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TOEFL COURSES TOEFL COURSES --> Developing iBT TOEFL -->Reading Section
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Choose: Fact Questions
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Read the passage and choose the one best answer to each question.
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POPULATION ECOLOGY
Mastering iBT TOEFL

Population ecology is the science that measures changes in population size and composition and identifies the
TOEFL WITH EXPLANATION causes of these fluctuations. Population ecology is not concerned solely with the human population. In
Listening section ecological terms, a population consists of the individuals of one species that simultaneously occupy the same
Reading section general area, rely on the same resources, and are affected by similar environmental factors. The
characteristics of a population are shaped by its size and by the interactions among individuals and between
TOEFL MODEL TEST individuals and their environment.
TOEFL ITP
Population size is a balance between factors that increase numbers and factors that decrease numbers. Some
TOEFL iBT
factors that increase populations are favorable light and temperature, adequate food supply, suitable habitat,
ability to compete for resources, and ability to adapt to environmental change. Factors that decrease
TOEFL VOCABULARY
populations are insufficient or excessive light and temperature, inadequate food supply, unsuitable or
Nature
destroyed habitat, too many competitors for resources, and inability to adapt to environmental change.
Science

Mind and Body An important characteristic of any population is its density. (1) Population density is the number of
Society
individuals per unit, such as the number of maple trees per square kilometer in a county. (2) Ecologists can
rarely determine population size by actually counting all individuals within geographical boundaries. (3)
Money
Instead, they often use a variety of sampling techniques to estimate densities and total population sizes. (4) In
Government and Justice some cases, they estimate population size through indirect indicators, such as the number of nests or burrows,
Relationships or signs such as tracks or droppings.
Culture NEWS
Another important population characteristic, dispersion, is the pattern of spacing among individuals within
1. According to the passage, which factor might cause the population of a species to decrease in size? Khai giảng lớp học tiếng anh miễn phí cho
trẻ em nghèo
A.
A large number of other species competing for food Triển khai chương trình
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B.
An ability to hide from or defend against predators hoạt động xã hội nhằm
tích cực đóng góp cho
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C.
A greater number of births than deaths cộng đồng
D.
A favorable amount of light and water Xem tiếp...

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2. Which of the following is an indirect indicator of a population′s density? "Better English, Better
Choice" (tạm dịch: Tiếng
A.
The distribution of food in a given area Anh tốt hơn, Lựa chọn tốt
hơn) là khNu hiệu của website ôn luyện tiếng
B.
The number of individuals counted in a given area
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C.
The number of births in a given period of time Xem tiếp...
D.
The number of nests in a given area

3. The distribution pattern of individuals within a population′s geographical boundaries is known as


A.
population ecology
B.
population dispersion
C.
population change
D.
population density

4. Which of the following situations would be most likely to result in a uniform dispersion pattern?
A.
Whales develop strong bonds among relatives.
B.
Birds compete for a place to build their nests.
C.
Elephants form a circle to protect their young.
D.
Fish swim in large schools to avoid predators.

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