554 © Mechanics -I For129s A19 s block will start moving, Therefore kinetic friction will act af geaph is a straight line AtI=98,a=2mis* ‘The corresponding ar graph is as shown in figure. a (mist) >t(9) LEVEL 2 Single Correct Option 4. Maximum value of fiction between 4 and B (Aone = HN = Won as = 03% 50x10 =150N Maximum value of friction between B and ground (Anas =HN2 =H (mg + mg) 8 = (0.3) (120) (10) = 360.N Force diagram is as shown below 47, c| +Tap+er, abe? h iF 1, = (Bou = 1S0N 21 + (Svdmax + (S2)onx = 300+ 150 + 360= 810 N T=mg T,_ 810 FB sii Ans. zo 2 si — 49) Atls — Fyq=ma=() (8 ~4))=(i—4)) =W+F where, F= force on cube F=@i-4)-w (i -4))- C10 =i + 6) or ir\= far + © =10N Ans, 3. During motion of block, a component of its acceleration comes in the direction of mg cos 6 Therefore, Motion relative ‘mg cos @ to wedge mg cos0>N 4. Maximum friction available to mis (Foxx) = Hag. Therefore maximum acceleration which can be provided to m, by friction, (without the help of m Ifa >41g, normal reaction from m, (on m,) is non Scot zg Ans, 6. x + y= constant aa eT) Bw on or Ans,umg [mb +r r —a T =umg + ma F-T-umg =ma © P—ymg = ma—ymg = ma F or a= yg 2m 10. 2-frre Now, wt ytesl umg Ans. u. Ans, 12, 13, Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 555 “ and Substituting these values in Eq, (i) we have v, (1+ sin @) =v, Ans. On the cylinder If N=normal reaction between cylinder and inclined plane N sin 0 = horizontal component of N =ma @ N cos @ = vertical component of N =mg “i Dividing Ba. () by Gi) we get, tn o= 4 8 a=giand Ans. With respect fo trolley means, assume trolley at rest and apply a pseudo force (= ma, towards left) on the bob. mg sin @ ~ ma cos @ = sind ~ a.cosd Ans. Net pulling force_(M =m) g ) Total mass (M +m) . Since, M>>m Mom=M+m=M Substituting in 8g, (), we have ang FBD of mT —mg=ma=mg T=2mg Ans.556 * Mechanics -I 14. Leto = angle of repose For @ a. Block slides downwards f-=1mg cos ® or f= 0080 i.e. now it is cosine graph The correct alternative is therefore (b. 15, If they do not slip, then net fore on system = F FE Acceleration of system a= " im THF 18. F FRD of mF —pmg~ma-= jimg = ma= 2 rs amg ume == or Ans, 16. FBD of m wars. chamber Relative acceleration along the inclined plane ima cos@ + mg sin = (acos8 + g sin®) Ans, 1 /s 2 “Va, Yacos0+¢sin8 nN ma (eseudo ~_< force) a mg 17. FBD of m w.r.t. wedge Relative acceleration along the inclined plane ‘ma cos 8 ~ mg sin ® =acos8—g sin @ = 000) (¥)-0n(2) =10mis* (As (Ana = Hamas = 10.N AL (=2s,F'=4N Not pulling force, Fy = F'— F’ =11N T=8N ‘cin = 15N f=10N Total maximum resisting force, P= aux + Aron Since F, < F;, system will not move and free body diagrams of the two block are as shown in figure, Net pulling force Total mass FBD of m Resultant of tensions R=~(F cos 30°) i = (7 sin 30° + T)jPutting 7 R= Since, pulley P is in equilibrium. Therefore, F4R=0 where, F = foree applied by clamp on pulley Fa-R=E Bits} Ans. =0.6x2x10=12N x4 x10=12N 16N and Fava wx + (Saree =24N Since, F < F", system will not move and free body diagrams of two blocks are as shown below. Net pulling fore F Net resistive force F” r F=16N 2kg Z 4kg % t= 12N dkg 9 THI2=16 7 =4N 2g fyaT=4N Ans. 21. EBD of rod wart trolley N Pseudo force