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Egg Cell Human Reproduction
2‐ The Menstrual Cycle
3. Sperm Cell
2. Menstruation
The menstruation normally starts at around 12years old.
Abdominal cramping, hormone fluctuation/mood swings,
nauseare some symptoms experienced by women during
menstruation. A period normally lasts 4‐7 days. The entire
menstrual cycle is 28 days. Following menstruation
ovulation occurs.
4. The Placenta
Zygote: a joining together of a sperm and egg cell
The placenta is responsible for providing oxygen and
nutrients, and removing waste substances. It grows into Pregnancy: carrying a developing embryo or foetus within the female body. This lasts for 9
the wall of the uterus and is joined to the foetus by the months/40 weeks
umbilical cord.
Useful substances diffuse from the mothers blood into the Placenta: is an organ responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients, and removing waste
foetus’s blood. Understand that harmful substances from substances
smoking, alcohol, and drugs (such as heroin) diffuse from
the mothers blood into the foetus’s blood also, and can
Implantation: attachment of the fertilized egg to the lining of the uterus
cause birth defects.
Waste products from the foetus diffuse into the mothers
blood Embryo: develops from a zygote
5‐ Plant reproduction 6‐ Seed Dispersal 7‐ Food Chains
8‐ Food Webs
Name Description
Herbivore An organism that only eats
plants.
Omnivore An organism that eats both
plants and other animals.
Predator An animal that preys on other
animals for food. Food webs show how energy moves
Prey An animal that is predated
from one organism to another, up to
upon by a predator. the top predator.
Producer An organism that makes its
own food using light energy Food chains and webs always begin
(photosynthesis). with a producer.
Consumer An organism that eats other
organisms to obtain energy.