1

KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITYOF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

KUMASI, GHANA

PROJECT TITLE
NEW TEACHING HOSPITAL
PHASE I &II DEVELOPMENT

INCEPTION REPORT

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, KNUST

CE 378 INTEGRATED DESIGN PROJECT 2015/2016

NAMES INDEX NUMBER

Amenumey Kenneth Bubune 9711113
Amoako-Atta Kwame Asante 9711213
Ofori- Addo Hilda 9721213
Aderibigbe Babatomiwa Shodipo 9709913
Monkah Papa Joseph 9719813
Quaye Archibald Nii Afotey 9723013

February, 2016
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Table of Contents

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................................................4
LIST OF FIGURES..........................................................................................................................................4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................5
1.0 Background........................................................................................................................................5
2.0 Objectives..........................................................................................................................................5
3.0 Progress of Work, and Work Schedule..............................................................................................5
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................7
1.1 Background........................................................................................................................................7
1.2 Objectives..........................................................................................................................................7
1.3 Scope of the Project...........................................................................................................................8
1.3.1 Site Layout..................................................................................................................................8
1.3.2 Geotechnical Investigation for the Administration Block............................................................8
1.3.3 Geotechnical Investigation for Road Pavement Design:.............................................................8
1.3.4 Pavement Design of Roads and Parking Facilities.......................................................................9
1.3.5 Geometric Design of Road Network...........................................................................................9
1.3.6 Storm Drainage...........................................................................................................................9
1.3.7 Water Resource........................................................................................................................10
1.3.8 Water Supply:...........................................................................................................................10
1.3.9 Waste management:................................................................................................................10
1.3.10 Environmental Impact Assessment Report:............................................................................11
1.4 Project Information Available..........................................................................................................11
2.0 PROJECT LOCATION AND AREA............................................................................................................12
2.1 Geology and Soils of the Area..........................................................................................................12
2.2 Climate & Rainfall............................................................................................................................12
2.3 Demographic characteristics...........................................................................................................13
2.3.1 Population & Growth Rate........................................................................................................13
2.3.2 Population Density....................................................................................................................13
2.3.3 Household Sizes and Characteristics.........................................................................................13
2.3.4 LABOUR FORCE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION...............................................................14
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3.0 MOBILIZATION AND FIELD RECONNAISSANCE.....................................................................................15

3.1 Mobilization.....................................................................................................................................15
3.1.1 The Project Team......................................................................................................................15
3.2 Field Reconnaissance.......................................................................................................................15
3.2.1 Terrain......................................................................................................................................16
3.2.2 Soils and Vegetation Cover.......................................................................................................16
3.2.3 Existing Roads & Traffic.............................................................................................................17
3.2.4 Drainage...................................................................................................................................18
3.2.6 Water Resource, Supply, Distribution.......................................................................................18
3.2.6 Environment.............................................................................................................................19
3.2.7 Road Safety...............................................................................................................................20
3.3 Initial Consultations.........................................................................................................................20
4.0 PROGRESS OF WORK, METHODOLOGY AND WORK SCHEDULE...........................................................21
4.1 Progress of Work.............................................................................................................................21
4.1.1 Traffic Studies, Road Design, & Road Safety.............................................................................21
4.1.2 Vehicular Parking......................................................................................................................22
4.1.2 Water Supply, Resource and Distribution.................................................................................23
4.1.5 Drainage.............................................................................................................................23
4.1.6 Sewerage System and Solid waste Management......................................................................24
5.0 PROPOSED CONTENT OF DRAFT FINAL REPORT..................................................................................25
6.0 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED.........................................................................................................26
7.0 APPENDIX............................................................................................................................................27
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Project Team Responsibility Assignment work Schedule............................................................14

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1 Site terrain showing cross slopes..............................................................................................15
Figure 3.2 showing shrubs and grass & showing the laterite.....................................................................16
Figure 3.3 Existing site access (LHS picture) and proposed access location (RHS picture) on Boadi Jn.-
Emena road...............................................................................................................................................16
Figure 7.1: A figure of Project Team on the field with the Site Engineering...............................................26
Figure 7.2: A figure of labourers with on Phase Two.................................................................................26
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 Background

The Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi (KNUST), the premier
Institution in Ghana is undertaking the construction of a new 800-bed teaching hospital. The
KNUST Teaching Hospital is to become a referral Centre for hospitals in the Ashanti Region in
order to ease the pressure currently on the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi. The new
hospital is being constructed in two phases. Phase One was awarded on contract and
construction is in progress at the site. Phase two, which is at the design stage, comprises staff
accommodation, ancillary support facilities, as well as drainage, water supply and waste
management for the entire Teaching Hospital. The Client has commissioned BSc. CE 2015/2016
Groups (i.e. students of the undergraduate programme in Civil Engineering (CE)) to undertake
the design of the Civil Engineering Infrastructure Works for the said Phase One of the new
Teaching Hospital project for the University in Kumasi. This inception report is the first report of
BSc. CE 2015/2016 (Group 5) on the assignment.

2.0 Objectives

The objective of the assignment is to provide engineering designs for components of the
Infrastructure Works to be designed for under PHASE ONE shall include:

i. Road Network,

ii. Vehicular Parking

iii. Drainage, Water Supply and Distribution

iv. Solid and Liquid Waste Management System

3.0 Progress of Work, and Work Schedule

The Project Team of BSc. CE 2015/2016 (Group 5) comprising six (6) undergraduate engineering
students pursuing Civil Engineering has familiarized itself with the Terms of Reference and the
project site.

We have spoken to some personnel and have received project drawings and other vital
information that can aid us accomplishes the given tasks. We have also performed a desk study
on the site and detailed engineering studies have also begun.
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The Project Team is expected to submit a Preliminary (progress) report, an Engineering Designs
Draft Final Report and a Detailed Engineering Designs Final Report. We are yet to receive the
date of submission of the just mention reports.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

The Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi (KNUST), the premier
Institution in Ghana responsible for the training of engineers, medical personnel, scientists and
technologists required to support the industrial and socio-economic development of Ghana is
undertaking the construction of a new 800-bed teaching hospital. The site for the new hospital
is located near Boadi, and opposite the Ghana Telecom Exchange Station, along the Boadi
Junction–Emena Road. The new hospital is being constructed in two phases. Phase one, which
has comprehensive structural and building services designs for a teaching hospital, has been
awarded on contract and construction is in progress at the site. Phase two, which is at the
design stage, was originally planned to cater for staff accommodation. However, it was later
decided to incorporate additional ancillary support facilities, as well as drainage, water supply
and waste management for the entire Teaching Hospital.

The Management of KNUST, the Client, has commissioned the Development Office of the
University to undertake the general planning and the design of the architectural aspects of the
Teaching Hospital scheme. Similarly the Client has engaged the services of Engineering
Consultants for the design of the mechanical and the electrical engineering aspects of the
proposed Teaching Hospital scheme. Preliminary planning and designs of the various units for
the Phase One scheme have been completed and approved by the Client. It is now required to
undertake the design of the Civil Engineering Infrastructure Works for phase ONE.

To this end, the Client has commissioned BSc. CE 2015/2016 Groups to undertake the design of
the Civil Engineering Infrastructure Works for the said Phase One of the new Teaching Hospital
project for the University in Kumasi.

1.2 Objectives

The objective of the assignment is to provide engineering designs for components of the
Infrastructure Works to be designed for under PHASE ONE shall include:

i. Road Network,

ii. Vehicular Parking

iii. Drainage, Water Supply and Distribution

iv. Solid and Liquid Waste Management System.

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1.3 Scope of the Project

The summary of the scope of works to be designed or performed by the Consultant are given
below:

1.3.1 Site Layout

Consultants should review the preliminary site layout proposed by the Project Architect to
confirm and include the following:

1. The road layout;

2. Drainage network

3. Location of the proposed water reservoir;

4. Water distribution network;

5. Solid waste disposal system

6. Liquid waste disposal system

1.3.2 Geotechnical Investigation for the Administration Block

The Consultant shall:

 Carry out the appropriate geotechnical investigation to support the safe and economic
design of the foundation of the Administration Block.

 Carry out foundation design of the Administration Block.

 Provide the necessary information about the sources and quality of construction
materials of geologic origin.

1.3.3 Geotechnical Investigation for Road Pavement Design:

The Consultant shall:

 Carry out the appropriate investigation to support the safe and economic design of the
pavement of the road network and parking areas.

 Provide the necessary information about the sources and quality of construction
materials of geologic origin required
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1.3.4 Pavement Design of Roads and Parking Facilities

The Consultant shall carry out the pavement structure design as follows:

 He shall obtain the necessary traffic information and

 the subsurface condition and

 compare alternative pavement structures and

 Provide a detailed structural design of the various pavements.

