Instrumentation

Instrumentation
PREPARED BY: DR. MELANIE VILORIA-BRIONES

PROFESSOR, GRADUATE SCHOOL
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
Instrumentation
 Guidelines: The Questionnaire

1. Vocabulary should be simple, direct and
familiar to all respondents
2. Be clear and specific
3. Items should be as short as possible (20 words or
less)
4. Edit all items for readability
Tejero, E.G. (2011). A simplified approach to thesis and dissertation writing.

Philippines:National Bookstore
Questionnaire
Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of

research. Philippines: National Bookstore
Questionnaire
 Advantages
1.Easy to construct
2.Distribution is easy and inexpensive
3.Responses are easy to tabulate
4.The respondents’ replies are of his own free will
5.Confidential information may be given freely
6.Respondents can fill out the questionnaire at will
7.The respondent can give more accurate replies
Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.
Philippines: National Bookstore
Questionnaire
 Disadvantages
1.Not for illiterates
2.Requires follow-ups
3.Wrong information cannot be corrected
4.A respondent may leave some questions/may not
understand the significance of the information given
5.Limited choices, respondent may be forced to select
responses that are not his actual choices. This is
especially true with the ‘yes’ or ‘no’ questions
Types of Questions asked in survey
questionnaires
Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of

research. Philippines: National Bookstore
questionnaires

questionnaires
Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research. Philippines: National Bookstore
questionnaires

Guidelines in the formulation of questions
for a questionnaire
for a questionnaire
for a questionnaire

Guidelines in the formulation of
questions for a questionnaire











THE COVER LETTER

SAMPLE COVER LETTER

SAMPLE COVER LETTER
Bulacan State University
City of Malolos, Bulacan
______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Dear Sir/Madam:
The undersigned is currently conducting a research entitled “Fiscal Resource Management of Student Publications in Higher
Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Region III,” in completion for the requirement for the degree Doctor in Educational Management.
Your kind permission is hereby requested for the undersigned to conduct an interview and administer survey questionnaire to the
members of your editorial board and staff including you, being the designated adviser, and other advisers and consultants of your
school publication.
I also would like to ask for a copy of your financial statement for the School Year 2010-2011.
I hope that this request will meet your kind approval. Thank you very much for extending your valuable help.
Respectfully yours,
Melanie Viloria-Briones
Noted by:
Dr. Danilo S. Hilario
Adviser/VP for Research and Planning Development
Dr. Norma Morala

Dean, Graduate School
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student Publications in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Region III. Unpublished Dissertation. Philippines: Bulacan State University
QUESTIONNAIRE SHOULD ANSWER THE
SOP
The study sought answers to the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the respondent Higher
Educational Institutions considering the following
contextual variables:
1.1 institutional typology;
1.2 years of operation;
1.3 student population?
SOP
1. What is the profile of the respondent Higher Educational Institutions considering the following contextual
variables:
1.1 institutional typology
1.2 years of operation;
SOP
1.3 student population?
SOP
2. How may the student publication be

described in terms of:
2.1 publication fee;
2.2 number of issue/publication per
semester;
2.3 type of published materials;
SOP
2.4 composition of the

editorial board;
2.5 number of student
journalists
projects/activities;
SOP
2.6 Projects/activities
organized/attended;
2.6.1 competitions,
2.6.2 press conferences,
2.6.3 training/seminars, and,
2.6. 4 other journalistic
enhancement program?
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student Publications in

Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Region III. Unpublished Dissertation.
Philippines: Bulacan State University
SOP
2.7 budget/funding;
2.7.1 savings of the
school’s appropriations,
2.7.2 student
subscription,
2.7.3 donations, and
2.7.4 other sources?
SOP
3. What are the program of II. Budgetary Allocation to various program

expenditures that are given expenditures . Kindly check the appropriate
priori budgetary allocation column as to the extent of compliance as
by the respondent-public regards budget allocation given to the schedule
and private higher
of expenses below:
educational institutions?
VGE- Very Great Extent
GE - Great Extent
ME- Moderate Extent
LME- Less Moderate Extent
NE – No Extent
SOP
3. What are the program of

expenditures that are given
priori budgetary allocation
by the respondent-public
and private higher
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student

