'the Door to.

English ~orl'cr
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rn- dimcuit to daangulSh thr

m- I.,&,inu h A,, rau-
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There .re loo,. pop",*. !""Ida oi (.rr..n orrgm

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 CONTENTS

% I S Zil.7TE2$? 1
-1s this English? -
1. +ng%;~ 1
2 . &@;g 2
3 . R:aufl0z% 3
4 . BBS03aOa 4
5. s~on 5
READING S E m O N Foreign Words 6

%2 a"a2d~TGtZ
? 8
-Parts of Speech -
1. FuZd 8
2 . %oOaZ40123j 9
3. @ 10
4 . ooaZ40%M 11
5 *0,$-1+*3i. ma
$,%I.
PD
Hf$,3&. G;g 12
READING S E ~ O N Information Technology: the
Third Wave 13

3 b@Z'tt=t34FiBdf 1s
-Word Order -
1 . $$h~Glk#!l%W 15
2 . @ZFJ+€If$,ZE 16
3 . g jD~ % J + B ! g J ; ~ + ~ ! g J17~ $ j
4. P aq+B p,*Z+$$,SZ
' Ba pa 18
READING SECTION Presidents and Prime
Ministers 19
 21
-Punctuation -
1. P I ) A- F, 3 7-7, @Pn7t+ 21
2 . P'l A- Fa>R~2i-!%iG 22
3 . ?a>~&a)@%.623
4. @@ 24
READING SECTION Global Warming 25

83533 eh/&zf? 27
-English Sounds -
1. 4 2 l - $ \ - 2 3 2 k 1 ) x A 27
2 . %$&% 29
3 . Ek%?k++$ 29
READING SECTION The Baroque Art 31

3 3 ba,C:ca$im 33
-Nouns -

1. Ba)$53 33
2 . &El% k @B% 35
3. A%it&Z7 37
READING SECTION Nations 38

3377 %k'it&hcX 40
-Numerals -
1. 40
2 . @gW 42
3. *ic 43
4 . E%a>*iC 44
READING SECTION The Story of Numbers 45

3313:s~ - ~ c a m t , ~ 2 47>
-Mood -
1 . ez*, &a*, BPWY* 47
2 . &+* 49
3 . &@* 50
READING SECTION Inflation and Deflation 51
a599 Wkza 53
-Tense and Aspect -
1. &!?*RB.%% 53
2 . $3 54
3 . ?E?TH$ 55
4. %T% 56
READING SECTION Law a n d Society 57

1 $%C29 3 ! I3e-2L k 5 59
-Adjectives and Adverbs -
1 . f,M-
fend 59
2 . @J$ij 61
3 . % g g q kElJ24 62
4 . *gflzq 63
READING SECTION World Heritage 64

$Ell@ kL<T&ktCg 66
-Comparative and Superlative -
1 . h3&fk$jr 66
2. !&%& 68
3 . %k& 69
READING SECTION Fewer Children 70

-A.
& mQ%~s&
9<$

2 3w@ic= &? 72
-Prefixes and Suffixes -
1 . %%?D&i73Z% 72
2. B5H35 73
3. BE635 74
4. Pi-%;?? 74
READING SECTION Robotics 76
Is this English?

arming Up

1 7 9 -3- 7 9- 7 - [ part-time worker 1

 - cheating - salaried worker enthusiast
. air-conditioner part-time worker + secret stapler

(1) 3 - 7 - f j \ ' a < ? h ~ ) ~ ~ ) ~ q ~

[air-conditioner well working is the].

(2) mYS+;chk37<12Z3b\O
[stapler will pass me you a]?

(3) 3 s T h > - > Y h L T ~ ; 1 ; L ~ I ~ % e h O

[cheating examinations any do the on don't].

(4) c h k k % 7 1 / 1 7 3 k o
[you me between this secret and is].

( 5 ) %A1;1;2oeSRDtn+7=PP30
[I enthusiast stamp years twenty have been these a for].

(1) T b P [ television

(2) F Y h % [
(3) 77Y37, [
(4) 7-70 [
(5) JYYIl> [

(6) 43/71/ [

(7) AIDS [

(8) 4WD [
( 9 ) PET bottle [
( 10) VTR (VCR) [

deflation - inflation four wheels drive

television video tape recorder (video cassette recorder)
facsimile acquired immunodeficiency syndrome - word processor
digital camera polyethylene terephthalate bottle
- personal computer . super computer

khaki salmon roe industrial complex

- soap ice cream the Pleiades
- goose liver cap / hat questionnaire
ski pole master chief
wind shield rear-view mirror - engine hood
steering wheel air conditioner horn
hand brake accelerator blinkers / turn signals
morning service . . %!JRDHFRLTI+~TS
training pants . - m~djKrLJ
trump tnLJ$L
veteran . iEE3
front . BGFh

( 1 ) Hanako: Hi, Sarah. H o w was your trip from New York?

(2) Sarah: Well, i t was comfortable on the airplane.

(3) Hanako: I heard that body checks at the airport have become more severe recently.

(4) Sarah: What d o you mean by body checks?

( 5 ) Hanako: I mean checking security by having your body checked at the airport.

( 6 ) Sarah: Oh, that's security check!

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

( 7 ) Hanako: Oh, I see! W e must say "security check".

 11 Reading Section
Foreign Words

All of the foreign words in the Japanese language are

NOT from English. Because the foreign words from the
western languages are written with kata-kana, it is some-
times difficult to distinguish the word's origin. In such origin ER

5 cases, you must consult your dictionary.

Some words come from languages other than English.
For example, 'combinat' is a Russian word, though it looks
like an English word 'combination.' 'Ikra' is also a Russian
word meaning fish roe, and this word sounds like
10 Japanese 'ikura' - 'how much.'
There are some popular words of German origin.
'Arbeit' is one of them. Notice that the first letter of all the
nouns are written with capital letters in Germany. It means capital letter $cQ?

'work / labor.' In English there is a word which looks similar similar (83) tlT1\6

15 in spelling to that word: 'albeit' (even though). But these

two words have nothing to do with each other. 'Energy' is
another German word often used in Japanese, but it has
the same spelling as in English. Only the pronunciation is
different in German and in English.
 :?%%SfA h & L L j0
0;AD@iED%@%TDg%RRh\5BUs
(1 ) foreign [ ] (2) distinguish [ ] (3) consult [ I
(4) roe [ ] (5) notice [ ] (6) pronunciation [ ]

a. sound
d. pay attention
b. fish egg
e. tell one from another
c. of other countries
f. look up ~
1

, e
O ; A O P D B E ~ ~ " & ~ $ W L TTL ~ ~ ~ j ~Fi%Ttlrm%
~ ~a[ ~ f h [ b L L 50 @
(1) All of the foreign words in Japanese are from English. [T/Fl

(2) All the foreign words are written with kata-kana in Japanese. [T/Fl
(3) 'Cornbinat' is different from 'combination.' [T/F1

(4) The German word 'Arbeit' and the English word 'albeit' have the same meaning. I T/ F]

(5) The Japanese pronunciation for the word 'energy' comes from German. [T/F I

these t w o words fj"FIB%LTLjBh\, ;ADZh\53ZhT'A?k L L 5 0

07;@%

Arbeit ikura combinat albeit

Parts of Speech

arming Up
EI$Za>*ZT~&&Q@J[Z\TZJ B;%a>k5t,-B%Tft-%LTf&LtcOZa>k5t,-*Z@J
B%Tft-%$lztc:EB To"ot4J &LC)&T o T&:qJ YtI'f-'tIBEaQZgclIWE?W
-$by&LJZTo( 1 1Z:%%TBo"oZIBTb\5Sh,TPfh l z T B & L d r 5 0

[@ azg 1
:
s
B4F7ZZT (
TL)J T B b B (
TtZJ T @ b B (
zwla>gA(
Ti'&f"zg (
#=[- j,
0 L \b\B (
1
)
)

831-b
o c \h\B (

@Ub\l3t,-c? ( 1

+ma --+- 3&rnhY&B (

;~m7bYt,-L~(

088 OgJW 0 OEqW 0 OBi$W OEgJW

OEgJB3 OtZiF%3 o@a3

(1) 8 W [pencil I
(2) R 8 W [ , I
 - walk . . at . and . oh . red . hello . them slowly . put
pencil
but quick - Kyoto - he . ever . say - you - Michael . on - high
- quickly . bread . forget - we . hi - in - him . money

(1) I&1qI %%&jl\%&LJ3GLJ0

[truth fiction than stranger is].

