Chapter 6.

CENTROIDS AND MOMENTS

I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume

Centroid of a volume V is the

position vector defined by
the equation:

where:
The total volume V is defined by
In the Cartesian coordinates

và

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.1 Pyramid

 Symmetry, so

 and

Trong đó

I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.1 Pyramid
 The volume increment is

 The veriable x, y can range between

 Then

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.1 Pyramid

Centroid is z=h/4 from the top

I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.2 Hemisphere

 Or

 For a thin section of thickness z, the area at

height z is

 The volume of a hemisphere

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.2 Hemisphere
The centroid is

I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of an area

 or

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.3 centroid of a triangle

I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.3 centroid of a triangle
 The centroid is

 Area of the triangle:

 Coordinates

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.3 centroid of a triangle

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I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.4 centroid of the area under parabola

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of a volume
EX 6.4 centroid of the area under parabola

 xC  yC

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I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of lines and curves
EX 6.4 centroid of the area under parabola

Hoặc

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts - Volume
 For an object of several sub-regions R1, R2,…Rn , the
centroid of the total object is given by

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I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts - Volume

 Where

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts - Area

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I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts – Area
Ex. 6.6 Find the centroids of the following shapes

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts – Area
Ex. 6.6 Find the centroids of the following shapes

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I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts – Area
Ex. 6.6 Find the centroids of the following shapes

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts – Area
Ex. 6.6 Find the centroids of the following shapes

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I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts – Area
Ex. 6.6 Find the centroids of the following shapes

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 I. Centroids
I.1. Centroid of composite parts – Area
Ex. 6.6 Find the centroids of the following shapes

 Tra bảng ta có

 Các tọa độ được tính theo công thức

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II. Inertia properties of

cross sectional area
II.1. Second moment of inertia

 In chapter 5, the polar moment is

appeared when we study torsion
 In the next chapter, the second
moment also is appeared

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 II. Inertia properties of
cross sectional area
II.1. Second moment or moment of inertia

 For a plane area, A, the moments of inertia with

respect to the x, y axes are defined to be

Dimension is

I x and Iy are called second moments of area

 Polar moment can be determined

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II. Inertia properties of

cross sectional area
II.1. Second moment or moment of inertia
 Ví dụ 6.7. Determine Ix Iy and Ip of the following area

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II. Inertia properties of
cross sectional area
II.2. The parallel axis theorem
 Suppose for a given area A, with centroid C, that we know the
moment of inertia about the centroid of area A

 We need to find the moment of inertia about some other axes

and reference point P

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II. Inertia properties of

cross sectional area
II.2. The parallel axis theorem

 Because C is centroid

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II. Inertia properties of
cross sectional area
II.2. The parallel axis theorem
EX 6.8
 Find Ix Iy and Ip about ox and oy axes

 According to ex 6.7

 Using the formula

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II. Inertia properties of

cross sectional area
II.2. Second moment of composite area

 For a region A, composing several sub-

regions (A1 A2 … An)
 The second moment IA is sum of the
second moments for sub-regions

 We can combine this result with the

parallel axis theorem if the local sub-
regions have (Ix)C for their centroids.

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II. Inertia properties of
cross sectional area
II.2. Second moment of composite area

 EX6.9 To
calculate (Ix)C
and (Iy)C given
shapes

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II. Inertia properties of

cross sectional area
II.2. Second moment of composite area

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