 Provide appropriate specification, bill of quantities and cost estimates

1.3.5 Geometric Design of Road Network

The geometric design shall include:

 The main access entry junction details;

 Show all vertical and horizontal alignment details required for the proper setting out of
the works.

 Pedestrian walkways, lay-bys and appropriate intersection details shall be incorporated

into the designs where appropriate.

 All traffic management features that are required for the safe and efficient operation of
the road network shall be designed and drawn to appropriate scale; Liaise with relevant
road agencies such as Department of Urban Roads and Ghana Highway Authority for
specifications and standards.

 Provide appropriate specification, bill of quantities and cost estimates

1.3.6 Storm Drainage

The Consultant shall undertake the necessary hydrological and hydraulic studies, using flood
protection standards and appropriate flood return periods that will ensure adequate sizing of
drains and related drainage structures for flood protection.

 Storm drainage shall ensure that adjacent properties are not unreasonably hampered
and that all drains shall have a desirable outfall.

 Maximum rainfall intensity of Kumasi shall be obtained;

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 All drains should be self-cleansing.

 Provide drainage drawings;

 Provide Bill of Quantities and Cost estimates.

1.3.7 Water Resource

The Consultant shall undertake the necessary studies and calculations to:

Identify appropriate sources of water for the site;

Conduct the appropriate investigation as to its adequacy and quality of water sources.

1.3.8 Water Supply:

The Consultant shall:

 Undertake engineering designs for the recommended distribution scheme, taking into
account appropriate design standards and criteria - supply area, population projections
(if necessary), levels of services and per capita consumption, demand estimation and
variations in water demand;

 Ensure that designs conform to existing standards for water supply as approved by the
appropriate agency such as CWSA, GWCL, EPA, etc.

 Prepare water distribution drawings consisting of plans and profiles of pipelines

detailing the location of all fittings and appurtenances.

 Provide bill of quantities and cost estimates

1.3.9 Waste management:

Liquid waste management

The consultant should

 Propose and design appropriate domestic wastewater collection and treatment system
for the Phase Two project;

 Prepare appropriate drawings consisting of plans and profiles of sewers;

 Provide bill of quantities and cost estimates

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Solid Waste Management

The consultant should:

 Propose and design appropriate domestic Solid Waste Management system (collection,
treatment and disposal)

 Provide bill of quantities and cost estimates

1.3.10 Environmental Impact Assessment Report:

The report of each specialization should cover the following:

 Identify the positive environmental impacts of the project

 Identify the negative environmental impact of the project

 Identify appropriate mitigation measures to lessen the objectionable impacts

 Draft appropriate management clauses and actions to be included in the Contract

document during implementation and operation of the facilities

 Develop a monitoring programme for each of the facilities to ensure that mitigation
being implemented is effective

 Assess Traffic impacts, especially at the main entrance from the network of roads
around the development

 Assess the cost of Environmental Management Plan.

1.4 Project Information Available

The following information has been made available by the Project Architect.

 Topographic Site Survey Map

 Proposed site layout drawing showing the proposed location of the buildings and
Associated infrastructure
 Architectural sketch drawings of the various building units.
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2.0 PROJECT LOCATION AND AREA

The site for the proposed Phase Two of the new Teaching Hospital is located on the North-
eastern side of the KNUST campus near Boadi, and opposite the Ghana Telecom Exchange
Station, along the Boadi Junction–Emena Road.

2.1 Geology and Soils of the Area

Ghana lies within the eastern domain of the Man Shield, which occupies the southernmost
third of the West African Craton (Hirdes, et al., 1993, p16). It is largely composed of folded and
metamorphosed rocks of early Proterozoic age that were intruded by granitoids during the
Eburnean Orogeny. Clastic Sedimentary rocks of the Tarkwaian Group also occur and are
believed to represent erosional deposits of earlier Birimian rocks.

The Kumasi metropolitan area is dominated by the middle Precambrian rock. The district is
underlain by the lower birimian rocks, which consist of phyllites greywaches, achist and gneiss
and cape coast granite. The effect of this unique geological structure in metropolis has both
positive and negative impacts on the local economy. The very existence of the Precambrian
rock has led to the development of the construction industry in the metropolis.