( 2 ) [ e g a l ,fiL&EDHf GWD-3tf 0

[
t
hJ my favorite songs one of is].
(3) IBfiR1 9 3 >1& R%a)t;&lZflhLf~%drl~;h\~3Tl~B~
[John future for what to do knows the].

(4) Ifi33Sll EB%6[&AZ+F@TT0

[Natsume Soseki popular novelist is a].

(5) IBIWl Fi* tL%~;t;BBTlBhBl~3LftO

[soldiers battle in seriously injured were the the].

(6) IE%Sll YttTl&, 9blZS;h\h'rf

8 L & 5,
[then go out dinner for let's]!

( 7 ) IEgWl @a) 9 @[L8$l\L3L

& 50

[morning nine o'clock see you the in].

(8) IR%fiRI +&, nZ;h\L\?

[hi are how you]?

2 ~ 5 ~ l k ; h ~ & 8 ~ T ~ ~ & ~ l ; d r 5 [$AQ %&~l \ ~

l\3
hT%oPjZl'd,
f ~ T ~ ~ h &l\
mother
5a)l;t;Sa~Tfj'., his mother k2i51LQB& rSSI$A &@U?3To
aa)arc;t., G I - J ~ > S ~ ~ L T ~ ? & La
Tf&#La) ~
)~Tc
, ++~a~ar3~&5~

(1) %W$ Information technology will be the crucial key in the new century.

( 2 ) BW$ I am looking forward to seeing you.

 (3) aWQ Yosano Akiko was brought u p in Sakai, Osaka.

(4) BYWQ Jane spoke verv slowlv to a foreigner.

(5) KEZilQ Please wait in front of the gate.

(1) This is a present for you. %a[ 1

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(2) The boy presented the flowers to his mother. 1

.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

L (3) Were you present at the meeting? o"oW[ 1

~ ( 4 This
) i s an interesting book. %a[ 1

(5) Let's book a table at the restaurant. 1

rL (6) Tom bought a

(7) Pass me the salt, please.

on the railroad. o"o3[

ESI[
1

I
r
(8) Let's have a rest for a while.

(9) The waves never rest.

o"oR[

%a[
1

[Picasso Spain in born was].

( 2 ) 77>7,DiEtj\'1066@lZ4+'J 7,+iiEflEL&Ltco B% (
[French king 1066 in England conquered a].

( 3 ) 91-37,t5P[&EA@~ll#%D-AT'T0 &% (
[Shakespeare the greatest dramatists one of is].
 1 Reading Section
Information Technology: the Third Wave

In these thirty or forty years, computers have become

very familiar in our daily life, and it can't be maintained
without them. Computers convey a lot of information effi-
ciently, which is called IT or Information Technology.
5 Historically, IT is sometimes compared to the Third
Wave of the human revolution. The first wave was the
agricultural revolution which took place a few thousand agricultural t%D

years ago. Because of agricultural technology, we human human being A%

beings could get more food than before, and the popula-
lo tion grew little by little. little by little

The second wave was the Industrial Revolution of the

eighteenth century. It took place in Britain. The invention
of the steam engine was the most striking and influential steam engine ZEiB
Fa
event during the second wave period.
15 Our time, the twenty-first century, is experiencing the
third wave of IT, which is as significant as the former two former !AE [h\h\371
a,
waves.
O;Aa$igaE%%TDE#REh\5SO, Z?+??%SSAh&L & 5
( I ) maintain [ ] (2) convey [ ] (3) efficiently [ 1
(4) revolution [ ] (5) agriculture [ ] (6) population [ 1
(7) industrial [ ] (8) invention [ ] (9) influential [ 1
(10) experience [ ] (1 1) significant [ 1

a. sound b. carry c. keep d. effectively

e. renovation f. important g. of influence
h. look and hear oneself i. manufacturing
j. make something new k. number of people I. growing grain etc.

F %$LT'm&&L & 5 0
@;Aa*naEfj\.$*ke%LTLlh['dT. 6%LTLlG[fh[;t;'
(1) W e are n o w experiencing the third wave of Information Technology. [TlFl

(2) The agricultural revolution took place a few thousand years ago. [TIFI

(3) IT is not so important as the first t w o revolutions. [TIFl

@ T ~ % Othem,
l (k'ZOl8) %%LTL)Qh\ ;AOl%h\5BhT&&L & -5.
Britain hyY%L?%.R
them [ 1 Britain [ 1

U.K. U.S.A. Japan China computers IT wave

Word Order
take . oneself r J
walk . awalk r J
fall - - a chance r
lay - a ball r
lie a shirt r
miss - a story r
tell - $gb;q r
throw . .$~;g r
wear . . $gJw r

) Prime Minister Koizumi graduated Keio Gijuku University.

( ) Prime Minister Koizumi graduated from Keio Gijuku University.

) Kimutaku married Kudo Shizuka.

) Kimutaku married with Kudo Shizuka.

<Eom>

) D o you believe Santa Claus?

) D o you believe in Santa Claus?

- L*3
(I) & Y C - D & W % ~ ~ T < ; ~ % ~ ~ \ O
[pepper there pass would me you the over]?
(2) 91F4 [&*%7-7)bDJI[FS$%Lt:,
[Judy table book the the put on].

( 3 ) Ej'KShfj'';ht~Lt~5%T'-r
x'-79 b'~L~;tzT%~~T<;tz%Lt~~
[Father Disneyland us took to].

(4) $149.-Shby34>D~D@%i3ifT < ; ~ Z ~ L ~ L ,

[waiter wine bottle us of opened the the for].

(5) 7 4 9 [ & 3 > 7 X I-T 1 %$%%B,tL0

[Mike contest first prize won a in].

B : ~ Q [ F [ & ~ m i 3 2 2 3 2 LJ~ 3 go
~ rsb\Lmb\g+xw
~ z 2~15347~-~~1m
t q ~ L~Z ,T [ & E ; ~ . Z D @ T ~~L TZSIZB~M
J r [ x J , r%J T S Z ; ~ Z Q % + 2
PS;z2[FL3L& 5 ,
SigT(& ZD34lDBWlL2B LJ DSL1fsfj''bijLJ 3 3, B@Z23%YDZ Z@<BE%&'give
someone something' rlF++-%++J DlllRT~,ZDZIlRB r%lDZJ 2Wb3To r%%-[Z%J
DU$?1&'give something t o someone' 2EESl (give DiE$?(& to Tgfj\', k'DESBElbYBfi
Bb\(&BiRllF&~TWtd'LJ 3 3 ) tj"R413T, ZDiglWB r%2DZJ 2E5Z21LL%go#I%&
7&3L&5,

France gave

T77>X[&P%9
$E~DQ@%W~+L~LJ

France gave the Statue of Liberty America. (z.2DzJ)

(1) Please give him a chance. (% 2 D Z l J

(2) Will you do a favor for me?

(3) The Romans left cultural heritage to us. (3%I DZzIr)

I am a student. I = a student
f%E
Om a% T+A(&YY
t;'~

The American people elected Mr. Bush President. Mr. Bush = President
fig a R ~ Z @kg rY%~~i3iY M~ O~ E ~ A % F I I : B ~ , ~ : J

(1) FY%Wlf~ L ~ ~ ~ L L G L ' I T ~

[the door open leave don't].

(2) 70>1~1&YOlE,%4>I-'Ol-%f;'&B3f;.
[Columbus the island India part thought of].

Z tlL%49L\t~,
(3) B%%kYt'thf$P9P&Q
[police that strange found the].

(4) 4 q 9 ~ % ~ [ & 1 b 7 ~ % ~ @ ~ ~ 2 h f ~ o
[British parliament Mr. Blair as Prime Minister elected the].
 I!Reading Section
Presidents and Prime Ministers

Under the modern democratic system, some nations

adopt the parliament-cabinet politics and others ( ) the parliament-cabinet
politics I R P W M
presidential system. While the presidents are the chiefs of , chief nE
the nation and are directly elected by the people, the
5 prime ministers under the parliament-cabinet systems are
elected from the members of the parliaments.
Those countries which adopt the parliament-cabinet
system are: the U.K., Italy, Germany, Spain, India,
Singapore, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, Canada. On
lo the other hand, the presidency system is adopted by the
U.S.A., Russia, France, South Korea, Egypt, South Africa, South Korea BB

Indonesia, Mexico and Brazil.

