Level: Upper

Middle School

Social Studies: Expository Immigration-Part I

Reasons for Immigration
Concept Questions:

who settles in another

Between 1866 and 1915, more than a
immigrant 3
someone
What is an
2 somcone who is diffeent from
country, a future citizen,
million immigrants poured into the United States
whe was not bonn in the US, 1 my
someone
iizens.

gandtather) Both push and pull factors played a

part in this
vast
migration. Push factors are conditions that
drive people from their homes. Pull factors are
3-2-1-0)
conditions that attract immigrants to a new area.
What is peecunon G: teating someone badBy/ cruelly
unjair treatment/oppression
becausc of race or religion; 2:
bullies do it; 1: like Push Factors
people can die from it, a form of abuse,
ceunor
Many immigrants were small farmers or

landless farm workers. As European populations

3-2-1-0) grew, land for farming became scarce. Small farms

What is hardship? 3: suffering, dificulties, trouble; 2:

could barely support the families who worked
sometimes due to poverty, people do not like it, you work to
overcome it; not having enough to eat; 1: not good) them. In some areas, new tarm machines replaced

tarm workers.

Another factor was political and religious

(3-2-1-0)
their
What does it mean to attract'? (3: appeal to people, get
persecution that pushed many people to leave
people's interest, entice; 2: TV ads attract, it makes you want homes. In the late 1800s, the Russian government
to buy something; 1: can help or hurt someone)

supported pogroms or organized attacks on Jewish

recalled Jewish girl who

villages. "Every night," a

kill
(3-2-1-0) fled Russia, "they were chasing after us,
to

Score:. /12= % Russia and eastern

everyone." Millions of Jews fled
FAM 255% . -UNFAM
Europe to settle in the American cities.

Persecution was also a push tactor for

Armenians lived in the
Armenian immigrants. The

320 Section 12/Test

Materials: Level-Diagnostic Passages
Level: Upper Middle Schooi
Turkey). Between left their homes for the United States. Thousands
Ottoman Empire (present-day
of Italians, Poles, and
the 1890s and the
1920s, the Ottoman government eastern European Jews also
Armenians. Many fled, sailed to America. Jobs were another pull factor
million or more
killed a

California and elsewhere in American factories needed workers and factory

eventually settling in
owners sent agents to Europe and Asia to hire
the United States.
workers at low wages. Steamship companies
other push lactors. In
War and hardship were

competed to offer low fares for the ocean crossing

in Mexico and this caused
1913, a civil war raged
and railroads posted notices in Europe advertising
Mexicans to cross the border into
thousands of
land in the American west. (422 words)
cheap
in
the American Southwest. Poverty and hardship
make new homes
China drove many Chinese
to

From The American Nation by James Cast1llo.

West Davidson, Pedro
discovered in 2002 Pearson Education Inc.,
or

ts

across the Pacific. After gold was

and Michael B. Stoff. Copyright
Reserved
affiliates. Adapted by permission. All Rights
California, thousands of Chinese poured into

California attracted, like so many others, by tales of

Number of Total Miscues
"mountains of gold." (Total Accuracy)
Miscues
Number of Meaning-Change
Pull Factors
(Total Acceptability):
Total
Total
The promise of freedom and hopes for a
Acceptability
Accuracy
Independent 0 - 1 0 miscues
better life attracted poor and oppressed people 0-10 miscues .
Instructional 1l-23 miscues
11-44 miscues -
from Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Often one
2 4 + miscues
45+ miscues - Frustration-

bold family member-usually a young single = WPM

Rate: +22 x 60
=
25,320/ seconds

male-set off for the United States. Before long, WCPM:(422- errors) X 60
=

seconds
WCPM

he would write home with news of the rich land

across the ocean or across the border. Once settled,

Retelling Scoring Sheet for

he would send for family members to join him.
"Immigration-Part 1"

Once settled, the newcomers helped pull

Main ldea
neighbors from the old country to the United
million immigrants poured into
More than a

States. In the 1800s, one out of every ten Greeks the United States.

Immigration -Part 321

 Level: Upper Middle School

Once settled, he would send for

Details family
members.
Push factors and pull factors played part.
a
One out of every ten Greeks left their homes.
from their homes.
Push factors drive people
that attract immi-
Thousands of Italians, Poles, and Jews sailed
Pull factors are conditions to America
grants
Main ldea
Main Idea
land
Jobs were another pull factor
tactor was scarce
A push
Details
Details
American factories needed workers
Many immigrants were tarmers
Owners sent agents
Small tarms could not support them.
to hire workers at low
Machines replaced farm workers wages.
Steamship companies offered low fares
Main ldea
and railroads advertised cheap land
Reigious and political persecution were push
tactors Questions for "Immigration-Part 1
Details 1. What is this passage mostly about?
The Russian government supported pogroms Implicit: reasons why immigrants came to
or attacks on Jews America
Milhons of Jews fled Russia and Europe.
The Ottoman government killed Armenians
A million or more Armenians fled.

Main ldea

War and hardship were push factors. 2. Why did farmers leave Europe and come to
America?
Details Explicit: land became scarce or farms could not
War raged in Mexicoo support families
Thousands of Mexicans crossed the border
Hardship drove Chinese across the Pacific.
After gold was discovered,
thousands poured into California

Main Idea result in

3 Why would growing populations
The scarce larming land?
promise of freedom/hope for a better life
attracted people. Implicit: more land would be needed for cities
and places for people to live
Details
From Europe/Asia/latin America,
a bold yourng male set off for the United States.

322 Section 12/Test Materials: Level-Diagnostic Passages

Level: Upper Middle School
owners send agents to Europe
4 Name two push factors allecting mmigration 9 Why did factory
to hire workers?
Explhtt scarce land. persecution, war, or hard- needed workers: or they could

ship Explicit. they

low wages
hire immigrants lor

5 What push factor caused Mexicans to cross the

border into America?
land in
Evplhit: civil war in their country railroads advertise cheap
10. Why would
the American west?
would have to travel on

Implicit: the immigrants

to get to the west
the railroads

single male usually the first

6. Why was a young
tamily member to immigrate!

Implicit: he was not burdened by a family; or

he could get job easier than a woman or an
a

or he might be more adventurous

or
older man;

courageous

7. Give two examples of pull factors that affected Without Look-Backs

immigration.
of a bet- Number Correct Explicit.
Explicit: promise of freedom; promise
ter life; a family member
who immigrated; a Number Correct Implicit:.
neighbor who immigrated, or jobs Total:.
Independent: 9-10 correct

Instructional: 7-8 correct

Frustration: 0-6 correct

in America be a
8 Why would having a neighbor With Look-Backs
pull factor?
Number Correct Explicit:
the immigrant would know someone
Implicit:
neighbor could help the immi Number Correct Implicit:
in America; the
or the neighbor might con- Total:
grant get settled;
that it was a good idea to
vince the immigrant Independent: 9-10correct
come to America
Instructional: 7-8correct

Frustration: 0-6 correct

Immigration-Part 323