2.2 Climate & Rainfall

Kumasi, Ghana is at 66 ° 43' N 1 ° 36 ' W 287m (942ft). Kumasi has a tropical wet and
dry/savanna climate with pronounced dry season in the low- sun months, no cold season, wet
season is in the high- sun months. According to the hold ridge life zones systems of the
bioclimatic classification of Kumasi is situated in or near the tropical dry forest biome.

The mean temperature is 25.6 degrees Celsius. Averagely month temperatures vary by 3 degree
Celsius. This indicates that the continenality type is hyperoceanic. Precipitation averages
1484mm (158.4 inches which is equivalent to 1484 liters/m.

The city almost features two different rainy seasons, a longer rainy season from March through
July and a shorter rainy season from September to November. In actuality, the month of
February through to November is one long wet season, with a relative lull in precipitation in
August. Similar to the rest of West Africa, Kumasi experiences the Harmattan during the “low
sun” months. Lasting from December to February, the Harmattan is the primary source of the
city’s dry season.
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2.3 Demographic characteristics

2.3.1 Population & Growth Rate

The Kumasi metropolis is the most populous district in the Ashanti region. During the 2010
population census, it recorded a figure of 2,035,064 with a growth of 4.8%. In 2013, the
population of Kumasi is estimated at 2,396,458. There are more females (52.22%) in the
Metropolis than males (47.78%). Majority of the population (52.7%) are below 15 years while
the remaining 47.3% are above 15.

This accounts for just under a third 32.4% of the region’s population. Kumasi has attracted such
large population partly because it is the regional capital, and the most commercialized Centre in
the region. Other reasons include the centrality of Kumasi as a nodal city with major arterial
routes linking it to other parts of the country and also the fact that it is an educational Centre
with two state universities, private’s universities a polytechnic, two teacher training colleges,
secondary schools and a host of basic schools.

2.3.2 Population Density

The Kumasi Metropolitan Area has a total surface area of 254 sq. km (2000 population census)
with a population density of 9434 persons per sq. The Kumasi metropolis is second to Accra
metropolis (5530). The high density of population of the region may be explained by the fact
that it has the second largest economy in the country after the greater Accra region, which
tends to attract people from all walks of life to the regions.

2.3.3 Household Sizes and Characteristics

The average household size in the Metropolis is 5:1. The average number of households per
house is 3.4. This relatively large number of households per house is due largely to the large
population in the metropolis. Children constitute 34.0 the highest proportion of household
members in the entire Metropolis.

Several factors may account for the high proportion of children of household heads in the
District. In addition to minors who may still be living with their parents, there could also be
children, particularly females, who may move to stay with their parents, in accordance with
tradition, during the latter part of pregnancy, well into the post natal weaning period, before
returning to their spouses. Divorced, widowed, unemployed or even destitute children may also
fall back to live with their parents while sorting themselves out. All these are indications of the
fall-back support system that is the bedrock of the traditional family structure.
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Other relatives form the second highest proportion of the population in households in the
districts after children, constituting between 12.9 and 43.3 per cent of households. A number of
socio-economic factors may account for the high proportion of “other relatives” in households
in the Kumasi metropolis. Kumasi metropolis is an urbanized which attracts persons who stay
with relatives while actively searching for jobs on their own dwelling units.

2.3.4 LABOUR FORCE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION

The agriculture sector dominates the labour force. The composition of the labour force in the
small- scale industries show that 40% paid labourers and 23% are apprentices. In the medium
scale, 10% are owners, 15% are family workers, and 65% are paid workers. While
apprenticeship takes 10%, about 64% of the labour force is engaged in the agriculture depicting
it’s the major economic activity. This is followed by commerce 16% service 12% and industry
8%. Commercial activities in the districts have increased with the establishment of the major
markets at Akomadan, Afrancho, Nkenkaasu, Abofour, Anyinaasu, Offinso New Town and
Kokote.
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3.0 MOBILIZATION AND FIELD RECONNAISSANCE

3.1 Mobilization

3.1.1 The Project Team

The Group 5 comprises six (6) undergraduate students of the civil engineering department. The
roles and designations of the team members on the assignment are shown in Table 3.1

Table 3.1 Project Team Responsibility Assignment work Schedule

NO. NAME INDEX NO. SPECIALITY

1. Archibald Quaye 9723013 Team leader/ waste management

engineer

2. Bubune Amenumey kenneth 9711113 Assistance team leader/ water

resource engineer

3. Monkah Papa Joseph 9719813 Highway Design/Road Safety Engineer

4. Ofori- Addo Hilda 9721213 Traffic engineer

5. Aderibigbe Babatomiwa shodipo 9709913 Waste management engineer

6. Kwame Amoako-Atta 9711213 Water resource engineer.

3.2 Field Reconnaissance

The Project Team paid visits to the project site on 8th and 23 rd February, 2016. The team moved
across the entire site inspecting the features of the existing road, traffic operations, terrain,
topography, vegetation cover, source of water bodies, drainage structures and how they were
functioning presence of utility lines and features among others. The visits were useful because
it enabled the team to gain appreciation of existing site conditions and to help conceive what is
needed to be done to accomplish the objectives of the assignment.

A summary of information obtained from the site reconnaissance is presented below.

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3.2.1 Terrain

The group critically went through the Architectural site map and observed that the ground has three
main slopes. Two of the slopes were moving in the same direction and the other slope opposing the
other two. The slopes moving in the same direction were coming from the KNUST SHS. The entire slope
is gentle.

Figure 3.1 Site terrain showing cross slopes

3.2.2 Soils and Vegetation Cover

The soil found on site was mostly laterite. Going down the slope thus, the westward direction the soil
surface gradually changes to loamy. Grass, shrubs, and quite a number of trees could be found. The local
used to engage themselves in maize farming so there are parches of maize farm on the site. Getting
closer to the stream the vegetation in the area becomes dense.
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Figure 3.2 showing shrubs and grass & showing the laterite

3.2.3 Existing Roads & Traffic

There are no existing roads within the site perimeter. There are however a track from the main
Boadi Junction – Emena road through the site to the Phase One site entrance. There are also a
number of foot tracks providing access to the vegetable plantations. Bordering the site on the
eastern side is the Boadi Junction – Emena road. The proposed main entrance to the site is
located on this road. By the DUR road classification system the Boadi Junction–Emena road is a
Collector/distributor h handling traffic between access roads along it, Boadi, Kotey and the
Accra –Kumasi road (N6).

Figure 3.3 Existing site access (LHS picture) and proposed access location (RHS picture) on Boadi Jn.-
Emena road
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The Team agreed on the fact that the main entrance configuration was a critical aspect of the
design given the current traffic volume, speeds of vehicles observed, as well as the estimated
future traffic upon completion of the project. It was observed that vehicles travelling on the
road between the proposed project site and the adjacent ECG substation/Ghana Telecom office
through to Boadi were travelling at relatively high speeds. This could pose a challenge for the
vehicles entering/exiting the traffic stream from the hospital since current visibility for vehicles
in this section may not be adequate. Both the current access point and the proposed entrance
are in horizontal curves. Visibility is impaired near the current access point due to the steep
upward vertical profile on the approach from Emena.

The proposed entrance location is not close to the vertical curve but has entrances to the ECG
and Ghana Telecom premises in close proximity. It is recommended that the location of the
intersection must therefore be moved a few meters from the proposed location in order to
avoid some of these challenges and improve general safety. The current super elevation of the
main road may need some improvement since the road surface appears to be flat.

Besides the intersection, most parts of the site did not seem to present any challenges. The
terrain is gently undulating and it is not expected that there would be many cuts or fills
required as per our observation.

3.2.4 Drainage

Drainage must be accounted for in any landscape project. Drainage typically means controlling
falling water to move it away from the site and preventing pounding that can affect
landscaping. In terms of surface drainage, slope is the most important thing to consider. The
site features considerable slopes that make it well-drained. Surface drainage leads towards the
center and then flows outwards to the Eastern part of the site into the Bokum stream. This
runoff is collected naturally due to the good slopes and high elevation of the land.
Infrastructure on site is not in any way hindered as a result as well as construction works.

3.2.6 Water Resource, Supply, Distribution

The Kumasi water supply system is the supply system in the community. Due to the high
demands of the hospital, the Kumasi water supply system will not be adequate to meet these
demands. So there is a need to recommend other supply sources (such as boreholes, ground-
water, and reservoir). Currently, there are no water distribution network on the site.
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3.2.6 Environment

The project is expected to impact various components of the environment from construction to
its operational stages. Some envisaged social, physical and biological impacts are discussed
below.

Social

Positive impacts

- Employment at design stage, during and after construction

- Improved access to health care

Negative impacts

- Noise pollution during construction

- Loss of livelihood through loss of farm land (through borrowing and construction)

- High pedestrian safety risk due to increase in vehicle-pedestrian interaction

Physical

Negative impacts

- Soil erosion through increased runoff

- Pollution of water bodies by earthworks, fuel and lubricants, night soil, bath water and refuse
during construction

- Pollution of water bodies by effluent from mortuary and other hospital facilities

- Air pollution from exhaust fumes during construction

- Air and soil pollution from refuse and litter during and after construction

Biological

Negative impacts

- Loss of natural habitat for squirrels, birds and other animals

- Loss of vegetation cover through land take by construction and borrowing

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- Destruction of aquatic life through water pollution

- Unhealthy irrigation water for vegetable plantations due to water pollution.

3.2.7 Road Safety

The Boadi- Emena road from the Emena Roundabout consist of two horizontal curves and a vertical
curve that approach the proposed entrance. Currently there are no road signs, road marks and traffic
signals on the road. Hence one cannot tell carriageway from the road shoulders. There are no
pedestrian walks for pedestrian safety. The bituminous road surface is also bleeding and would make
the road slippery in hot or rainy conditions .

3.3 Initial Consultations

A visit to the site to indulge the site engineer (from ASID Company limited) on certain aspects of the
project. He made known the type of foundations used, the sizes of reinforcements and general
information we required. Further architectural drawings and site plans including the topography and
contour outline of the site were made available to us. Further interactions shed more light on the
appropriate equipment and tools needed.
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4.0 PROGRESS OF WORK, METHODOLOGY AND WORK SCHEDULE

4.1 Progress of Work

In order to ensure the timely completion the Project Team has begun conducting detailed
materials investigations, traffic studies, preliminary geometric designs, hydrological studies and
hydraulic analyses and design. Investigations into the use of rates of similar works as well the
survey of inputs encompassing machine, labour wages, cost materials for use for sample rate
analysis are underway. Scoping of potential impacts of the project on components of the
environment has been done and will be the basis of the determination of mitigation measures.

4.1.1 Traffic Studies, Road Design, & Road Safety

Roads are very essential especially for such infrastructure. They are means of transportation
therefore it is important to conduct traffic studies to aid in the design of the road and provide
safety for the road users. The team met and decided to provide a brief studies in the inception
report. This includes;

I. Traffic Studies

II. Road Design

III. Road Safety

Traffic Studies

Traffic studies are very important for the design of the road and safety to the users. We
observed that there is free-flowing traffic at top speeds. The team has proposed locations on
the Boadi Junction-Emena road to conduct various traffic studies. The traffic studies that will be
conducted by the group are;

I. Volume Count

II. Speed Studies

III. Accident Studies

IV. Parking Studies

With this we will derive the ADT, AADT PHV, PHF, parking demand, speed limit, and accidents
prone areas. With all this we will be able to meet the specifications of the road design.
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Road Design

There is no existing road on the site and also from the site that connects to the Boadi Junction-
Emena road. The road to be designed must meet the specifications of (GHA, 1991). The Boadi
Junction-Emena road is classified as a collector by the Department of Urban Roads. Road plan
by the architect must be referred before designing the road pavements. To access this
information it is necessary to consult the KNUST Development office. Assessment was made by
us through observation on the Boadi Junction-Emena road. We noticed that there was a steep
vertical curve close to the site on the collector road. Superelevaton on the road is quite bad and
thus needs to be improved. Entrance and access point are in horizontal curves this does not
help vision when driving. The drain along the road seems shallow, small and open this is a
situation that needs improvement.

Road Safety

Infarct per our observations in terms of safety to the road users that will be using the collector
is poor. Why? There are no road signs, no pedestrian walk ways, no lay-by, and no markings to
indicate a carriage lane. Asphaltic surface is relatively thin, this makes the road slippery when
wet. No zebra-crossing or any means for pedestrians to cross to the other side of the road.

4.1.2 Vehicular Parking

The need for parking spaces is usually very great in areas of social, residential or commercial
activities especially in a hospital.

Providing adequate parking space to meet the demand for parking in the hospital is very
essential. Any vehicle will at one time be parked short time or longer time. On street parking
facilities also known as curb facilities are provided. . Parking bays are provided alongside the
curb on one or both sides of the street. May be unrestricted parking, unlimited and free,
limited, fee-based. The study area includes both on- and off-street facilities, type and number
of parking spaces at each parking facility, Times of operation and limit on duration of parking, if
any.