In general, it can be said that the presidency system has
been adopted in those nations which had experienced civil
15 revolutions. This is the case with the U.S.A. and France. revolution 4EBh

Other nations such as South Korea, Indonesia and Brazil,

adopted the presidency system at the time of independ-
ence.
 5g0,%?,g@%$,kfi%
o;??D%igDgQ%@-FD?I%.$R@h\ L& 3
(1) democratic [ I (2) parliament [ I (3) cabinet [ I
(4) politics [ ] (5) civil [ 1

a. congress b. government of the people c. assembly of ministers

d. of ordinary people e. system of government

e;2DQDLEhv*Qt:eBLTL)h[$ T, eBLTL)@l3h[$F @ATHd;r2kL& 3 ,

(1) People directly vote for the president in the U.S.A. [TIFl

(2) People directly vote for the Prime Minister in the U.K. [TIFl
(3) It seems that France experienced a civil revolution. [TIFI

elect adopt are occur

Punctuation

arming Up
' t3Th
6:%,6UI@%t+5%
(E*ZtZZ) B , %3T%h,Tdjr3L&j0

@,6 . comma . -
s*
EX,^ slash ?
BElfl . dash
b@?3 . semicolon
5 1Hfl . apostrophe . .
J\47> hyphen . -
3 ' ~92 . colon . /
7,?$~91 . quotation mark - .
7'%7,b07-i. question mark . . .
70> exclamation mark . . I

iZZ70Y . period (full stop) . . 1, 1

(1) speech is silver silence is golden

(2) which d o you like coffee or tea

(3) did john go to london last summer

(4) the prime minister didnt sign the paper

(5) the united states of america declared its independence in 1 776

Mister (

Doctor (

Governor (

U.S.A. = [ t h e
U.N. = [the
U.K. = [the
J.I.S. = [
J.A.S. = [
V.I.P. = [
C.P.U. = [

District of Columbia (Washington) = [

Master of Business Administration = [
(1 0) Uniform Resource Locator = [ Ir
(1 1) United Arab Emirates = I Ir

(I) 'J >?I->[&% 1 ~ R D M W A R % T L ~ L ~

[Lincoln president U.S.A. the was sixteenth the of]

(2) 7%9 ? I D S % [ & 7 9 >k > T 3 h 1 \ ? 1 2 k 6 = 2 - 3 - 9 T T h \ ?

[capital of is the the Washington, D.C. New York U.S.A. or]?

(3) LD$L&@~100;741I/T~BZk1&TSZ3h\?
[car can this run 100 m.p.h. at]?

(4) rE1 k L l 5 D k TNf k L l 5 D k , ZSrjDESZf %Z'?%ZET?h\?

[title which prefer you Mr. Dr. do or]?

( 1 ) w a y I have your name, please?yMy name is Smith, Michael Smith." [%i 1

(2) This is part of my job = you know, I am a police officer. 8]%[ 1

( 3 ) There are four seasons in a year; spring, summer, fall and winter. Ed%[ 1
(f%>
(4) This i s not finished~itshould be done at once.

(5) What a beautiful day it is! HZ[ 1

(6) What i s this1 HZ[ 1

 I Reading Section
I

Global Warming

In the twenty-first century, global warming is one of the

most serious environmental problems. What is 'global environmental EE'D

warming'? Let's examine the construction of these two

words and find the meaning of this phrase.
5 First, 'global' is an adjective form of the noun 'globe' -

the earth. Next, 'warming' means 'to become warm,' or

more precisely, 'to become warmer and warmer.' That is to
say, the earth is becoming warmer.
Why is the earth becoming warmer? Because the
10 amount of carbon dioxide (C02) in the air is increasing. carbon dioxide -ti3
ItE%
Then, why is the amount of carbon dioxide increasing?
Because now too much fossil fuel is [bum].
What is fossil fuel? It is mainly oil and coal. When we
bum something, oxygen ( 0 2 ) is necessary in the process of oxygen I%

15 burning. After burning, carbon dioxide is formed. Carbon

dioxide is considered to trap heat being radiated from the trap 3 x 6

surface of the earth into the air, especially during the

night. So, when more carbon dioxide is in the air, the more
heat is stored in the air, raising the temperature globally.
20 This is called the 'greenhouse effect.' greenhouse effect E
F2hZ
0;2D9ZDE@BTDE$REh\5BU,iz%%gi%,k;hS?
L & 50
(1) examine [ ] (2) construction [ ] (3) adjective

(4) amount [ I (5) fossil [ I ( 6 )fuel

(7) radiate [ ] (8) especially [ I

a. investigate b. something to be burnt c. describing the quality of nouns

d. quantity e. trace of living things f. forming g. specifically h. release

@;2DQDBEtj\';4.*k%BLTL);h['dT , %BLTL)%lf;hl'd
F BStlTH&S?L&
50
(1) The earth is getting warmer and warmer. [TIFl

(2) The amount of carbon dioxide in the air is getting more and more. [T/Fl

(3) Carbon dioxide is not the direct cause of global warming. ITIF1

(4) Burning things like fossil fuel doesn't cause global warming. [TIFI

L 5. XD+h\,\BiI)"%L L 5 0
9133 Global Warming I&,E$ZTI&2?3SRLTL~QT'L
English Sounds

arming Up

(1) Kurni: Hi, Bob.( ) How are you? ( )

a. 0 . 0
(2) Bob: Oh, hi, Kumi.( ) I'm fine, thank you.( ) How are you? ( )
a a. .a a .a

(3) Kumi: I'm fine, too, thank you.(

a . a .@...l
) Are you going to the class? ( )

(4) Bob: Yes,( ) and you ? ( )

a a

(5) Kumi: Me, too.( ) Have a nice day! ( )

a 0 . . l

(6) Z ~ M I % % T ~ & ~
[between this me and you is]. ( )

(7) ZhM&Gf;UllPX~-kT3h\?
[this your passport is]? ( )

(8) 9 , fl@T3h\?
[now what time i s it]? ( )

(9) M f ~ h ~ h \ T f ; ~ T ' # h ('#i$Zt!h)

y~~....
[pardon I beg your]? ( )
 [nice day a have]! ( )

( 1 1) lL\ELGLl-To
[mind never]! ( )

1. education 2. democracy 3. democratic 4. democrat

a*. *a** a *a* a * a
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

5. photograph 6. photography 7. photographic 8. pioneer

a* l *a** a*.. a* a
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

9. California 10. magician 11. musician 12. convenience

a*. *a *a * a
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

13. experience 14. original 15. originality 16. terminal

a* *a* ma* a** a * *
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

17. stadium 18. activity 19. biology 20. authority

a** *a** *a* l **
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

(21 { (

(
1 bed

1 bad
1 set 1 poor
(51 { (

( ) sat
(61 { (

( 1 pour
 ) ear ( ) east
(

( year
(8) { ( ) yeast
(9) { (

(
hat
) hate

( ) bone

( ) cute ( ) born

(13){(
(
) rule
) roll
(14) { (

(
) but

) bat
(15) { (
(
) Out
) ought

(16) { (
(
) Sand
) sound
(171 { (

(
) tie

toy

(
) mass

) math
(2) { (
(
law
raw
(3) { (

(
) tree

)three
) kin ) right
(

( king
(5) { (

( ) light
(6) { (
(
) lee
she

4
( ) read
(7) { (

(
deep

) jeep
(8) { ( ) lead ( l) h
faira i r

(1 0) { (
(
base
) vase
(

(
) sigh

) thigh 2, { ( ) fight
Iight

) thin
(15) {
(
( ) 'Our
( ) bulb ( ) thing ( ) shower

( ) sin ( ) use (8%) ( ) juice

( sing ( ) youth
(18) { ( ) deuce

(21){( )
( ) clown ( try ( ) short

(23) { ( stripe
(24) { ( ) sick

( ) strike ( ) thick
 11 Reading Section
Baroque Art

In the history of art, the term 'Baroque' covers such Rembrandt van Rijn
b Y f 7 Y k . 77
fields as paintings, architecture, sculpture, literature, and Y . bTY, %7>9
D1%, RXR r 7 7
music. The golden age differs from one field to another;
YX. )YIY3. IlY
for paintings, it would be the first half of the seventeenth 9PXsDmEm (&
I )&?
5 century, while for music it would be one hundred years
later - the first half of the eighteenth century. The golden
Jan Vermeer P> .
age of Baroque paintings is represented by Rembrandt van 71)b%-)b> %?>

Rijn (1606-1669), Jan Vermeer (1632-1675), and Diego 90a~3,Rxn rs

rMD4%LJD+kJ
VelAzquez (1599-1660). All of these painters completed
10 their masterpieces in the seventeenth century.
Diego Velazquez T'
The most famous composers of the Baroque age would 4 1 3 . T7X?X%
X,Y-f>Drn@o +ts
be John Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) and George Frederick Rr7z. %X I-?

