AIR CONDITIONING AND MW

VENTILATION SYSTEMS 8:00-10:30

FUNCTIONS OF AIR CONDITIONING
1. Control the temperature
2. Control the humidity
3. Control the purity
4. Control the air circulation
SATURATED AIR
➢ Air whose condition is such that any decrease in temperature will result in
condensation of the water vapor into liquid
➢ Mixture of dry air and saturated water vapor
➢ Air is saturated, if the vapor pressure of air is equal to the saturation pressure
𝑷𝒗 = 𝑷𝒔𝒂𝒕

➢ If air is saturated, the dry bulb temperature, the wet bulb temperature, and the
dew point temperature are equal.
𝒕𝒅𝒃 = 𝒕𝒘𝒃 = 𝒕𝒅𝒑
 UNSATURATED AIR
➢ Air containing superheated vapor
➢ Air which is a mixture of dry air and superheated vapor
➢ If air is unsaturated, the dew point temperature is less than the wet bulb
temperature and dry bulb temperature
𝒕𝒅𝒑 < 𝒕𝒘𝒃 < 𝒕𝒅𝒃
PROPERTIES OF AIR
1. Temperature, 𝒕
a. Dry bulb temperature
b. Wet bulb temperature
c. Dew point temperature

2. Pressure, P
➢ From Dalton’s Law of partial pressure, the total pressure of atmospheric air is the sum of the
partial pressure of dry air and the partial pressure of water vapor.
𝑷 = 𝑷𝒂 + 𝑷𝒗
Where:
𝑷 = total pressure of air-water vapor mixture
𝑷𝒂 = partial pressure of dry air
𝑷𝒗 = partial pressure of water vapor
PROPERTIES OF AIR
3. Specific volume and density,
➢ From Ideal Gas Equation, 𝑷𝑽 = 𝒎𝑹𝑻
𝑽𝒂 𝑹𝒂 𝑻 𝑹𝒂 𝑻 𝒎𝟑
𝒗= = = 𝒅𝒓𝒚 𝒂𝒊𝒓
𝒎 𝑷𝒂 𝑷 − 𝑷𝒗 𝒌𝒈
𝟏 𝒌𝒈
𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚, 𝝆 = 𝒅𝒓𝒚 𝒂𝒊𝒓
𝒗 𝒎𝟑
Where:
𝒗 = specific volume
𝑹𝒂 = gas constant of air, 0.287 kJ/kg K
PROPERTIES OF AIR
4. Humidity Ratio, W
➢ Is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air. The mass of water vapor is usually
measured in grains. (7,000 grains = 1 pound)
𝑷𝒗 𝑷𝒗
𝑾 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐𝟐
𝑷𝒂 𝑷 − 𝑷𝒗
Where:
𝑃 = total pressure, kPa
𝑃𝑣 = partial pressure of water vapor, kPa
PROPERTIES OF AIR
5. Enthalpy, h
𝒉 = 𝑪𝒑 𝒕 + 𝑾𝒉𝒈
Where:
𝑪𝒑 = specific heat of dry air = 1.0 kJ/kg C
𝒕 = dry bulb temperature
𝑾 = humidity ratio
𝒉𝒈 = enthalpy of saturated water vapor at the air temperature
PROPERTIES OF AIR
6. Relative Humidity, RH
𝑷𝒗
𝑹𝑯 =
𝑷𝒔𝒂𝒕

7. Percent Saturation, %
𝑾
% 𝑺𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 =
𝑾𝒔𝒂𝒕
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. What is the specific volume of an air-vapor mixture at 24 deg. Celsius and
relative humidity of 50% at atmospheric pressure?
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
2. What is the enthalpy of the air-vapor mixture at 65% relative humidity and 34C
when the barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa?