulmonary circulation within the body.

Lung Lung
Heart

What is happening in the areas marked X?

(A) Oxygen is diffusing in and carbon dioxide diffusing out of blood capillaries.
(B) De-oxygenated blood is receiving carbon dioxide through the lung alveoli.
(C) Oxygen is being forced into the aortic artery by the lungs.
(D) Oxygenated blood is moving through the pulmonary vein to the heart’s right
atrium.

10 Observe the following guidelines for developing a sun safety policy for a school.

 Consider sun protection in relation to parents and citizens' association

projects and activities.
 Promote the importance of parents, teachers, ancillary staff and voluntary
helpers as role models for students in relation to sun protection strategies.

Which statement best describes the above guidelines for community groups and schools?

(A) They consult to introduce legislation

(B) They consult to introduce screening procedures
(C) They work together to promote health
(D) They work together to change lifestyle practice

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11 Observe the image.

8 4 8
131
Who does this smoking program aim to provide support for?

(A) Current smokers using the reorienting health services approach to health promotion
(B) Non-smokers using the preventative health approach to health promotion
(C) Current smokers using the preventative medical approach to health promotion
(D) Current smokers using the lifestyle/behavioural approach to health promotion

12 Which of the following is the best example of a socially healthy person?

(A) One who interacts with other society members and follows accepted standards of
social behaviour
(B) One who can control their emotions and display resilience in dealing with
difficult social situations
(C) One who achieves a high level of movement skill and physical fitness in society
(D) One who has a deep sense of life’s social purposes

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13 Observe the graph of a shot being thrown, in a shotput event, with varying degrees of
elevation.

Height (y) 75 degrees

60 degrees

45 degrees

30 degrees

Range (x)

Which biomechanical principle does the graph represent?

(A) Linear motion

(B) Projectile motion
(C) Speed
(D) Velocity

14 In a vertical jump test, a male student and a female student scored identical jump scores
of 43 centimetres above their standing reach height. They were then asked to observe the
chart below and interpret their results.

Below Needs
Excellent Good Average
Average work

Female (cm) 44 or more 35-43 27-34 20-26 19 or less

Male (cm) 54 or more 50-53 40-49 33-39 32 or less

Which of the following statements is correct?

(A) Leg power was average for the female student and good for the male student.
(B) Leg power was average for the male student and good for the female student.
(C) Both male and female students showed equal leg power.

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(D) The male student needs to improve his local muscular endurance, while the female
student needs to maintain hers.

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15 Observe the following graph.

Prevalence of daily smoking in persons aged 18 years and over:

by sex, place of residence and socioeconomic status, 2011

(note: Q1 to Q5 refer to 20% variations in relative socioeconomic status

–from relatively disadvantaged to relatively advantaged)

How does the graph illustrate the interrelationship between the determinants of health
and smoking as a risk behaviour?

(A) An individual is more likely to smoke if male, living in a regional area and
of relatively low socioeconomic status.
(B) An individual is less likely to smoke if male and living in a regional area.
(C) An individual is more likely to smoke if female and living in a major city.
(D) An individual is less likely to smoke if female and of relatively high socioeconomic
status.

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Section I – continued

Part B – 30 marks
Attempt Questions 16–19
Allow about 60 minutes for this part

Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces provide guidance for the
expected length of response.

Question 16 (7 marks) Marks

(a) Outline the impact of media, peers and family on a young person’s health. Include
examples. 3

(b) How does an individual’s meaning of health change as a person ages?

Include examples. 4

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Question 17 (8 marks) Marks

(a) Outline a strategy that applies the principle of equity to improve the health of
individuals. 3

(b) Explain how developing personal skills AND strengthening community action can
contribute to positive health outcomes. Provide an example for each area to support
your answer. 5

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Question 18 (9 marks) Marks

(a) Observe the image of Australia’s 2016 ‘Rio’ Olympics 100m freestyle swimming gold
medallist, Kyle Chalmers. He is celebrating to the crowd, immediately after his win.

Kyle has raised his right arm from a horizontal extended position –to the one shown.
Complete the table by identifying the bones, joint and muscular actions involved in this
movement.
6

Two of the bones

involved
Type of joint
movement
-plus reason
Type of synovial
joint at elbow
-plus reason
Agonist muscles
-plus reason

Antagonist
muscles
-plus reason
Type of muscle
contraction
-plus reason

Question 18 continues on the next page

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Question 18 (continued) Marks

(b) Explain the benefits of testing physical fitness. Include examples. 3

End of Question 18

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Question 19 (6 marks) Marks

(a) How could the FITT principle be applied to improving aerobic endurance during
training sessions for an under 13’s soccer or under 13’s netball team? 3

Question 19 continues on the next page

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Question 19 (continued) Marks

(b) Observe the images.

Describe how the body applies AND absorbs forces when throwing and catching a
ball. Include examples. 3

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End of Question 19

Section II

30 marks
Attempt TWO questions from Questions 20–23
Allow about 40 minutes for this section

Answer each question on a SEPARATE page of your own paper or writing booklet, if
provided.

In your answer, you will be assessed on how well you:

 demonstrate knowledge and understanding of health and physical activity concepts
relevant to the question
 apply the skills of critical thinking and analysis
 communicate ideas and information using relevant examples
 present a logical and cohesive response

Question 20 – First Aid (15 marks) Marks

(a) How do the symptoms and management of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia

differ? 5

(b) Justify measures taken to prevent cross infection in a range of first aid situations.
Provide examples to support your answer. 10

Question 21 – Movement Composition and Performance (15 marks)

(a) How can dynamics be used to achieve a specific purpose in movement?

Provide an example to support your answer. 5

(b) Justify the process of combining AND arranging movement in the development of a
movement composition. Use a medium that you have studied to support your answer.
10

Question 22 – Fitness Choices (15 marks)

(a) Explain why fitness has ‘different meanings to different people’.

Provide examples to support your answer. 5

(b) Investigate how settings for exercise influence people’s fitness choices.
10

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Question 23 – Outdoor Recreation (15 marks) Marks

(a) Observe the image.

Explain how a compass AND map can be used to navigate through an unknown
environment. Provide examples to support your answer. 5

(b) Evaluate the styles of leadership AND their suitability when leading an outdoor
group expedition. Provide examples to support your answer. 10

End of paper

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