(ftBtc5)J
Handel (1685-1759). The time of these two great com-
posers was in the first half of the eighteenth century.
John Sebastian Bach
1s The characteristics of Baroque art compared with the
3)\>.t ) \ ' X T 4 7
other periods are: dynamism, realism and solemnity. Take Y . )YY ) l o rsim
KJ &@i'bhQ,
Rembrandt's 'Night Watch' for an example. In this paint-
ing, altogether twenty people are depicted. Each person is
George Frederick
dynamic, about to start for the patrol. All the people are Handel y>T')Llo
F-f'YYi%h$<*?I
20 real, and painted seriously.
X[Z%4*LtcR@%o
 O;?D%igDS@hTDS$R@b\5Sb, iZeh f f A h %L L 5
(1) architecture [ 1 (2) sculpture [ ] (3) literature [ I
(4) represent [ ] (5) composer [ ] (6) characteristic [ ]

(7) dynamism [ ] (8) realism [ ] (9) solemnity [ I

I a. stand for b. seriousness c. novels, poems, etc.

I d. technique of building e. being real f. being dynamic
I1
g. a person who makes music h. peculiarity i. carved object

O;?D*DBEtjr4-*t8BLTL~h(2 T , BBLTL\%lfhl2 F hA-cT.Ba;r%LL 5.

(1) There was no 'Baroque period' in the history of painting. [T/Fl
(2) The golden age of Baroque music was in the seventeenth century. IT / F I
(3) J.S. Bach and G.F. Handel were born in the same year. [T/Fl
(4) Baroque art is more dynamic than that in other times. [T/Fl
(5) Rernbrandt's 'Night Watch' lacks one of the three characteristics of Baroque art. [ T/ F ]
Nouns

arming Up

El$;?5t8aa 3$gA@{f88
a 8 is-hYJ I YOU he she we they
TFiWt8 r-DJ
RWt8 r-6J
 [England Kingdom the United of part is].

(2) ;S7Y9DEif1&l~-9PTo
[Netherlands Hague the the the of capital is].

(3) ; c 4 4 Y l & 7 5 Y ; c a > A T T 0

[France Spain is to next].

(4) 7 4 ') EY(&%<a>!%'b'5+8k%'6fiTL)ZTo

[Philippines islands the of many consist].

( 5 ) 9Yfbj-)b%@bY?b-97k-f> ~*97+'877L~B~
[Singapore Malaysia Indonesia Strait the from separates].

3$iglZ8L)Tl&,~ % k @ B D ! X 8 ! l & ~ % 3 Tr*byl*J

~0 td'% 'a tree / one tree' T r3*1 fd.
5 'three trees' k@-;, 7 , %t?lDR3YD&DfjB-;,TL)&?to'6 % l Z z % ~ a > [ &O~C T*J T.
+ r@*A k G 6 k3$EE[& 'lumber' kL)5E!lDig[ZGII Tkt*J kL)5@3kP[&s +MZT@
BR~~;T.~Z~~~T"\:~L~DTT~
WDZD?Fd+B&T, %aD*%fl3k@BR3i;3L)T@EBLT8\:ZL & 5o
 9% @% %% @%
bus hand

baby foot

child leaf

dog thief

ox mouse

sheep goose

pencil man

potato woman

notebook Japanese

(1) There was a pencil o n the desk.

[two1

(if@ Z )

( 2 ) Bunin played one concerto o n one night.

[two1

(3) H e wrote one story last year.

[seven]

(if# Z )
(4) Marco Polo traveled to one country some 700 years ago.
[many]

(1) I saw Tom in the bus.

(2) You and I are good friends.

( 3 ) 1 take my dogs for a walk twice a day.

 1 Reading Section
Nations

At this time of the beginning of the twenty-first century,

191 nations participate in the United Nations. The year United Nations HE
Be
2005 is the 60th anniversary of the U.N. What was the
world like 60 years ago?
5 In 1945, the second World War finally ended when
Japan gave up continuing the war. At that time, most of
the Asian a n d African continent was the colony of continent A@
colony @Ei&
European empires. Some of the occupied regions, such as
Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, recovered their inde-
10 pendence after Japan's defeat.
In Africa, it was in 1960 that many countries became
independent from the former colonial empires. Today colonial @Ei&Ul

more than 50 countries are the members of the U.N., and

there are no colonies at all. But there are still civil wars
15 because of so many peoples and so many languages in
that continent.
@;2DFiEDG%%TDB#R%h\5BU,
Z!?i?%Z2A%I3
L & -50
(1) participate [ 1 (2) anniversary [ ] (3) empire I 1
(4) occupy [ ] (5) recover [ ] (6) independent [ ]

(7) civil war [ ]

a. take part in b. obtain again c. a war within a country

d. date to be memorized e. not dependent f. rule against people's will
g. a country including many peoples

0;AD*D@EhT6P22BLTiT1%11$T. SZ3LTL%if %I[$ F %ATlB&&L&j0

(1) Almost all of the independent countries are the members of the U.N. [T/Fl

(2) The United Nations i s more than 60 years old. [TIFl

(3) Japan won the second World War. [T/Fl
(4) Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines were independent before 1945. [TIFI

(5) Many African countries became independent after 1945. [T/Fl

Numerals

arming Up

8STD%?%iZ(&, 3 f i ~ 3 T ~ ~ ' 3 & T L ) 8 C&T(&0?& LJA$L)E1ZGQ C? tr.

+ B D ~ G ~ L J D # % ~ D ~ L& ) ~T~3%
&<LJ ~=~~\ ~
L+J r m ~ ~ i t fr $ t~a
i m~ b
L ~ 5 % ! ? ? ( d . ~ E E l ~ E T + E &F?J
~ E Tt~4 <225+ZT'SL)ZL & T h y Y 3$ZT1& 'ten
thousand' - r?D+1SJ T T o Z&MZ55byE&TL)T?55b7%3TLlQ t L l 5 d W
DRBTLd.$<. L)b(&' T24kDEJ (ZiFJbQSWT'To
r24kDEJ LEhlX, E&ig1ZM4$ZDgi4IZ%d3< r%BaJ t L l 5 tDby)\'bSLJ %TO
ZflDr&B4t6@lDBiW%%T'%h,TB&L & 5,
&& . . fi Ab' .s
. %LJ +z . fW
2%- .# BR .&
I\"> . .m & .m
@$Th . . IZ ?==x3-b . . IZ
n . E~J B - R

3$EEtBD%!?hE(ZiFJLTI&+BZT'TbyT 1 l b ~ 5 2 0 8 T ' l ~ 2 0 B Z D & ~ ~ b y B 5Y&(&

&&T
Ii b \ ~ o & ~ ~ t \ ~ ~ O ~ T ' T ' ~ O L " ~ ~ ~~ ~ZLI L~L~DT~ Z~ D ~ B
~ T
Q I ~D\ ~~
I b\59&TDtiZe, 'twenty, thirty' G?+DlGDSt 1 DfGDZ%l\d7 > T 3 G f ' 8 T 0 ;AD
%?%\ % L J T I L ' I T B & L & ~ ~
 [

[
ten thousand

[
[
[
[
one billion

9,087,654 = 9 875 87 3 6 8 h+@J

nine million eighty-seven thousand six hundred fifty-four

~ ~ B @ I ~ T ' I O O O ~ A ~ ~ ,) B%'Ja)@L)BbA%Ld2%'d3Btn~
BT~;~L~T~;~. TS&ZTo @J?L
(31959@% 5 'nineteen fifty-nine' 2 % 'J 33, t;t;'L2000@h\52009@3T'I;t., EBa)445
a)B42E;lL'S&4.fsIZ% 330za)@Ka)S&4.fs%%'JT'=L)T&g L .& 50

( 1) Nozomi runs at 300 kilometers per hour.

[ I

(2) Buddhism was brought into Japan about 1,500 years ago.
I
(3) The portrait of Fukuzawa Yukichi i s printed on the 10,000 yen bill.
[

(4) The population of Sakai City is about 830,000.

[

(5) Car sales in japan were about 6~000,000in 2001.

