Work Breakdown Structure

(WBS)
 Definition
A delivery-oriented grouping of project elements
that organizes and defines the total scope of the project
(PMBOK Guide)

http://www.projectmanagerpad.com/2012/10/what-is-wbs.html
 WBS Purpose
1) Details the WORK to be done in the project
2) Defines the SCOPE
3) Allows Project Planning (time, cost, control, responsib.)
4) Excludes: work outside WBS is not a work in the project

http://www.free-management-ebooks.com/faqpm/scope-06.htm
WBS Structure
WBS Structure: Table Form

http://slideplayer.com/slide/4884035/
 WBS Structure
1) Scope shall contain no overlap of two WBS elements
2) WBS is hierarchical (at least 3 levels)and coded
3) Lowest element of WBS is called Work Package (WP)
4) WBS updates are under formal control of changes

http://www.free-management-ebooks.com/faqpm/schedule-02.htm
 WBS is not a TASK LIST!
1) Scope is defined by deliverables
2) WBS is what, not how, who and when (tasks/schedule)

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/10-tools-your-shipbuilding-project-no4-define-work-michele-lauriero
 WBS Construction
1) There are summary packages and work packages
2) WBS list the major deliverables
3) All deliverables of SOW
appear on the WBS
4) A task derived from the WBS
has a strong verb (Activity)
that produces a
strong name (Product)

https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/83387030573383896/
 Big Projects WBS
Contractors and
vendors can provide
a CWBS
to respond to a RFP

CWBS: Contract WBS

RFP: Request for Proposal

http://www.bmpcoe.org/library/books/ex-se/17t31.html
 Big Projects CWBS Negotiation
Contract value increased by US$ 900 Millions of US$ 5,4 Billions

Traditional Gripen Display Wide Area Display (WAD)

https://www.aereo.jor.br/2019/09/25/qual-e-a-funcao-da-chave-war- https://www.airway.com.br/ael-sistemas-vai-exportar-displays-para-o-
peace-no-painel-do-gripen/ novo-gripen-sueco/
 WBS level 2: Satellite Project (NASA)
1.1 Project Management
1.2 Systems Engineering
1.3 Safety & Mission Assurance
1.4 Science & Technology
1.5 Payloads
1.6 Spacecraft
1.7 Mission Operations
1.8 Launch Vehicle & Services
1.9 Ground Systems
1.10 System Integration & Testing
1.11 Education & Public Outreach https://nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov/displayDir.cfm?Internal_ID=
N_PR_7120_005E_&page_name=AppendixH
WBS : Satellite Project
WBS level 2: Missile(MIL-STD-881C)
WBS: Aircraft 1

http://www.bmpcoe.org/library/books/sef/5122.html
WBS: Aircraft 2

http://slideplayer.com/slide/5230881/
 WBS: UAV

https://www.slideshare.net/ahmad1957/uav-stability-augmentation-system-usas-presentation
 100% Rule
WBS includes 100% of the work
defined by the project scope
and captures all deliverables (internal or external)
in terms of the work to be done,
including project management.

The sum of the work at the child level WBS element

must equal 100% of the work represented by the parent
 How to build a WBS
1. Top down: break a project in descending levels of detail
2. Break down each Work Element into a lower level
3. Use a small team for the top levels, but at lower levels …
 How to build a WBS (cont.)
4. Invite specialists to detail the process of breaking down
5. Study the specialists break down with the small team
6. Make meetings of the small team with the specialists
 Product oriented
Two types of WBS

Process oriented
Process oriented WBS example
Product oriented WBS example
Use product oriented for projects with many phases
 How far to go with WBS
1. 8/80 rule- no WP shall take less than 8h or more than 80h
2. Reporting rule- no WP time shall extend a status report
3. “Is it useful”? rule- an additional level in the WBS:
a) Will show big advantages to estimations (cost, f. ex.)?
b) Will facilitate assignment of responsibilities?
c) Will improve project control (tracking)?
d) Will be handable by the organization?

WRONG!
 How far to go with WBS

https://strives-uploads-prod.s3.us-gov-west-
1.amazonaws.com/20180000844/20180000844.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIASEVSKC45ZTTM42XZ&Expires=1601222234&Signature=YfoQ0Iu
%2FEn07rcu9Rt2FAe6uREc%3D
Take Care: WBS is not a PBS!

Fonte:NASA
WBS from the viewpoint of a PM

https://br.pinterest.com/loryspence/wbs/
Development from the viewpoint of a SE

http://insider.altairhyperworks.com/math-connection-great-music-superior-engineering/
 WBS from NASA

https://strives-uploads-prod.s3.us-gov-west-
1.amazonaws.com/20180000844/20180000844.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIASEVSKC45ZTTM42XZ&Expires=1601222234&Signature=YfoQ0Iu
%2FEn07rcu9Rt2FAe6uREc%3D
 Why a WBS?
1) Technical Management:
a) Specification Tree: represents a hierarchy of performance requirements
for each element of the system for which design responsibility is assigned
b) Configuration Management: technical document and/or contract
deliverable designated for CM is called a configuration item (CI).
The WBS is the framework for designating the CI on a project
c) Test and Evaluation: Test plans may be developed for individual WBS
elements. The effort associated with conducting and evaluating those
tests may become part of the work defined for the appropriate WBS
element
d) Integrated Logistics Support: (a) Spare and repair parts inventories,
warehousing, and control; (b) Preventive and scheduled facilities and
equipment maintenance ; (c) Reliability and maintainability data;
(d) Transportation and handling systems; (e) Test equipment;
(f) Training; (g) Related publications
 Why a WBS?
2) Work Identification and Assignment

OBS Organization Breakdown Structure

https://explorers.larc.nasa.gov/HPMIDEX/pdf_files/08_[NASA_WBS_Ha
ndbook_]20180000844.pdf
 Why a WBS?
4) Schedule Management
5) Cost Management
6) Performance Management

PMB:
a time-phased
budget plane against
which contract
performance is
measured.
It integrates Cost,
Schedule, and
Technical Content

https://explorers.larc.nasa.gov/HPMIDEX/pdf_files/08_[NASA_WBS_Handbook_]20180000844.pdf