It is anticipated that parking for 100 cars for the Administration Block will be needed. However,
the consultant is responsible for investigating the maximum that the site can accommodate and
the needed traffic flow for the designs. We intend to find that out by from the KOMFO ANOKYE
TEACHING HOSPITAL.
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4.1.2 Water Supply, Resource and Distribution.

We will assess the water requirement for the entire hospital including Phase one (currently
under construction). The following will be taken into consideration:

 The 800-bed hospital forming part of Phase One

 Water Supply provision to hospital staffs and employees.

 Water supply provision to the General Public who will attend to the hospital.

 Provision for firefighting and other general water requirements.

Due to the fact that the Kumasi water supply system at the moment is not adequate to meet
the domestic and industrial demand, it is proposed that both ground and elevated storage
reservoirs be provided to ensure 24-hour service for the hospital. Provision is to be made for
water storage for 5 days peak water consumption. The water quality is to be ascertained to
determine its suitability for the hospital or otherwise and whether further clarification may be
required.

Water Resources

We intend to provide detail calculations showing evidence of the adequacy or inadequacy of all
the water sources available and justification of choice of option(s) for water supply (using data
from metrological, river flows and hydrogeological studies)

Water Supply and Distribution

The design of the distribution network and storage system would be done such as to ensure the
minimum required residual pressures at all fittings for their optimum functioning.

IV.1.5 Drainage

Considering the weather pattern and climate conditions, appropriate drainage should be constructed.
The designed drains must be constructed considering the topography of the land and the nature of the
terrain. The drains should be self-cleansing. All the drains must be covered and slope at an appropriate
angle. The roadside drains must consist of a buried concrete culvert with adequately designed inlet
arrangements to prevent siltation. Storm water from the entire areas of phase I and II will be estimated
and the appropriate culvert provided and positioned to collect maximum water from the site and
channelled to flow to the Bukom stream.
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4.1.6 Sewerage System and Solid waste Management

Sewerage System

The wastewater from phases I and II as well as from the general public who will attend to the
hospital will be estimated, and the methods of collection and treatment. The wastewater to be
generated at the proposed hospital would be considered in two categories: domestic and
medical.

Domestic sewage would be collected from the inspection chambers at each facility and
transported through adequately sized sewers to a central sewage treatment plant. An
appropriate sewage treatment system would be designed to handle and treat all domestic
waste and the effluent discharged into the nearest natural water body in accordance with the
EPA guidelines for effluent discharge into natural water bodies.

The medical waste, to be generated from the operations of the various units of the proposed
hospital shall be disposed off in accordance with approved methods for handling such wastes.
However, where feasible and appropriate, the medical waste shall be connected to the
domestic sewers and treated at the treatment plant for domestic waste.

Solid Waste Management

The solid waste to be generated at the proposed hospital would to be considered in two categories:
domestic and medical. The collection, handling and disposal of domestic solid waste would be done in
accordance with the KMA method for solid waste disposal. Refuse collection points are/would to be
located in such a way as to avoid odor invasion into the Nursing and Treatment facilities. Appropriate
facilities would be designed for the medical solid waste.

The solid waste from phases I and II as well as general public who will attend to the hospital would be
estimated and facilities for managing the waste provided.
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5.0 PROPOSED CONTENT OF DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Executive Summary

Background &Introduction

Geotechnical Investigations and Analyses

Traffic Studies & Analyses

Geometric Designs

Pavement Design

Parking Studies and Facilities

Hydrological Studies and Drainage Design.

Water Supply, Resource and Water Distribution

Sewerage System and Solid Waste Management

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Cost Estimates, Bill of Quantities & Bid Documentation

Progress of Work/ Current Activities

Working Drawings

Plans & profiles

Cross-sections

Line Diagrams etc.

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6.0 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED

 Site engineers were working within time hence little time was made for us to interact with them
and get more information about the work progress.

 There was little to no access to the topographical map and contours of the land which was given
to the various departments in charge of the project hence analysis made was difficult.

 Access to the site was difficult due to the nature of the land and location of the site hence part
of the journey was made on foot.
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7.0 APPENDIX

Figure 7.4: A figure of Project Team on the field with the Site Engineering

Figure 7.5: A figure of labourers with on Phase Two