[ I [

(1) a pieceof ( ) (2) a loaf of (

(3) a pair of ( ) (4) a sheet of (

(5) a glass of ( ) ( 6 ) a bit of (

[paper trousers water bread furniture information]

(1) -f#O-I&I\"YB;5hTJ\"Y% IFiSL)ZLt;,

[Ichiro bread bakeryshop at loaf a the of bought].

(2) 7-k-%-R, BR3L)LSq0

[I coffee cup have will a of please].

(3) l&a)X7KY~J&@bf2&ifj6 0

[pair trousers legs a two has of].

(4) 3"%BBLdIO<-Y&9 & T o
[examination of sheets paper ten of consists the]

(ES) (92. 8 % )
t-F.8YFZ %- b)b% t-F,dfYFZ %- b)bZ
1 inch . 30.48 cm 1 ounce . 3.785 i?
1 foot . 1,609 m 1 pound . - 28.35 g
1 yard . 2.54 cm 1 gallon - - 453.6 g
1 mile . 91.44 cm

( 1) One foot is 12 inches.

I

( 2 ) One pound is 16ounces.

[ I

Vt- F . df> F % D z L l f j % @ ~ f;??.0fra%6%*2Ll

~, 7&&L & 50

(1) This puppy weighs ten pounds.

( 2 ) 1 am five feet six inches tall.

 - yen . sen . pound . pounds - dollar dollars . euro - euros . cent
cents . euro-cent . euro-cents . penny - pence . Y - $ .€ .f

(1) I$> F1&1971@%T240<>X(ZftI-t5~TL~%Lt:0

[pound pence one 1971 240 into until was divided].

% LJ hB&T;Sb\&->
( 2 ) 1000 F-'lL/+LI&7 t;lZ@;h;h%l?h,o
[bills 1000-dollar the United States even seldom used are in].
 I! Reading Section
I

The Story of Numbers

Ten is ten times one, one hundred is ten times ten, one
thousand is ten times one hundred, and so and on. Thus,
the most fundamental number is ten. Why? Because we
have ten fingers on both hands.
5 Then, is the decimal system - counting by ten times - decimal system +'&%

the only one method of calculation in our world? No. For

example, there are twelve months in one year. That means,
calculation ZtS
I
the moon becomes full twelve times while the seasons
make a turn. The older count of twelve is left in the unit
10 dozen; twelve of something make one dozen, and twelve
dozen make one gross. Today, pencils are still sold by the gross 124-X

dozen.
Another meaningful counting is the binary system. As is
well known, computers calculate with the binary method.
15 When the electricity is on, the computers recognize it as
one, and when it is off, it is zero. As a matter of fact, com-
puters use only zero and one. All the ordinary numbers are
recalculated into binary numbers.
O;AD*i2D%@%TDB#RRh\5SU, iZ%%P$Att$ L a j0
(1) fundamental [ ] (2) binary [ I (3) calculate [ I
(4) method [ ] (5) electricity [ ] (6) recognize [ 1
(7) ordinary [ ]

a. way b. basic C. normal d. either zero or one I

e. electric current f. count g. come to know I

O;ADStD&Efj\'r4.Stk%BLTL);tzI'd
T . %BLTL)@lfttIbF BATBE&%L A 5,
(1) The decimal system is the only counting method in the world. ITIF1
(2) The unit dozen i s a trace of a system other than the decimal method. LTIFI

(3) The moon becomes full mostly twelve times every year. [TIFI
(4) Computers calculate with the decimal system. [T/Fl

(5) Computers work with electricity. [T/Fl

9 7 ; B S D ordinary I & f l B Z D % 8 % E L T L ~ 6 k % h B D f j \ ' B t Q %&T5h',

L ;AD$h\5Z
h T & $ L & 50
[ZBZ 5 B Z +B% +=Bzl
Mood

arming Up
I

( 1) Space travel w i l l be more reasonable in ten years.

(2) Bach is the greatest composer in history.

(3) Michelangelo painted "The Last Judgment" in the Vatican.

(4) World War II broke out in 1939.

(-F@%BR5@R*lL)

(5) The Nile Civilization developed in ancient Egvpt.

(-F%%% W 5@BJ*IL)

(6) Shinran founded a new section of Buddh- some 800 years ago.

( 7 ) The Cold War ended because the former Soviet Union collapsed.

(8) They had a summer vacation for two months.

3 0

(1) ;2a%%%%b%'dLj0
[paragraph the following read].

(2) W&~8P1Ll&S$SLG'dL~O
[bed midnight before to go].

(3) fT ~ . ~ B % - ~ ~ ~ ~ Z~ e@
h O~ (rE@[&ff.i%L%'dL)J
T ~ & ~ ~ I Y &L\5S?)
[don't eggs basket all one your in put].

(4) %[ZBEI3%4RtCZR, 'dtG<lb%(ZE%Shf~ZR0(7%'Jf73Qh%9@aJPb'J\5,9.

\> 9 -D$,E)
[give give me me liberty death or].

r m B W "must, should" G E T [--3<\'f t2, -LGlY;hlb% 5%1)J LL\5%L\Z%-Q;h[b>

o p a Q L l Z l 8 ~ 1 ; ~ 8 % 8 3 Z & f l83-00
AA
Pf
za*%@%*~z~\'fBhTaZL k 50

(1) You must be kind to older people.

(2) You must not waste your time and money.

 What +R38W+&W (+lZ+BSJ)! (+%%+a%) !
How +~I1i~%t;[;t;fi~~W

Vfi2BW[;t;t'S5D91Z+@h3VbT\ E!ISl1& How Dfjt;'WP3&o What ~L%<&~bTkP2!zD~%

2,F S Z 3 a b\ an fj\'3f8 q o t7J*%BT&8L~-50
What a lovely day it is! J UE@W)
r 9 8~ & t d ' ~ , ~ ~ ) ~ ) % % @ hf235
HOW slowly YOU walk! h t< ' ~ % < ~ t ; ' 3 - 5 ~
r ~ [ ; t ; ~@->

(1) 09Yl;t;td'h-~AStd'@GhTL
dr j0 [what country large a Russia is]!

& 5.
(2) %%?D$%%%(&fd:hT?L@@hTL [how war are victims the miserable]!

! [what it world wonderful is a]!

(3) @htXG%LL)@W

~>%agBo)*+,
@@*[:83@Z7&3L & 50

(1) lchiro i s an outstanding hitter.

(2) The three pyramids in Giza are very huge buildings.

(3) Deflation i s a very serious problem.

 ( Reading Section

Inflation and Deflation

In the capitalism system, the prices of goods and servic- prices %la6
goods oOo%
es vary like a wave. When the prices go on rising, it is the
state of inflation. When the prices slump continually, it state X%

may be deflation. Both inflation and deflation invoke seri-

5 ous damage.
When the prices go on rising, the value of the same value ~ I B

amount of money is getting lost. Yesterday you could buy

a hamburger with 100 yen, but it costs 150 yen today. This
is inflation. The value of the same amount of money is not
lo maintained during inflation. maintain %%it5

On the other hand, when the prices keep going down

for a few years, it always entails a recession. Many work-
ers are suffered from the reduction of salary or being fired
from the work. If the fired workers try to find new jobs, it
15 is difficult because many businesses hesitate to hire new
employees.
What should the central banks do in such crises? They
should raise the interest rate for inflation, and lower it for
deflation. Those are the most important duties of the cen-
20 tral banks.
0;2O*ZaW%%TaB#RRb\5Bb, ;ZS*tf A%L%L & j0
( 1 ) capitalism [ ] (2) slump [ ] (3) continually I I
(4) invoke [ ] (5)entail [ ] (6) recession [ 1
(7) reduction [ 1 (8) hesitate [ I ( 9 ) employee I 1
(10) crisis [ ] (11)interest 1 1 (12) duty [ 1

a. go down b. worker c. market economy d. danger

e. decrease f. is followed by g. bad i n business
h. job, work i. for a long time j. money attached t o bank deposit
k. is a reason of I. not decided to d o something

2bY&1:SBL7L\%L(b
T > SBL7L\GI+;tzlb F BATB#&$L&5.
(1) When business is i n good condition, it is probable t o be in deflation. [TIFI
(2) Inflation is more serious than deflation. [T/FI
(3) Central banks control the interest rate. ITIF1

(4) Money rates must be eased when many workers lose their job. [T/Fl

@3.D-Y%LYhDR%kk,4 > 7 b - 9 3 > . 7 7 b - 9 3 > z 5 5 [ Z % 7 ( & 3 Q T L & 5b\0

(1) BmbYB%rnl,kff-Q8, [inflation /deflation]

( 2 ) B~~~~I~~\'B%@I(ZT%VQ~ [inflation 1 deflation]

(3) %%gfjr%%rn(L+gVQo [inflation / deflation]

(4) X%%fj%%rn(,TETQo [inflation / deflation]

(5) fNfj"+gL%M-Q0 [inflation /deflation]

(6) f$UbYT!@L%kfQ, [inflation /deflation]
Tense and Aspect

arming Up
Ta>Do>,"~l~3%TBZ%~RRb\%ZhTB?ALTbLs
L L 5o

pc pF m
E&Z
rt:~t;, TL~C, L~LJ I re. TT. TBJ rt;'35> T L L ~ J
g EE
00

am, are, is, will be, was, were, did, will do, do, does,
walk, walked, spoke, speak, talk, talked, told, tell,
study, studied, ski, skied, translate, translated

( 1) It ( will be, was, i s ) cold yesterday.

