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  • Basic Histology Lecture. 1

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    Oyeniyi Daniel
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    This document provides an overview of basic histology and cytology. It discusses that histology is the study of cells, tissues and organs under a microscope. The four basic tissues are epithelial, muscular, nervous and connective tissues. Epithelial tissues can be simple, stratified or transitional. Connective tissues include areolar, fibrous, adipose, cartilage and bone tissues. Muscle tissues include skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscle contains many nuclei and myofibrils with alternating dark A-bands and light I-bands. Key muscle proteins include actin, myosin, actinin and titin. Cardiac muscle differs from skeletal in fiber structure, nuclear location and sarcoplasm content.

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    Basic histology lecture. 1

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    This document provides an overview of basic histology and cytology. It discusses that histology is the study of cells, tissues and organs under a microscope. The four basic tissues are epithelial, muscular, nervous and connective tissues. Epithelial tissues can be simple, stratified or transitional. Connective tissues include areolar, fibrous, adipose, cartilage and bone tissues. Muscle tissues include skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscle contains many nuclei and myofibrils with alternating dark A-bands and light I-bands. Key muscle proteins include actin, myosin, actinin and titin. Cardiac muscle differs from skeletal in fiber structure, nuclear location and sarcoplasm content.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    4 views12 pages

    Basic Histology Lecture. 1

    Uploaded by

    Oyeniyi Daniel
    This document provides an overview of basic histology and cytology. It discusses that histology is the study of cells, tissues and organs under a microscope. The four basic tissues are epithelial, muscular, nervous and connective tissues. Epithelial tissues can be simple, stratified or transitional. Connective tissues include areolar, fibrous, adipose, cartilage and bone tissues. Muscle tissues include skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscle contains many nuclei and myofibrils with alternating dark A-bands and light I-bands. Key muscle proteins include actin, myosin, actinin and titin. Cardiac muscle differs from skeletal in fiber structure, nuclear location and sarcoplasm content.

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    of 12

    Course:

    Basic Histology and Cytology


    Mr Ibrahim B.O

    CreedExplore science
    HISTOLOGY
    ● The study of cells, tissues and organs as seen with a microscop

    ● Derived from histos ( tissues) and Logia. ( Study/ science).

    ● It is the structural bases of cell ,tissue, organ and system


    biology, physiology and pathology.
    CreedExplore

    Histology: 4 basic tissues

    ● Epithelial tissue

    ● Muscular tissue

    ● Nervous tissue

    ● CONNECTIVE tissue.
    CreedExplore

    EPITHELIUM
    ● simple(unilayered)
    ● squamous,cuboidal or columnar
    ● stratified (multilayered).
    ● stratified squamous, transitional epithelium,
    stratified cuboidal/columnar,
    pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
    CreedExplore
    CreedExplore
    CreedExplore
    Connective tissue
    A. Areolar

    B. fibrous/Dense

    C. Adipose

    D. Cartilage

    E. Compact bone

    F. Blood
    CreedExplore

    MUSCLE.
    Straited/skeletal muscle : voluntary muscle supplied by
    somatic nerves.e.g limb and girdle muscles

    ● Smooth muscle: typically in walls of hollow viscera,it is an


    involuntary muscle supplied by autonomic nerves. Stomach,
    oesophagus etc

    ● Cardiac muscle: like smooth muscle is involuntary and like


    straited muscle show straitions. Posses inherent rhythmic
    CreedExplore
    Skeletal muscle
    ● Hundreds of nuclei
    ● Consist of long cylindrical fiber
    ● Nuclei are elongated and lie along periphery
    ● Membrane is called Sarcolemma
    ● Cytoplasm filled with longitudinal fibrils called myofibrils.
    ● Presence of transverse straitions of alternate A-bands
    (dark region) and I-bands (light regions).
    CreedExplore
    Protein present in muscles
    ● Actin- possess head end ( extending into A band) and tail
    end( anchored to the Z-line
    ● Myosin- possess tail end attached to M-line
    ● Actinin-. Found in region of Z disc. Bind tail.end of actin
    filament to this disc.
    ● Myomesin- found at region of M disc, binds tail end of
    myosin to the disc.
    ● Titin- connect head ends of myosin to Z disc and keeps
    myosin filament in alignment.
    ● Desmin-. Link myofibril to each other
    CreedExplore
    Cardiac versus Skeletal
    Similarities Differences
    ● Elongated fibres ● Cardiac fibre is not strict parallel,
    ● Myofibrils show transverse but branch.
    ● Cardiac Fibre is not
    straitions
    multinucleated but each myocyte
    ● A, I, Z, H bands present in has its nucleus
    straitions ● Nuclear located centrally not
    ● Similar frame work and peripheral.
    carpillary network. ● Sarcoplasm in cardiac abundant
    ● myofibrils; same structure of in mitochondria.
    actin and myosin filaments ● Few myofibrils in cardiac
    we continue from here
    Thank you...

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