ce “ma =) Ne mg N= ma “ Na=me «i Net torque about point C = 0 v, (4 sino) =v (2 cos Ni(gero} ms Gon) or (ma) (in 8) = (mg) (cos 8) = cot Ans. 2 ya20 Big a AL tals a=4m/s* (i) Limiting value of static friction, fi =Hs mg Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 557 Maximum value of acceleration of coin which can be provided by the friction, fi hoax = Es 8 i) Equating Fags. (i) and (i), we get 4=Hs (10) us =04 Ans. 23, Just atthe time of tipping, normal reaction at 1 will ‘become zero. & (moments of all forces about point 2) = 0 Ne t 2 ms We feam-of—x—4 my 4) = m5 (2) or xa at 4 008) _ 1, Ans. «8g 2 24, In vertical direction, net foree = 0 of m9 ng. N, 60s=mg or Ny =-ME. ‘) co: 1 Tos 0 (i Under normal condition, normal reaction is Ny =mg cos ® (i) Na = cos? ‘Ans. Ny; 25, E (moments of all forces about point C ) = 0 we f=mgsino eS © M\ mg cose558 © Mechanics -1 “(2 =Nw Net force in OP direction i zero 2 . re mame @ o(2 ° ae At 45°, sin 8 = cos @ —a a e 3 Hence, the normal reaction passes through 0. 7 Nemo T 69s 45°= ma c 06 fe T=? ma ing in Eq. (D, we get iF tae in Bq. (D, weg mg Ans, 3 ¥ (moments of al forces about point C)= 0 NeaP Se pf 2 L3 a=12 mis? Let V =normal reaction between rod and wedge. ae Then N’ sin 37° will provide the necessary ma force to the wedge or Ans. NN sin 37° = ma = (10) (12) = 120 y = 20__ 120 ana? 06 =200N Ans. Ans. Sp=WN =05 ma f Vertical acceleration, | Ln 28. Let acceleration of box at this instant isa (towards mg ~ fi a right) qt hag-ose hI EBD of ball w.r.t. box 0-05%4 =8mis? lop Applying s => ar31, 32. 33, T-(m+ M)g=(nm+ Mya —Mg -Ma r (mg + ma 8000+ 2) = 14.58 Butanswer will be 14, Ans. It implics that the given surface is the path of the given projectile a =x tan 0-2 , Bi? cos? =x tan 60° - 09" _ @ Qoy cox 60° yavB x= 005.2 @ % Slope, 2 =V3-o.1% i pe, StS ai) At y= 5m S=V3 x 0.05.27 or 0053-3 x45=0 tf Se or ol From Eq, i slope at these two points are, Zand BB Horizontal displacement of both is same Horizontal force on A is complete 7. But horizontal force on Bis not complete T. It is component of T. So, horizontal acceleration of B will be less. r >t 34, 35. Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 559 Maximum value of friction between 10 kg and 20 kg 10 Ko) 50 N 4 20Kg 30Kg (dna = 9.5 x10 10 = 50 Maximum value of tition between 20 kg and 30kg (Ara = (0.25) (10+ 20) (10)= 75 N ‘Now letus first assume that 20 kg and 30 kg move as a single block with 10 kg block. So, let us first calculate the requirement of for this 100 f,=10a fi=S0a On solving these two equations, we get fi =83.33N Since, it is greater than (J;)quy 80 there is slip between 10 kg and other two blocks and 50 N will act here, Now let us check sgn whether there is slip 20%] —e between 20ke and. fF . 