(2) I ( will be, am, was ) twenty years old next December.
(3) The earth ( will go, goes, go, went ) around the sun.

(4) We ( will not be able to, cannot, could not ) go abroad without passports.

(5) ( Will, Do, Does, Did ) the Third World War take place some day?

(6) Shakespeare ( will die, die, dies, died ) in 1616.

(7) When ( will be, is, are, was, were ) Buddha born?

rS.i'jE2%7R5T, & 5 & f ~ ,be, have f l y 0

~i4fj"~5Ll5R3lZtd'BDh\%T%h,T&&L
&5~R~lZ~&R;5fi~Ob\Th\5~h,TiSL
h f&i jo
T&&

have / has been am / are / is doing

 3353 B& %%
B$H3 do, does

B?SH3
ST'fl3 -

Tld%'d%??fl3D3N%L3L & j0 S?Sfl3ld, rbe+$hZlD -ing H3d &L150ZT%;Sh3To

BGBfiH3Tld be D%%fj''"am, are, is" D5%DYhb\J\lZG LJ , 33&%?7H3ld"was, were" Ul
r?%5b\T30flJ%&T&3L&5j,

I am drinking a glass of beer. F-)I/%@hTLlQ&23d

I was having my breakfast at seven. 3 TLl3 Lkd
r7@lZldBaf$%&

B+nDfl!ldEG%i?fl3T"I
am" &G3 TLl%7Jo2SHUlfl!*ld "I was" T , 33&%fifl4T&Q
2&%zLTL1330
%%D*% #g%[Z@3T%s$@z7&%L & 5 0 ~ ~ @ ~ f L * D % @ 6 ~ L l T5&0% L &
( 1) Kayo eats bananas every day. (every day % now J\lZLTR&%??fl3lL)

( 2 ) Ted takes a walk for 30 minutes every day.

(for 30 minutes every day % now [ZLTE&S?SH3lZ)

( 3 ) Darwin traveled round the world. (B&%??fl3lZ)

(4) YO-YOMa plays the cello. (now %MKTB&B?Yfl?lZ)

I have finished my homework. r$hL&QB%@ZTL%Lj?kLf.J
We have lived in Seoul for ten years. rfifc5[&Y9)blZ@hT lO@T3J
Sue has never been to Portugal. r~-l&$)b b f i ) b [ ~ ? ~ ~ f ~ z & h ~ & ~ 3 e h ~

(1) ;$H%W!l&@blJ 3 L f ~
[System War Cold the finished has].

(2) E l A P 7 ' J h ( Z f i 3 f c Z & & B ?

[Africa ever been you have to]?

( 3 ) 9 > % % - ) b ~ & ~ h ' ~ 4 0 @ b ~ k h T %%%L f c 0

[Singapore independence since forty years more than it has been the of].

) I finished it two days ago.

) I have finished it two days ago.

When did World War II end?

(2) { (( )
) When has World War II ended?
 1 Reading Section
Law and Society

Law is a minimum moral of the society. Some thousand moral 33%

years ago, law was simple. For example, Moses told the Moses 5-i?

Ten Commandments to the people. In the oriental hemi- oriental SfFZD

sphere, the Han Dynasty (202 B.C. - 8 A.D.) made a law Han Dynasty 2

5 of only three provisions: not to kill other people, not to

hurt others, and not to steal. There would be no simpler
criminal law than this.
In the modern complex society, however, the law can't
be 'so simple. The population of the world has become
lo hundreds of times of that compared to two thousand years
ago; industry has developed tremendously and the econo-
my has become too complicated. If there would be no law
in the modern world, it would be a total mess.
Law is different from order in a sense. That is to say,
15 order or morals tell us not to kill others, but laws do not.
Modern criminal law states that if one kills someone else, %BY6
state 346%

the minimum punishment would be three years of impris-

onment.
 BZ%Bif Ah& L L j0
0;2a>@iEa>&%BTa>EREh\%gd,
(1) minimum [ ] (2) commandment [ 1 (3) hemisphere [ 1
(4) dynasty [ ] (5) provision [ ] (6) criminal 1 1
(7) population [ ] (8) industry [ I (9) tremendously [ I
(10) mess [ I (I I ) order [ ] (12) imprisonment [ ]

I a. chaos b. empire c. half of the world d. largely

(

.
e. least f. manufacturing g. number of people h. rule
i. good moral j. text of law k. punish in prison I. related to penal code

B2a>Pa>BBtj\'zp7PLi%2kLTT~fiI&'T.
gBLTL\@Iffil8F %ATBB&FkLL 5
(1) Many thousands of years ago, the law was simple. [T/Fl

(2) In those days, law was similar to morals or order. IT I F I

(3) If the modern world were not so complicated, no law would be necessary. [ T/ F I
(4) Modern criminal law doesn't tell us the punishment of killing someone. [T/FI

[ law / order I
[ law / order ]

[ law / order 1
[ law / order ]

[ law /order I

I law / order ]
 Adjectives and Adverbs

arming Up

11 [ high slowly low quickly broad narrow widely ever never also ]
 B*igD%G g*q
c
a
;f',e0-0 Y DE%% I3*:me%

r big

rich
--

thin

cheap
I
cool
I

good
I
heavy

(1) healthy [
(2) intelligent [
(3) tasty [
(4) fantastic [
( 5 ) smooth [
(6) comfortable [

I- student cloth habit seat stories food

J

(1) Heisan( ) person.

(2) It is a ( ) habit to keep early hours.

(3) Silk is ( ).
 E*:~Ds@ g;ga>pq;q YDEg;g @
s%
lJ;E
*
slowly

well

directly

early

sadly

safely

strongly

I loudly r
I soundly r
I seriously r
I correctly r
I warmly r
I sadly r
I bravely r

answer fight cry sleep injured speak

A
welcome

[Japanese worked earnestly have the people].

 ( 2 ) 6 5 $ L h $ f d ' $ T i 6 L T L ) t ~ t fIf %t!h,b\O
[will speak more you loudly a little]?

(3) h4i&&E3T(&7&LY5(LZ$%%
[people sadly cry funeral at ceremonies].

jygzq -
043 %?a
wise

happy
careful

hopeful

probable

comfortable

easy

different

(1) Alice slept a sleep last night.

[ ( 2 ) Alice slept ( ) last night.

(3) 1 took a & look at him.

C(4) 1 looked at h i m ( 1.
 (5) Takashi takes a & care of his dog.
[ ( 6 ) Takashi takes care of his dog ( ).

(7) It is probable that lchiro will be the leading hitter this season.
) lchiro will be the leading hitter this season.

(1) ( ), you are not right.

(2) ( ) the rumor is true.

......................................................................,.,......................................................................,............................................................................. ....................................

(3) ( ), colors in a spectrum are borderless.

(4) ( ), we experienced two world wars during the 20th century.

Regrettably Probably Frankly speaking Strictly speaking

 11 Reading Section
World Heritage

United Nations Education, Science and Culture

Organization, or UNESCO, controls the nomination of the UNESCO H@%W%
324t l l
World Heritages. The Heritages are classified into three nomination %Z
classify f-fBTStQ
categories: cultural, natural and complex. The nomination
category BE3
5 system started in 1972.
Below are some of the Heritages in the world:
Asia the Great Wall (China) the Great Wall 759

Ajanta Buddhism Ruin (India)

Angkor (Cambodia)
Borobdor Temples (Indonesia)
Himeji Castle (Japan)
Yaku Island (Japan)
Middle East and Africa
the Great Pyramids in Giza (Egypt)
Istanbul Old City (Turkey)
Persepolis (Iran)
Damascus Old City (Syria)
Europe Acropolis (Greece)
Mont-Saint-Michel Cathedral (France)
20 Vatican City (Vatican)

Danube Delta (Romania)

Americas Rocky Mountains (Canada)
Palenque Old City (Mexico)
Machupichu (Peru)
25 Iguacu Falls (Brazil and Argentina)
a Egypt [
a Iran [
@ China [
@ India [
O Japan [
Canada [
a Mexico [
@ Peru [
Comparative and Superlative

The circle A is as large as the circle B. rMAI&Bt:HGh22TTJ

CDf!d*T[&, fl38WDWQ large % 2 3 D as T#hTL\5k5af131ZG-;,TL\%Yo 1 3 & D as

[& 3 ,x 1 r~B & W ~ ) JL L \ ~ ~ + T T ,
r H I ; C m J ~ L \ ~ F Z G2 T
(1) Y\:, h-L&E%TI&BO&flL'C5LlA5;t,ybj60
[soccer baseball popular japan in as as is].

(2) $ElL&hfc?&RC;<"5L~tf
LIO
[China Canada large as as is].

( 3 ) SEHf%kflL"C5LMti@;t,ybj6
[charity money valuable as as is].

LJoi4ii
(4) k031&E$Eg&flC<'5L\%%[ZZZ&iZLFkT0
[Hiroko English Japanese fluently as as speaks].

(5) + A ~ L S [ & ~ I ; ~ ~ ~ : ~ ~ ~ < 8

~ e) h$0& ; ~ ~ ~ I ~ G I J
[as as books many we read must possible].

rR#&@a)+TS:HLL& "A is not as -- as B." &Ll5EkGLJ, rAL&BI3Y--Tf&LlJ k L l 5 W

6klLGLJ89, 38LJ, rAhTBIZl&BlbGLIJ&L15Zkl;GLJ8To RUP3DhS27I;kqT&
8Lck-5,

The circle A is not as large as the circle B. rFIAI&FIBI3?hS<GLlJ

( 1 ) Okonomiyaki is not as expensive [ ] beef steak.

(2) The Shinano i s not as [ ] as the Nile.

(3) Silver is not as valuable as [ I.

(4) The [ ] is not as big as Saturn.

(5) The yen i s not as [ ] as before.

T strong earth long as gold

rABDE~~\'P~A~A$L)_I

s(i not large a s .1- rP3A(aF¶B ~ ~ Z A $ < G L ) _ I

(1) F--7ZT-*(adj'HA'WiS&YWQTT,
[okonomiyaki beef steak expensive more than is].

( 2 ) ~ 4 ) b J l l 1 a ~ % i l l!JELL
&
[Nile Shinano the the longer is than].

(3) e l a s d r ~ t m T % - h T w a 3 0
[gold silver valuable is more than].
(4) fElatlbsd;LJ hf L\.
[Saturn earth the bigger is than].

(5) P3Mtl%d;LJZ?<@3TL~3To
[yen weaker the before is than].

The circle C is the largest of the three. rP3cfj\'3 3a)5STE+h$L\J

The circle A is the smallest of the three. rPIAfj"3 3a)5STE+Jl\$L\J

(1) Russia is the largest nation [ ] the world.

(2) Platinum is the most precious metal [ 1 all.

.,..,.,,.....,.,.....,....................,..........,,.....,...................................................................................... ......,........... .................................................................. .............. ...........

,

(3) Jupiter is [ ] largest planet i n the solar system.

(4) Picasso is the [ ] famous painter of the twentieth century.

I,, the in from O/ 1

 1 Reading Section
Fewer Children

As a recent tendency, many men and women remain remain - --DZ%T

L'i6
unmarried and have no children. This is serious not only
in Japan, but also in other industrialized and developing developing country
*ZB
countries.
5 What are the causes of this tendency? First, many
women began to work full-time, so they can be economi- work full-time %%b
H&BQ
cally independent. Some decades ago, women had to quit economically inde-
pendent B',IWmI;@
their job when they got married. Second, the social recog-
hLt;
nition that both men and women have to get married in
lo their thirties at latest, has been weakened.
What will be the result of fewer children in the near
future? First, the labor population will be smaller. It means
that there will be a shortage of the labor force in some
countries. Second, maintaining the pension system may be
15 difficult, because fewer laborers must ( ) more
senior people.
0;2a)$iga)W@%Ta)B$R@b\r3BUt,
Bi?,S%SZ!hhZ L & 5,
(1) recent [ I (2) tendency [ I (3) industrialized [ I
(4) decade [ I (5) weaken [ I ( 6 ) shortage I
(7) pension [ 1

a. ten years b. money given to older people c. become weak

d. these days e. materially developed f. running short of
g. drift

@;2D*D@Efj\'$*?eWLTL)hId T , eWLTL)Blfh[d F FATBB&ZL&5,

(1) More men remain unmarried than women. [T/Fl

( 2 ) Women don't have to depend on men economically. [TIFI

(3) Parents and friends encourage those who are in their thirties to get married. [TIFI

(4) More youngsters will begin working in the near future. [TIFI
(5) The pension system will not be in danger. [T/FI

work keep support maintain

@CD*9DgB Fewer Children % E$ST'%%?TfB ? F j B 6 T L & j b \ , ;2a)3#Rmh\51h

T&ZL&?O
Prefixes and Suffixes

arming Up

(e+m + (-.- )
politic - a1 = nonpolitical
con-

de- [--a)%LZJ -ic, -ical .

ex- rWU-'J -tion .
in- TGlZJ -ize

pre- / pro- r--h\G%;tzTJ -al

re- r--2-%1ZJ -en

in- + il-/ I a)KT

im-/ b, p, m a)GT
ir- / r a)GT
'Lin- / Y D ~ Y D ~
 -=
00 $EZ R Y L tZE W6k
beauty fi2~81;
act $,"7
0. -
[L
I
member %IB$,WCZ
--

national SbiK
---
establish $,zq(-
r2 L

positive gq;q[z
culture y5g;q ;[
--

courage Sb3K
circle a:q[;
eager g~q1-
r3 L.

plenty fgggq[;
critic
I glEq[:

( 1) tele + phone = telephone

rgL)J + r w
(2) tele + vision = television
r a ) J + r%zJ
(3) tele + scope = telescope
rzw +rsw
(4) tele + graph = telegraph
rZzL)J + rB<J
( 5 ) photo + graph = photograph r
r*J + rs<J
( 6 ) photo + synthesis = photosynthesis r
r*1 + reaJ
( 7 ) bio + logos = biology r
TY@J + T9WJ
(8) psycho + logos = psychology r
T&J + TYRJ
V Z ~ P ~ ~ M [ ~ S R E ~ \ G B EP52#D?G6k%8L~7&8
E~%%L L& 50

(1) Greek Civilization i s [ ] than the Roman Empire.

(2) The English language imported many [ ] from Latin.

(3) Many French words were brought [ ] English.

(4) 'Television' [ ] the vision from far away.

(5) The Japanese language borrows many words [ ] Chinese.

( 6 ) The English language has a [ ] of about 1,500 years.

(7) 1 ] was the language of the Roman Empire.

history words means Latin from into older

 11 Reading Section
i

Robotics

What image do you have of 'robots'? Are they human-

like machines that think, behave, and speak as naturally as behave 6813
naturally BRI;
yourselves? Or are they dog-like companion animals
manipulated by computer software?
5 More practical ones will be those which work as
welders in manufacturing cars instead of human workers.
They are welder robots that work 24 hours, 365 days a
year. Once they learn what to do, they accomplish the task
perfectly. Czech Fr3Za
lo The origin of the word 'robot' is a Czech verb meaning
'to work.' It was a kind of science fiction. In the sense of
the origin of the word, robots are more similar to work as
welders in the car manufacturing factories, rather than
dog-like ones which play with us. In ( ) way, Japan
15 is the most advanced in the technology. The number of
manufacturing robots is the largest in Japan, and the ani-
mal- and human-like robots are sold by Japanese compa-
nies.
O;Aa)3iEa)Wst;%7;a)ER@b\5Sdd & 5,
i?+!3%iSh;tz%L
( 1 ) companion animal [ ] (2) manipulate [ I (3) practical [ ]

(4) weld [ I (5) accomplish [ I (6) task [ I

(7) perfectly [ 1

a. pet b. operate c. finish d. work, thing to do

e. completely f. combine metals with heat g. for a utility purpose

8;Aa)*a)BEhY$8BL7L\;tzl'b T, 8BL7L\@[-t;tzl'bF %A;lrH&%L&5.

(1) Robots are only those which are like human beings. [T/Fl

(2) Robots can be all shapes as of dogs and machines. [T/Fl

(3) Robots can work continuously without taking a rest. [T/Fl

(4) The origin of the word 'robot' is English. [T/Fl

(5) The Japanesetechnology with robots is the most advanced in the world. [T/Fl

both either neither each

R E * ~ ~ E S ~L&Z&?~EZEE
\!~IZ~
Knock on the Door to English World

%fi% #Tee% q! K l %
7 102-0072 RJX%BT.feEElIX&EEl#1-6-1
TEL 03 (3230) 4813 (I?,&)
FAX 03 (3230) 4857
http://www.shohakusha.com
e-mail: info@shohakusha.com

Richard L. Carpenter
ZkaY.tt'4 '/ /I\& b 2 1 7 (Non Design)
frfig R % t
EP81 . B* +RR&EPHJ#&2+k
ISBN4-88198-581-7
%% = 581
Copyright O 2006 by K. Kadooka
Contents
%l$.Z;h->T%Z?
1. #l!!.!SE 2. SRiZ 3. R R P A H O t S 4. B m S O S 8 5.WIWE
READING SECTION: Foreign Words

%2L@P"aa->ztdC::?
1. ,"a= 2. QZflIT)#BJ 3. Q 4.6iZlOjiiiH 5. f t O & A - S E . f b R . H ~ E - M E
READING SECTION: Information Technology: the Third Wave

%39Of,CI)EtC~CtllBiWh~
amakamm
1. 2. m m + a m ~ m m + ~ m z + ~ m 4.z m f i + ~ m ~ + # s
3.
READING SECTION: Presidents and Prime Ministers

%40@Th&d8
1. E l J i f R J97. HMR 2. E 1 J $ F O M % - % 3. + O a O @ n f i 4. f%B
READING SECTION: Global Warming

%5$@ZhtdB?
1. -f>b;f.-'/39tlJ;(L. 2 . 3 3 % 3. BSt3P
READING SECTION: Baroque Art

%6@.%a)C=C3%m
1. m O % E 2. kl3B%t#B% 3. Afit%%R
READING SECTION: Nations

%70+%iAT&5.hI%
1. h 6 G B 2.BJr.3 3.&@ 4.)ltMO&@
READING SECTION:The Story of Numbers

%8%.4- FltSLJ
dth'
I. #z*. sZA.@Pd]* 2.aMfr. 3. b A f r
READING SECTION: Inflation and Deflation

%90@%&lkb;h
l.BS.IB-jfi%
2.B 3.SfiB 4.53%
READING SECTION: Law and Society

%1OS*QSC$->3~J3ttdL&5
1. %8Zl 2. BIZ3 3. % S R & l m 4. *IF7
READING SECTION: World Heritage

%ii+e~t;*r~;hr%
l . R @ k B 2 . k B @ 3.4!k@
READING SECTION: Fewer Children
Ah ?<Y
%12+.ZSZi~%Ez=%h~&8
?
l.&EO&IJ&B 2. @a#
3. %A# 4. H%S
READING SECTION: Robotics
KNOCKON THE DOOR
TO ENGLISH WORLD

by Kenichi Kadooka

SHOHAKUSHA
 %1 Z hTgZ? -Is this English?-

WARMING UP

3%EkLTBRdZ3ta) ( 4 ) ( 6 )( 7
( I ) [ jTY : d a b l-%lbS I ( 2 )[ I j b 7 : 0 9 7 Z l
( 3 ) [I+,Jb+- : F4'YiE 1 ( 5 1 [ 7 ) b j Y 4 t- : F 4 ' Y i E I
( 8 ) [6($5: B$ZI (9)[+43-:@%SZl
(10)[7Yef-t- : 097ZI
-
~BSl
k f i m 3 z L T z t i j a L- . sRht'2a)Esc,ztij6LT)h\;hh\II[,<
< G 3 7 L 3Ll3dd.
IZ(dXFERa)BZPTiETtkfi&TO<1~hf%<G~TL\36h\5, ,Stj\'&\ZTL&
3 ?gJ
a)k3~ , ~ ~ ~ E % d t t ~ ' d B Z P TL~3ZL-(&%BadZ3&\Zn'G<G6T
~B~BL-
L a jny, rf-m-~~ ) ~ ~ G N ~ ~ Z E ~ ~ % % T T ~

1. mB!sz
(1 ) [ part-time worker 1 (2) [ stapler I (3) [ cheating I
(4) [secret I (5) [ air-conditioner I (6) [ enthusiast I

(1) The air-conditioner is working well.

(2)Will you pass me a stapler?
(3)Don't do any cheating on the examinations.
(4)This secret is between you and me.
(5)1 have been a stamp enthusiast for these twenty years.
(1 [ television I (2) [ digital camera I
(3) [ facsimile I (4) [ word processor I
(5) [ personal computer I (6) [ inflation I
(7) [ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome I (8) [ four wheels drive 1
(9) [ polyethylene terephthalate bottle I
( 10) [ video tape recorder (video cassette recorder) I

[@st1
BEm?itd'<@~ -(rllB@Sa@t. ?iiLd&l$&4GS%Bhf& 9 3 % %GEC ~ \ Y
I-$ bll/&l\3a)l&E3ll3@ZSh\J &FdLtd'8fsTdhf,Z&GEldlL%a>SB?HS
T d h \ 5 B Z Q & ~ % M G l l t a & B l ~2~;.
% d o~7739: 9 J MSS~ILM
fadmake, do) + simile (same) &%BLddfjz, C 7 374 &ll3ZllfsTldZOl
iS%e%$QLTllBZ&lLG'I % d o

3. szw+a>es
(1) 435 [ salmon roe I 2 7 - b [ questionnaire I
(3) 1>V3-- b [ industrial complex I (4) 7 7t 39'5 [ goose liver I
5)- bY 3 Iski pole I (6)93/t.> [soap]
(7) 9 ~ ~ 8 [ cap / hat I (8) dl$B [ the Pleiades I

4. em*a>aa
O [ wind shield I . Q [ rear-view mirror I O [ engine hood I
@ [ blinkers / turn signals 1 @ [ steering wheel I @ [ accelerator I
Q [ hand brake I @ [ horn I

5. SBa>n;
morning service . . W?~@F@LT~YHTS
training pants .
trump W9$L
veteran
front
Reading Section --
(38)
Er4.ZT@bfi7L)6#%SDg~7bySS&%TI&& 9 deb, @%DES(Z&%
36%%i~M%4.k%PIb\fi6DT,%3CJlE%%+iJ6Z&bT, @ & L T B L L ) % e +
&L) d30 YD&5G%eM, ~ ~ % 3 1 b \ ~ ~ - t f i I ' d t d ' 9 d i t h o
g OmE E ~ ~ ~ ~ ~9 dgo s ~f i 1 ~ ~~ IX+-
[r2 % z bt- J ~ & [a.ZZUI rg> c
*-93>J [L&L)&5Tgby, 0 9 P i S T g o r 4 3 7 J &L)5D+. %48%SoRi36
0 9 P ~ T LDiBl&Er4.ZUI
~ o TR5J a>&31:lZhdb&o
F4'YSE%D-&Wtd'ig+Z 9 % T oTPIbIP4 t- J byYD-fiIIT'~o F4'YZTM.
~~[&T<TAQ~T~&~&L)~Z& ~ ~ Sr 7~) bL) wG t-J
9 deb, ~- M~ ~
T%@. !f-SJ &L)5ffoRiTg0 SZ~T,&<filt~Q!Ja>albeit (--(:tb1b\bljb) &
L)5%Stj\.&9 %goL b ' L Z h l j 2 EgM#§[5kWRTTo TI4)bY-J &L)5D+
Br4.ZT&<@;hfi5 F4'YZST. ~ ~ S T + O L ' % 9 T ~ b \ f i %%
?TB0
l&gStF 4
'yg$jTzG $ T o

1 . (1) foreign [c. of other countries](2) distinguish [e. tell one from another]
 (3)consult [f. look up] (4) roe [b. fish egg]
(5) notice [d. pay attention] (6) pronunciation [a, sound]

3 . [ Arbeit (German), albeit (English) 1