Publications in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Region III.
Unpublished Dissertation. Philippines: Bulacan State University
QUESTIONNAIRE SHOULD ANSWER THE SOP
3. What are the program of

expenditures that are given
priori budgetary allocation
by the respondent-public
and private higher
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student Publications in Higher

Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Region III. Unpublished Dissertation. Philippines:
3. What are the

program of
expenditures that
are given priori
budgetary
allocation by the
respondent-public
and private higher
educational
institutions?
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource

Management of Student Publications in Higher
Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Region III.
Unpublished Dissertation. Philippines: Bulacan
SOP
4. Is there a significant difference in the fiscal resource

management of student publications in public and
private HEIs?
5. Is there a significant difference in the pattern of fiscal

resource management based on the respondents’
submitted financial statements?
6. What are the

problems
encountered
by the
stakeholders in
student
publications’
fiscal resource
management?
What solutions
were offered?

6. What are the

problems
encountered
by the
stakeholders in
student
publications’
fiscal resource
management?
What solutions
were offered?
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource

Management of Student Publications
in Higher Educational Institutions
(HEIs) in Region III. Unpublished
Dissertation. Philippines: Bulacan
State University
6. What are the problems

encountered by the
stakeholders in student
publications’ fiscal resource
management? What
solutions were offered?

6. What are the problems

encountered by the
stakeholders in student
publications’ fiscal resource
management? What
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of

Student Publications in Higher Educational Institutions
(HEIs) in Region III. Unpublished Dissertation.
Philippines: Bulacan State University
6. What are the

problems encountered
by the stakeholders in
student publications’
fiscal resource
management? What
Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of

Student Publications in Higher Educational Institutions
(HEIs) in Region III. Unpublished Dissertation. Philippines:
SOP
7. What Policy Intervention Program can be offered to facilitate

the fiscal resource management of student publications
anchored on the Fiscal Autonomy provision of the Campus
Journalism Act of 1991?
IV. From the above problems, what do you think could be

the best possible solutions?
Interview
Interview
-involves collection of data

through direct verbal
interaction between the
interviewer and the
respondent/participant.
Tejero, E.G. (2011). A simplified approach to thesis and dissertation writing.
Philippines:National Bookstore
Interview
When to use an
interview?
For qualitative or
quantitative studies?
Interview: Advantages
 Yields a more complete and valid information

 Can be used to all kinds of people
 Interviewer can always clarify points
 Only the interviewee can make replies to the
questions
 Reading of Subliminal cues
 There is flexibility
Interview: Disadvantages
 Sometimes, selected participants are

hard to contact
 It is expensive and time consuming
 Responses may be inaccurate
 There is no anonymity; interviewee
might withhold information
Interview
What type of
interview should be
used?
The Interview Instrument
 Interview Schedule (used when the researcher

knows all the item to be included in the interview about the
hypothesis or specific questions)
 Interview Guide

Observation
-(as a means of gathering information for research)
perceiving data
through the senses

Instrumentation

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Instrumentation

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Instrumentation

PREPARED BY: DR. MELANIE VILORIA-BRIONES

 Guidelines: The Questionnaire

Tejero, E.G. (2011). A simplified approach to thesis and dissertation writing.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

Dr. Norma Morala

1.3 student population?

2. How may the student publication be

2.4 composition of the

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student Publications in

3. What are the program of II. Budgetary Allocation to various program

3. What are the program of

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student

3. What are the program of

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student Publications in Higher

3. What are the

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource

4. Is there a significant difference in the fiscal resource

5. Is there a significant difference in the pattern of fiscal

6. What are the

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student

6. What are the

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource

6. What are the problems

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of Student

6. What are the problems

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of

6. What are the

Briones, M. V. (2011). Fiscal Resource Management of

7. What Policy Intervention Program can be offered to facilitate

IV. From the above problems, what do you think could be

-involves collection of data

 Yields a more complete and valid information

 Sometimes, selected participants are

 Interview Schedule (used when the researcher

Calderon, J.F. & Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Method of research.

-(as a means of gathering information for research)

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