30 kg or not. Forthis, care mh we will have to caleulate requirement of / forno slip condition 50- fy=20a and fy=30a On solving these two equations, we get p=30N and a=lmis? Since, fy is less than (/a)yaxy $0 there is no slip between 20 kg and 30 kg and both move together with same acceleration of I m/s? cos0 = 58/5 9 R560 * Mechanics -I 36. vy =v —% + v= Man tM =(2)+2=0 Let z= length of string at some instant, Then, saa if mis. KY x 8 Fixed 2x =2(2m/s)+2m/s =6m/s=v, 37. Relative acceleration At point P| 2 cos = F F ~ Zeos8 At mass m Component of 7 along the other mass mis T sin @ Pane (F\(2) Ans. 2ma _2x03%25 tn G/4) Lut =2N Ans. 38. ctxt {Fee =1= length ofstring Differentiating w.. time, we get Given) or tye, wos vg =2 vp 0088 = (2) 00) (08) =l6mls Ans. Ans. 39. Maximam force of friction between cand ground is (nn = (05) (60) (10) = 300.N Since itis pulling the blocks by the maximum force (without moving). Therefore the applied force is eon - _ © | 00N a \ Lan )nax = 0.4 * 60 120 x 10= 240 N Use ux = 0.3 120 10 = 360 NSince (J Jn is ereater than 300 N, blocks will not move. Free body diagrams of block are as shown below. a | +Te0 fo B T=0 F=300N Tea 300N 40. Letay =ai Tees, tg yas = (15 -a) Since, a,» is along the plane as shown in figure. tan 37° =3 =_18 aa Solving this equation, we get a=—5 or ay C5 A. Acceleration, a= 2E—F FE owards et) mm 2m Horizontal forces on B gives the equation, 2F —N sin 30°= ma Ans. 42. Distance AB = constant & SS Component of v along BA = component of u along BA or v cos 60° = u- cos45° or vev2u Ans. 43. 4. 45. Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 561 Let a= maximum acceleration of A Under no slip condition acceleration of Bis also a FRD of A w.rt. ground o R= ma +Hy. ma i) BE “ Solving these two equations, we get Len a=g( tH Aus. « 4) For Myand M, ar tr} |r Me a of Ula t Mg—Myg _3Mg - Mg Mat M, M4 My £ 2 Now FBD of M; gives the equation, Mig -T =M,-a=“8 2 7 =e 2 or 2 = Me Now taking moments of forces about support point Myg (h)= QT) b= (Mag) 3h) Mies Ans. we Resultant of V and.V (= V2 Nis equal to mg cos 0 vio mg cos ®562 * Mechanics -I _mg cos8 r N N N Now kinetic fiction will at from two sides mg sin 8 = 2 Substituting the value of N, we get a= g (6in 0 V2 py £0s 0) Ans. 46. f, > force offiction between 2 kg and 3 kg (dm =05 X3X10=15 N f+ force of friction between 2 kg and 1 kg (mae = 03 X5%10=15 N Jf, > force of friction between | kg and ground (fi\max = 0.1% 6X10 =6N When F>6N system will tat moving with a common acceleration F-6 (8 1) mie 342e1 6 . fh — 2kg 1kg oN Since F is slightly greater than 6 N A4N F-(+2)=m,a=()@) “a T-2=ma=M(@) i)N mg cos ® Now, a= Java >g sind564 * Mechanics -I 6. Maximum value of friction between A and Bis (Anan = 0.25 X3 x 10= 7.5 N Maximum value of friction between B and C (Dmx = 0.25 7X 10= 17.5 N and maximum value of frietion between C and. ground, (Anas = 0.25 15 10= 37.5 N = foree on A fiom rod Ak—? 75N 75N a +r 175 (max = 175 N re [= Z 7 (lmax = 97.5 N If is moving with constant velocity, then B will also move with constant velocity ForB, T=17.5+75=25N ForC, F=175+25+375=80N For F=200N Acceleration of B towards right ieceleration of C towards left =a(sy) Then T-75-118=4a @ 200-17.5~37.5-T=8a ii) On solving these two equations, we get a=10m/s? J. Sicestty > Hy Dux > Sooe Further if both move, 1 -umg Hofblockis les. Therefore, its acceleration is more. V cos 8 = mg =10 @ N sinO=ma=5 i) On solving these two equations, we get ™ t a mg N=SJEN and tn = 10. 1". 12. Jf, force of fiction between 2 ky and 4 kg “fa-» force of fiction between 4 kg and ground (fy Dour ~04 X2x10= 8N Fy, =0.2x2x10=4N (fp un = 06% 6X 10= 36.N 0.4 x 6x 10= 24N Atlas, F = 2N < 36 N, therefore system remains stationary and force of friction between 2 kx and 4 kgs ero. At 45,P—8N<36N. Therefore system is again stationary and force of friction on 4 kg from. ground is 8 N At t=15, stationary =30N<36N and system is Net pulling force = 0 = a=0 T-1xg-10N T,-2xg-20N 1,= 2047, =30N Sous = 03210 = 6N AtI=25,F=2N< fag f=F=2N BN> Sue f-6N AUI= 10, =10N> fag fH6N f_10 m2 F = fag = 6N a6 For 6s<1s10s ALI=85,F =2mis 051-3 Ja=faa= foo St—3) dt ° ‘ 4mis After 10's Fes 6 ast = constant vat =4+2(12-10) Sms “Maximum force of friction between 2 kg and 4 kg =04x2x10=8N2 kg moves due to friction, Therefore its maximum, acceleration may be Slip will start when theit combined acceleration becomes 4 m/s” F x ord or teis 6 Atr=3s Fim =1m/s” Both a, and a, are towards right, Therefore pseudo forces F; (on 2 kg from 4 ke) and F, (on 4 kg from 2 kg) are towards left F.=@)()=2N F,=(4)()=4N From here we ean see that and pair of equal and opposite forces. 13. See the hint of of Q.No-10 of Assertion and Reason type questions of Levelel do not make a Comprehension Based Questions 1. Letty =H, then pls = 2 According to first condition, F + mg sin @=[15 mg cos® =2 mg cos® (i) According to second condition, + Hae mg cos 8 + wimg cos ® aii) img sin 0 = Putting @ = 30°, we get or VBumg =F +05 mg Git) 8 oe png (Ee Det “(4 or 0.5 3 mg =0.5 mg - F dv) Dividing Eq, (ii) and (iv), we get Ans. 3 Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 565 F + mg sin @— [ig mg cos \ 2)-(2.) me ( “a e)-( hme - Ans. 3 P= mg sin 8 + jhsmg cos 8 a8, 4 ne (B “2 NR 2 = ims. ‘Ans. 6 Smeg Ans. " . 1350 9.8 ~ 1200 9.8 1300 = 1.225 m/s* Retardation, a, = 120° — z ° vt 63 mis nln aso ii) Solving these equations, we get hy =143.m Ans. y= fagh, - YPRIISRTAS = 5.92 mis Ans. tend 8 9 = tan (5) 8° 1s is (Fooux ~ 9.2 X170% 10 x cos 28° = 300.2 N = 300 Spoas = 04 170% 10 x c08 28° = 600.4 N = 600.N Now, (ig + mg) g sin 0 = (340) (10) sin 28° = 1596 N.566 * Mechanics -I Since this is greater than (f4)max + (fy nan: therefore blocks slides downward and maximum, force of friction will act on both surfaces Sot = Sidaas * Sa 00N Ans. 9. qa tat Mis) Sin O = foot my my 1596-900, ~ 3a = 2.1 mist es F =force on connecting bar img g sin © F (Se = Mt P= mg sin® (Lays — mad =170 10 x sin 28° ~ 300-170 x 2.1 =MIN Ans. Match the Columns 1. uw Heme =201, bymg = 20), (@) Motion starsat 4s “ Fp, mg = @)(4)=20n, “ b= 04 (©) At4s, when motion stars, _F =wame = 8220 2 Solving we get ty =0.3 (©) ALf=0.1 5, when motion has not started, f x0.1=02N (@ Atss Fone mg 2x8-03%20 2 =Smis? 05 mis? Ans. L (av . (a) ALO =0°, driving force F = 0 2 fiction = 0 (b) Ato = 90", N=0 Maximum fiction = IN = Oor friction = 0 (©) Angle of repose, ©, = tan" (4) = 45° Since 0 <0,, block is at rest and f= mg sin @ = 2% 10 sin 30°=10N (@) 8 >6,. Therefore block will be moving f=umg cos® (2) (10) c0s 60° = 10 N 10=ma= 5x2 N+ Smist 10N y= 0.4 AA akg W =mg=20N (b) When F = 15 w-F=5N (downwards) This is less than 1, N f=5N (upwards) (©) F=w-pN =20-8=12N (a) F=w+ pgN = 20+ 8=28N (a) Net pulling force F =nct resisting frictional force at C =10N ) f=0 (©) Ne= (mg + me) g= 20 (@) T=F -10N (everywhere) J. Ground is smooth, So all blocks will move towards right 2 kg and 5 kg blocks due to friction, 2kg 4 akg | +r 5kg8. jumg cos =15N a ZA ar “e ta z so 30N T-10-15=2a @ 30-2r = “i Solving thes ¢ two equations we get, a=-3.8 mis So, if we take the other figure, we Se 2r ' x 2 2 so 30N This figure is not feasible, Because for'a'to be down the plane, 1ON>T +15 which is not possible a=0 and free body diagrams are as shown below. 2T=30N Subjective Questions 1. It is just like a projectile motion with g to be replaced by g sin 45°, After 2s, [os =10m/s Ans. z 45° x2) + (0 cos 4 VE ) 2. Suppose T be the tension in the string attached to block B. Then tension inthe string connected to block A would be 47 Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 567 Similarly, if a be the acceleration of block A (downwards), then acceleration of block B towards right will be 4a. Equations of motion are For black mg -4T = ma or 50-47 = Sa “ For block B, 1 f=10(4a) or T = (0.1)(10)(10) = 40a or T-10= 40a ai) Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get a=s mi? Ans. 33 |. (a) When the truck accelerates eastward force of friction on mass is eastwards Fagin = ASS X acecleration = (30 x 1.8) =S4N Since itis less than , me S=54N (eastwards) (b) When the truck accelerates westwards, force of fiction is westwards f mass X acceleration =114N Since itis greater than mg. Hence S= Sc=hyme=O0N (westwards) Ans. 0x38 }. Block # will fall vertically downwards and 4 slong the plane. ‘Writing the equations of motion. Forblock B, img —N = mpg or 60 -N = 6 @ (N + mga) sin 30° = myay or (N +150) =30 a, soli) Further ay = a, sin 30° or a4 = 2a (ii) Solving these three equations, we get (2) ay = 636 mis? Ans. () gy = ay 008 30° = 55 mis? Ans. 1. Let acceleration ofm be a, (absolute) and that of M be a, (absolute).568 * Mechanics -I Writing equations of motion, ay mg cos «| FN sino m—+e, Form — mg cos. ~N = ma, “ For M, N sin c= Ma, ii) Note In the F&D only those forces which are along a, «and a, have been shown. Constraint equation can be written as, a) =a, sina «iy Solving above three equations, we get acceleration of rod, mg cose sin Ans. ( M m sino. + sna and acceleration of wedge mg. c0s 1 Ans. sino 6. (2) ¥, and mg pass through G. V, has elockwise moment about G; so the ladder has a tendeney 10 slip by rotating clockwise andthe force of fition (J) a8 is then up the plane. (b) EM, =0 Lon ase ; f me (Sin 45°) @ BF, =0 img =Nzcos 45° + fsin 45° Gi) From Eqs. (i) and (i), 3 Ny =< mg eA 7. Here fi = fore of friction be and f surface, force of friction between plank and iN 4 mg Nemg Nemg FBD of man FBD of plank For the plank not to move Fon © A SF + fw or Fp (M+ mg fay slipping will ake place between two. blocks and Ans. 11, Normal reaction between A and B would be NV =mg cos 6, Its horizontal component is N sin 6 Therefore, tension in cord CD is equal to this horizontal component. Hence, T=. sin @ = (mg cos6) (sin 8) Ans. Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 569 12. Assuming that mass of truck >> mass of erate, Retardation of truck a, = (09) g=9 mis? Retardation of crate a= (ON g=T mist or relative acceleration of erate a, = mis? ‘Truck will stop after time and erate will strike the wall at t= [22 = 22-1785 a 2 As fy >t, etate will come to rest after travelling a distance x20 (3) 9 =2.77m Ans. 2 4 a 13. jymg =02%10%10=20N For ts028 Prue 20+20 10 Retardation a, = At the end of 0.2, un at y=12-4x02=04 mis Fort>02s 0+ 20 Retardation a =: 3 mis? Block will come to rest after time Total time=02+ 013 = 033 Ans. 14, Block will start moving a, or 251=(0.5) (10) (9.8) = 49N 2 121.968 Velocity is maximum atthe end of 4 second, dy _ 251-49 St-49 10 "2S 1-49)de Vane = 5-2 t's Ans.570 * Mechanics - I For 4 s7s Retardation a B L49mist 10 v2 25-0515 a 49 ‘Total time = (4 - 1.96) + (7-4) + (051) =5.355s Ans. 15. Let # and C both move upwards (alongwith their pulleys) with speeds vy and ve then we can sce that, A will move downward with speed, 2vp + 2ve. So, with sign we ean write, Bey Substituting the values we have, vp = 0 Ans. 16. FED of with respect to frame is shown in figure. A is in equilibrium under three concurrent forces shown in figure, so applying Lami’ theorem ma mg sin (90+ 60) sin (90+ 30) 608 60" _ 5.66 mis? 08 30° 17, FBD of iM; and M; in accelerated frame of reference is shown in figure. Note Only the necessary forces have been shown Mass M, will neither rise nor fall if net pulling force is ze. ive Ma= Mag Fah + M+ Mya = (My + My + Ms) Ans. 18, Retardation a=, g = 0.15% 9.8=147 mis? Distance travelled before sliding stops is, 2 er) =¢ 85m Ans. 2x47 19. V2. =mg cos yy =m 808 ce NA gamit sin = 2 = sind Ving c0s0 = (in -2n,c080) Ans 20, y.# _Netforee _F - wip (b=) g ° ae mass pL. 2A. (a) v=a)4, =2.6mis sat afb 2% (13) =1.69 m a> 82 =(2.2-1.69)= 051m and (b) Acceleration of package will be 2m/s* while retardation will be jug or 2.5 mis? not 6.63 mis? For the package,=m -1 4 8 =26x04-1 425% (04) 2 2 = 084 m Displacement of package w.r belt (084051) m= 0.33 m Ans. Alternate Solution For last 04's \a,|= 6.63 - 2.5 = 4.13m/s? ied cats =033 m 22. Free body diagram of crate A w.r.t ground is shown in figure, N las mg=100N Equation of motion is 100-N = 10a, “a a, = asin 30°= a3) or a,=imis? Substituting in Bq, (i), we get oo 23. (a) Force of friction at different contacts are shown oar a — 4 om +— Here, fi =hymg and fp=Hy (mg) Ghent aoe tta fh>h Fearon tug ae Acceleration of lower block fiz fy Ws lne 7 10 4 Chapter 8 Laws of Motion * 571 Relative retardation of upper block ul +a oF we Now, o= 30 T= He 28. v,=\ ee Retardation a=yg ‘Time when slipping will stop is ¢ or in x-direction, Hence, coordinate of particle, 2h vidoe ve 2ue and vy Ans.572 * Mechanics -I 25, FBD of m, (showing only a the horizontal forces) N . T Equation of motion for m, is T-N=ma, @ r r N T a, |= m9 % FBD of m me Equations of motion for m, are Nema, Gi) and mg -T = mst; Giiy Equation of motion for m, are mag —T = mya “wy Further from constraint equation we can find the relation, a,=a+a, 0 We have five unknowns 4;, as, a3, Tand N solving, we get a, =m & ns, (Gg Fa) Gm, + ma) My 26. Writing equations of motion, TN =3ma, @ = 2a i) 2mg ~T = 2ma, (ii) — 8 = ma, io ra 9) From constraint equation, 4, =~ ay ) We have five unknowns. Solving the above five equations, we get FBDef3m FED of 2m VW Acceleration of m = a; and aeceleration of 3m = a, Ans. 27, g@=—™ss__ m+ Mm For the equilibrium of B, bmg ‘mg = BN =y(may = Mas _ BN = NO _ (myn Dm m= em Ans. aad Note m,>0 + w>1